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hello friends welcome to this next episode on which we will be talking about reading skills and as you already know that reading skills is a part of verbal skills isn't it so let us go ahead proceed with directly the topic what is reading skills or what is reading as such okay so there are different definitions given by different people one definition which i liked it probably i have included here and reading is basically a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols to derive meaning means anybody who looks at what is return okay it may be symbols it may be words letters alphabets it could be anything that they look at it and they understand something a message is given out from those alphabets those words those sentences those symbol signs that is written okay now what is the meaning it is used in a language for acquisition or communication and sharing ideas information data feelings opinion or maybe feedback suggestions fine now reading is the input process we have to understand reading is the input process because when we read we get some knowledge some information or we try to understand the some feelings so reading is basically an input process and writing is the output process where the people share to others so it is an output process writing is an output process while reading is input process there is a research done across the world and it has been found that how much of the time is paired by in general people in the business community or occupational community professional community how much time of which part of communication skills is used see when we talk about verbal skills we talk about lsrw listening speaking reading and writing so how much time is spent by professionals in listening in speaking reading and writing and here comes the graph in front of you see majority of the time nearly half of the time is spent in listening and one-fourth approximately in speaking while reading takes the third place that is 16 when we talk about the input side listening and reading these two are the input activities in verbal communication skills and they take the majority of the time the output activities like speaking or writing they take lesser time compared to the input activities okay now let us go to the next slide now why reading why we should give weightage to reading so as you are students in the college you will be facing various types of exams maybe you want to go for post graduation you have entrance exams there you want to go for government jobs like public service commissions central upsc or the respective state state public service commissions there you will have to write exams and there your reading skills are important because you have to read the aptitude questions let it be from verbal aptitude or even the questions may be from quantitative aptitude logical and reasoning aptitude yet you have to read those questions understand it then only you can answer it okay when i talk about specifically verbal aptitude there is approximately 25 to 30 percent weightage given for reading comprehension in government exams the same may be applied in varied percentage in various exams you go for toefl ielts or you go for campus placements off-campus on-campus placements you will find wherever there is verbal aptitude reading comprehension comes in one or the other form so reading has been given quite a great importance in aptitudes other than this reading is important as a student you have to read understand the material the academic material then only you can reproduce it when you go for business if it is your own business or somebody else business again you will have to read business reports you will have to read news reports to understand the impact of the news on business something like that so reading has a heavy weightage as a part of input in your verbal skills as a personality now let us go to the next that is techniques of reading so in techniques of reading there are basically four different techniques of reading it is skimming scanning extensive reading and intensive reading let us look into each of these along with a few examples let us start with the first that is skimming now what is skimming skimming is you just go through the book suppose you want to buy a new book you go to the bookstore what do you do first you read the title of the book then the name of the author then you will read who is the publisher what is the price how many pages are there are there what is the font size inside the book how many different diagrams figures pictures are in the book then you may look at the last page where you will see what is the opinion of other people others liberties what they have given their opinion about the book you if you can find a little bit about the introduction of the author that you would like to see you would like to read the preface or somewhere in between you would like to read one or two sentences to see how good the language is that is skimming you are just trying to take the overall preview of the entire book before you purchase it maybe hardly it will take one minute to look into details of all these the entire book of maybe 300 pages okay so that is called skimming similarly if you go for suppose newspaper you will skim through the newspaper what you do you only read the headlines to understand what is important for the day that is called skimming okay let us go for more examples for example like number one the newspaper which i told you the second reason is non-fiction material you want to take a book a novel you would like to look into it number three magazines suppose you are waiting in the corridor or suppose you are waiting in the waiting room for your turn to come okay and there are a few magazines you pick up a magazine you look at the cover of the magazine you just look glance through the content page okay you look at the pictures in in and out the magazine so that is skimming next is brochures product brochures you look for it or business brochures you look for the details it's very superficial next is movie reviews before you go and watch a movie you would like to read a review now what is this review it doesn't talk everything about the movie it talks in short about the movie okay you would like to look at who is the director who is the actor actresses and what is the main theme around which the story moves around so and what is the opinion of the people or what is the opinion of the critics so this is movie review so this kind of reading is called skimming the second type of reading is scanning now what is scanning you don't read the entire book as you did in skimming you went from cover to cover but in scanning no it's not covered to cover what you do you search for one particular word or one particular sentence or one particular topic sub topic that is scanning for example you have a word in your mind and you want to find the meaning of the word what do you do with the dictionary will you start searching the word right from the first page of the cover till the last page of the cover no you will directly jump to the alphabetical sequence you will directly jump to the page where the first alphabet is then the page where the second alphabet matches isn't it so that is scanning means you have something in your mind and you try to search exactly that in the book that is scanning suppose you are going into a library and you want a book on a particular sub-topic a small point so you don't read all the books there you particularly look at the content page or glossary page where you can find that particular word if it is available in that book you take the book isn't it that is scanning okay let us go for more examples on scanning the first example here i have on my powerpoint presentation is you search where there is some sequential arrangement or chronological arrangement that is scanning second is for example you are going for a conference an agenda is given to you or a guide conference guide is given to you you directly go and look there the topic of your interest or the speaker of your interest where the speaker is or where is your schedule there at what time it starts what time it ends when is the lunch break something like that so what is in your mind you search only for that that is scanning the third example is airplane or train schedule now what do you do on the railway station when you but the moment you reach there you look for what is the uh train number on which platform it is coming okay where will be the bogie placed you will search only for that information you are not going to read the entire schedule which is put in there you will directly go for the train number the uh the bogie number and what time it is coming which platform it is coming you will be specifically searching for certain details isn't it that is scanning next example phone telephone directory if you want to search for a name what do you do you directly go to the page on which the name the alphabet matches the name matches and then you find that number you don't go from the first page till the last page isn't it so next is the third method extensive reading now what is extensive reading if there is a book on suppose a spy novel what do you do you read each paragraph each page so that you will try to analyze and guess what is happening in that suspense thriller novel isn't it that is extensive reading you'll try to understand everything which is given there okay the best example could be like reading a novel wrong reading tales or reading jokes reading story books reading magazines in which you are interested and reading other form of material in which you are specifically interested suppose you are an automobile engineer and you got a magazine related to automobiles in that if there is specifically you are interested in four wheelers you look for only those articles which are related to formulas and you will read those articles in detail that is called as extensive reading means in detail you read it you try to understand what is given that is extensive reading okay now then what is the fourth method it is intensive reading what is intensive reading you not only try to understand what is given you also try to understand what is not given you try to read between the lines that is intensive reading you try to do a deep analysis of not only what is given but also what is not given so maybe when you are suppose reading some business reports like financial report marketing report some research reports it could be an academic research or it could be a research done for business purposes so all these reports when you read you try to understand what is also not given right next is when you are reading a contract a legal contract you will not only try to understand what is mentioned in the contract you will also try to understand isn't there a dubious meaning in whatever is given in the contract can there be another meaning of what is already given in the contact you will try to understand that that is contract let us go to the next reading comprehension yes when you go for competitive exams when you go for exams related to entrance for post graduation or when you go for exams related to campus placements reading comprehension is one part now in this reading comprehension what you do you will try to not only understand what is given in the passage you will also try to understand what is not given in the passage that may be asked down there in the questions that is intensive reading okay now let me go to suppose you are watching a tv and on the tv screen you will find breaking news and the news strip down there running very fast and you will have to read that fast you will have your speed of reading should match the speed at which the words are running on the screen right so how will you do that you don't read each word you pick up only the keywords and try to understand the meaning of it let us try to understand what is in a newspaper a newspaper any particular news has an headline it has a photo it has a byline then it there is a place line the location then there is a lead paragraph the first paragraph main paragraph which gives the introduction of the headline and then there are body paragraphs which gives more detail about that news and there may be quotations also the most important is don't make any conclusion about the news just by reading the headline because mostly headlines are deceptive they will they are there only to grab your attention and make you read the news that's very important okay so look at this example somehow i was able to get this example from local newspaper marathi newspaper two different newspapers incident is same but they have reported in a two different ways giving two different stories quite interesting isn't it so let me go to the next so that is what i said see incident is that something has happened and how it is reported in the local newspaper they have given different stories so there is a bit of reading tips for you when you are reading first understand why you are reading what is your objective of reading okay what is the reason for reading and once your reason your objective is clear you can decide which method of reading you are going to use whether you are going to use skimming screening extensive or intensive method of reading now here once your objective is clear you should be knowing that many times understanding everything is not important it is important only if it is intensive reading okay or otherwise it is important only if it is reading related to extensive otherwise skimming and scanning you know you don't need to understand everything only pick up important words keywords that's enough to understand what is the entire story all about for example we understand the entire movie story in just one minute of trailer something similar to that you look at only the keywords you will understand the entire story by picking up the keywords the third tip for reading is be selective with respect to what you read what you are reading will be the input to your brain remember this it will be developing your thinking process thought process use a good quality material to read of course the language should be good and the content should be good then only you it will improve not only your verbal skills but also your thought process fourth scan before you dig in before you start reading any material just scan through whether it is useful for you whether it is relevant or it is just going to be a time pass understand that and the next is the reason uh the tip for reading is make a preference order suppose you are going to read a long passage maybe for reading comprehension usually in the exams when we read a long passage we first just scan skim we just go for skimming after skimming what we do we read the question after reading the question and looking into the options then we go for scanning and while scanning we select either only the middle part or the lower part or the upper part of the entire long passage why because we know probably where the answer may be there we will dig deep into it maybe intensive or extensive reading will be done there okay so let us go to the next tip the sixth one we have to read whenever you take up something for reading extensive reading or intensive reading go till the end reach up to the finish line read from tip to toe that is required if it is extensive or intensive this is a must next when you read you have to concentrate what you are reading focus is important if you are going for say multitasking i want to read and also i want to listen to something that's not going to happen okay you will not be able to maintain your attention for a longer period of time you may get distracted and you may not remember what you have read this may happen so focus concentration is very important when it comes to reading point number eight improve your vocabulary this reading tip is like suppose you come across a difficult word a new word remember that word look for its root words look for its pronunciation look for its synonyms and anthony's because something that which comes to you while you are reading in the process of input it is in use it will be useful when you are going to use the same word when you want to speak out or when you want to write about it so whenever you come across new words go for finding root words pronunciation meaning that is synonyms and also antonyms very useful this will improve your vocabulary the last practice practice and practice your reading skills the more you practice you can finish reading so many pages in lesser time if you don't practice your reading speed will be lesser there are people who finish 200 pages 300 pages book in a day or two and there are people who read 10 pages or 20 pages for maybe maybe a month so what is the difference maybe it is reading and comprehending reading and understanding the speed of understanding the speed of reading is not matching it will match only by practice and with this thank you thanks a lot i would request you to like comment subscribe and share this video to others most important my request is please put in the comment box about the queries that you people have the topic which comes to your mind the questions which comes to your mind so that we can make a video on the relevant topics that you are requesting for thank you thanks a lot have a great day