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the presence of particles of very a unit mass or volume of sand improves the workability of concrete mix and makes it denser to determine the particle size distribution of sand we can conduct a sieve test now let's see how this is done if sand has less of finer particles the concrete becomes harsh and does not give good surface finish when worked with trowel the sieve analysis helps in identifying the percentages of different sized particles in a unit mass of sand a representative sample of sand is weighed and saved on a set of sieves ranging from four point seven five millimeter to 150 microns the sieves are arranged in ascending order with the 150 micron sieve at the bottom the sample of sand is placed on the top sieve and the sieves are vigorously shaken for at least two minutes until the different sizes of aggregate completely passes through the successive sieves the aggregate retained on each sieve is weighed to obtain the cumulative percentage retained with respect to the total weight of sample the codes of practice specify a percentage to be retained on each sieve the percentage passing is calculated from the cumulative percentage retained in case of sand not having the required percentage passing through any particular sieve sand from a different source can be mixed to make it qualify for the required gradation sand consisting of different sized particles produces concrete with minimum voids improves its workability and density sand deficient in finer particles results in harsh concrete mix sieve analysis test is used for determining particle size distribution you