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in this lesson we're going to talk about how to write the chemical formulas of ionic compounds now before you do so you need to know the charges of certain ions so let's focus on the elements in Group one like lithium sodium potassium these elements they have one valence electron and so they tend to form +1 charges or cations with positive own charges now in the second column you have the group two elements the alkaline earth metals and these include elements such as calcium magnesium and so forth these elements they form ions with a two plus charge now in the middle you have transition elements which can have variable charges so we're not going to focus on those too much but moving on to group thirteen also known as group 3a you have elements such as aluminum I'm gonna write it over here and this element has a three plus charge and then you have elements like carbon silicon germanium which are found in group 4a and Franek compounds it's rare that you'll see those elements in group 5a you have nitrogen and phosphorus these form negative charges specifically minus three charges and then you have elements like oxygen sulfur selenium these are the Cao agents which form a negative two charge and finally you have the hilla gence like fluoride chloride bromide and iodide and these halogens they form anions with negative one charges and so make sure you understand how to determine the charges of ions for certain elements used in the periodic table because that's going to be important now let's start with our first example let's say if we want to write the chemical formula that corresponds to sodium bromide how can we do so the first thing we need to do is list the ions that are involved here the sodium ion has a positive one charge and the bromide ion it's a Hillah j'en it has a negative one charge so how can we use this information to write the chemical formula of sodium bromide now if the charges are the same in magnitude even though they're opposite in sign so like this is plus 1 this is minus 1 if the charges are the same and these ions will combine in a 1 to 1 ratio so you can simply write them together as an a BR so that's the answer for this example so anytime the magnitude of the charges are the same you could just write the elements together let me give you another example of that so let's say if we want to write the chemical formula for calcium sulfide now the first thing we're going to do is write the the ions so calcium is an element in group 2 so therefore as an ion is going to have a two plus charge sulfide is a chalcogen in group six a so it's going to have a 2 minus charge now notice that the magnitude...