Convert Electronic signature Word Myself

As a startup founder of three years myself, I can relate to how legal housekeeping can be messy. Once a year, I have our own lawyers go through and do an audit of all of our legal paperwork (which costs a couple thousand dollars to be extremely thorough, but it’s worth it). Luckily, there are now many ways to easily manage and track all of your legal, financial, and HR documents via third-party sites that specialize in these management proceedings. I wrote a blog post about this awhile back titled “5 Ways to Save Time Dealing With Documents” which highlights certain sites that can be very beneficial depending on what paperwork you’d like to track or manage. They are as follows:1. GroupDocsGroupDocs is a new, comprehensive online service for document creation and management. It has multiple features, including a viewer for reading documents in your browser, an electronic signature service, an online document converter, a document assembly service, a feature for comparing different versions of a document, and an annotation feature. An individual plan is $10 per month for limited storage and 500 documents, while a group plan for up to 9 people is $19 per user per month. Based on the number of features and pricing, GroupDoc is a good-value purchase for a small business. As you’ll see below, GroupDocs can be cheaper than a service that offers only one such feature.2. signNowWhen you’re closing a deal and need to get documents signed, the last thing you need is a slow turnaround due to fax machine problems or the postal service. The solution is to use an electronic signature service such as signNow, which is one of the most popular e-signature companies in the world. This service allows you to email your documents to the person whose signature you need. Next, the recipient undergoes a simply e-signing process, and then signNow alerts you when the process is completed. Finally, signNow electronically stores the documents, which are accessible at any time. As a result, you can easily track the progress of the signature process and create an audit trail of your documents. The “Professional” plan is recommended for sole proprietors and freelancers, and costs $180 per year ($15 per month) for up to 50 requested signatures per month. The “Workgroup” plan is geared towards teams and businesses, and it costs $240 per user per year ($20 per month per user), for unlimited requested signatures.3. signNowsignNow is another e-signature service. Similar to signNow, signNow allows you to upload a PDF file, MS Word file or web application document. Next, you can edit the document, such as by adding initials boxes or tabs, and then email them out for signatures. Once recipients e-sign the document, signNow notifies you and archives the document. signNow offers low rates for these services: a 1-person annual plan with unlimited document sending costs $11 per month. An annual plan for 10 senders with unlimited document sending costs only $39 per month.4. ExariExari is a document assembly and contract management service that assists in automating high-volume business documents, such as sales agreements or NDAs. First, the document assembly service allows authors to create automated document templates. No technical knowledge is required; most authors are business analysts and lawyers. Authors have a variety of options for customizing documents, such as fill-in-the-blank fields, optional clauses, and dynamic updating of topic headings. They also can add questions that the end user must answer. Once you send out the document, the user answers the questionnaire, and Exari uses that data to customize the document. Next, the contract management feature allows you to store and track both the templates and the signed documents. Pricing is based on the size and scope of your planned implementation, so visit their website for more information.5. FillanyPDFIt’s a hassle having to print out PDF forms in order to complete them. Fortunately, FillanyPDF is a service that allows you to edit, fill out and send any PDFs, while entirely online. This “Fill & Sign” plan costs $5 per month, or $50 per year. If you subscribe to the “Professional” plan, you can also create fillable PDFs using your own documents. With this service, any PDF, JPG or GIF file becomes fillable when you upload it to the site. You can modify a form using white-out, redaction and drawing tools. Then, you can email a link to your users, who can fill out and e-sign your form on the website. FillanyPDF also allows you to track who filled out your forms, and no downloads are necessary to access these services.  The “Professional” plan costs $49 per month, or $490 per year.Switching firms can be a hassle. As a former startup attorney, I have a bit of advice about finding the right attorney for your business: it’s best to focus on the specific attorney you’ll be working with. He or she should have a solid understanding of the ins and outs of your business industry, a deep knowledge of the legal issues your startup may face, and previous work experience with startups to ensure a quality and efficient work product. This is absolutely key when matching our startup clients at UpCounsel to attorneys on our platform who can perform their legal work and hash out their legal projects in a timely manner. We also allow clients to store any and all of their legal documents directly on UpCounsel so they don’t have to go searching in alternative places for the correct paperwork. It’s proven to be a free and lightweight way to store legal documents that our clients love. Here's what it looks like:As I’ve mentioned, it’s more important to find the right attorney as opposed to the right law firm. And seeing as you’re a startup, our own startup clients typically save an average of 50-60% on their legal work, since the attorneys don't include overhead fees (a.k.a. the fees included for doing business with the firm itself) in their invoices.Hope this gives you a deeper look into what other sites and services are out there. If you have any questions or would like more information on how best to handle your legal housekeeping/ attorney matters, feel free to signNow out to me directly. As a former startup attorney at Latham & Watkins, I’d be happy to give you some guidance.

Let me inject my little humble experience with the Nationalist military—no exactly answering your question, but may provide some insight to the Nationalist government’s downfall.The Nationalist government withdrew to Taiwan in 1949, telling its own people that it was a temporary tactical maneuver and that we would soon counter-attack and retake the homeland. I was brought up in such belief. In all honesty, that was the only belief around—or rather, allowed.In 1967, 18 years after the KMT-CCP civil war, like all my contemporaries at the time, I began my military service as a platoon leader in the Marine Corps right after college (sort of ROTC-like officer in the US). When I first reported to my company with much apprehension, I felt no welcome—or rather, I was made to feel like an outsider. Without saying a word, a master sergeant handed me my uniform and placed my civilian clothing in a bag. I noticed he never bothered to solute, as I was made extremely conscious that respecting rank was an utmost important way to keep the military discipline, regardless personal feelings toward the person who happens to out-rank you. I sort tried to understand how a fifty-some-year-old master sergeant would feel when he had to salute to a young kid thirty years his junior, but, again, I did not invent the rules.I was shown to my tiny officer quarter. The place was already occupied by another officer and he grudgingly cleared out the upper bunk bed for me to crawl in. I considered myself lucky: comparing it to the open double-deck sleeping arrangement during my boot-camp days, it is a private mansion.On the same evening, I saw my platoon the first time. An unhappy—very very unhappy indeed— old sergeant named Li who had acted as the substitute platoon leader rudely summoned the thirty-some skeptically looking young conscripts and reluctantly transferred his command to me. I knew even then from the looks of the young troopers that the old fellow Li would not give up his power without a fight. I kept my posture and introduced myself briefly to the troopers and told the sergeant to dismiss the squad and let the guys rest early. Soon after I turned my back I heard the old sergeant begin barking at the conscripts and kept rambling, shouting out a long tirade about discipline, honor, and duties, which I considered completely irrelevant. I was torn between stopping him from the nonsense volley for the sake of the troopers and keeping the protocol which gave him the prerogatives as a sergeant to bark on. I backed off from the direct confrontation with Li, not a pleasant first day in the service.No sooner did I report to duty than the company was given the order to march out with full gear, with the M2 for foot soldiers, a carbine for sergeants and the .45 caliber pistol for officers. I never shot a 45 pistol but it felt good, I had to admit. We were not told where to go, or what to do or what to expect. I overheard the soldiers mumbling that since no live ammunition was dispensed so that must be good, meaning at best just an exercise of some sort, unlike two years before when live ammunition was dispensed and with all communications with outside cut off did they all break out in tears, realizing something bad was going to happen. Fortunately, I was later told, the mission was scuttled as the first ships entering Xiamen Harbor was intercepted and the entire crew was captured.We marched for hours to get on a gigantic transport ship in ZhoYin. That was quite a sight to behold: hundred and hundred of us jammed on every single square inch on deck, and the loud growling landing ships (LTV) belched heavy diesel fumes rammed into the lower deck. Soon we set sail. It was a calm but queer night; overhead, the Milky Way easily fit into your hands as the transporter was kept intentionally in the pitch darkness. Soon its swaying motions started to its tolls on the conscripts: many began to vomit, and understandably, all toilets soon turned into hell.That was a sleepless night for the most of us, and as the shimmering dawn came we could slowly make out the silhouette of the coastline. Yes, the land! No more sea sickness! The alarm sound could not come a better time as the navy guys come on deck to collect and shove us exhausted marines to the LTVs below. But the sea wasn’t as kind and the surfs were punishing. With propeller-powered bomber roaring above and the iron “water ducklings” humming in all directions, you don’t need to be told that one misstep and you are doomed. Yes, it was like a war game, but somehow I reminded myself that we were all in uniform and if the war did come, we are the most sought-after targets.The LTV ride was proven too short; soon the reality hit home: what happens after we land—this can’t be just a Disneyland ride?No one ever briefed me on the maneuver, nor did anyone bother to inform me of the exercise plan, and here I wore the badge of the platoon leader and I had not even got a map! Could the old sergeant Li keep away the info from me? Before I could collect all my thoughts, we were shoved out of the landing craft by the navy guys. Suddenly, I found myself sinking into the wet sand with twenty-some pairs of eyes looking straight at me for further orders. In front of me was a steep hill covered with thorny bushes, above me was the glaring sun, at the corner of my eyes were a group of mean-looking inspecting colonels and majors dripping white foams at the mouths. I couldn’t hear what they were yelling but my instinct told me that something does not bode well and it would be a foolish attempt trying to carry out a civilized dialogue with these people. So I instantly barked out and took my troopers to run away from the mean-looking convoy, yes, all the way deep into the hills—where no one could get us.Once in a while, I have nightmares over this incident. Clearly, that was an absolutely unprofessional way of handling a military maneuver. I cannot imagine what if that were a real military exercise any the junior officer was not even given a minimum instruction, map, schedule, or destination of the mission and the point of rendezvous. I hardly knew any of these young conscripts in my platoon, let alone the constant usurper Li. They could just easily skewer me on the rack, hang me out to dry, or push accidentally send me down to the hillside?This was in 1967. I can only guess the situation had to be ten times worse then during the Chinese Civil War.Anyway, we were drifting from hill to hill, avoiding the inspecting convoy; occasionally we met other groups who were just at a loss as we were. Loss of sleep and hunger began to take a grip on us and thirst became unbearable thanks to the unrelenting sun. I told the troopers to recuperate in the shade, waiting for instructions over the radio. The old US-made radio, a leftover from the WWII era. cracked and squealed out sporadic firecracker sounds and decided to die suddenly. The communication soldier tried desperately to resuscitate the machine by cranking the handle incessantly, but to no avail. So radio dead on all fronts, none from the company, the battalion or the regiment. We were alone!I figure that at the time, 18 years after the Chinese Civil War, hardly any one in Taiwan had any experience with anything mechanical or electronic in nature, driving was a luxury, and electronic communications were nonexistent. I could only imagine what was like 18 years before then.Lunchtime has elapsed, still no instructions of any sort from anywhere. It was near 1;30 pm came the vociferated fiery furies from the the loudspeakers by the regiment commander who few had ever met; “You can come out now, you useless cowardly bunch. You can now get off the mountains and have your lunch. Remember, if this were a real war, you would be all be dead by now.” Thank you, commander, for the encouraging words, and thank you for the lunch because we really need it. Note: this was in 1967 during peace time; how could the the similar scenario turned out 18 years ago when supplies in dire deficiency, morale low, and corruption was rampant? Did many have to kill one another for food, and drink one another’s blood to quench the thirst?Despondent and injured, I collected myself and took my platoon down the mountain paths where we met many other equally dispirited groups. In the fleeting exchanges of silent glimpse we secured the minimal pride we each sought for: no, we are no coward, we are simply the victims of the circumstances. My platoon was not reprimanded for getting lost in the exercise; the likely reason may be every single platoon, every single company was lost in the landing chaos. Of course, lunch was not meant to reward us cowards and us the fainted-heart, the regiment commander kept up with his bombastic delivery: “ You think you deserve the meal? No, you’re wrong, no one owes you the meal. You left a shameful mark on the regiment’s proud record by acting like a bunch of imbeciles. To make sure you remember your ineptness, you will begin your forced march right after lunch. For those who think they deserve a regular afternoon nap, well, you are wrong. You will march on, and you will retrospect on what you had done while you are marching. “Our fearless commander’s remonstrance clearly felt on deafears: most reaction to it was —well, damn, not even a nap! The forced march did not go well indeed as the already-exhausted troopers struggled to carry the heavy M2 rifle, the light machine gun and bipod, or the 60-mm motor component and marched in the searing heat and the murderous humidity. The first to drop out of march was Sergeant Li, and Li and other old sergeants were picked up by the supply trucks and piled up like corpses. Finally, I had my entire platoon back as all the old sergeants were gone. But the worse just began to unfold: a typhoon started unleashing its might with lashing thunders and pouring rain. A machines gun carriers felt and vomited in convulsion. I stopped to check on him but was stopped by the MP with a deadpan look in his face that the march could not be interrupted by one fallen man. The downpour seemed to produce a bizarre and hypnotic effect on me: in trying to block off the bewailing drench and gnawing fatigue, the mind began to retrograde to some of the most esoteric questions I had considered in life: “should Lady Chatterley’s lover be blamed for her decadence”, ‘why did I get such a thrill reading a banned like this?”, ‘was Freud serious when he spoke of women’s penis envy”, ‘how the homo sapiens species came to be so much alike”, or “are love, procreation, and testosterone the same thing?” Somehow, they kept my mind occupied, and kept the seemingly surreal world away from my desperately needed sanity. Was that a self-defense mechanism in full swing? i would never know.That was a long march alright. After the drench came the sweltering sun. many troopers resorted to replenish their empty canteen with water from the rice paddies. I thought about the parasites in the water but was helpless in providing alternatives. Finally we settled into an elementary school before midnight. The school field was flooded but our order was the same: set up the tent for the night. Surely the troopers set up their tents in the soggy field but all chose to collapse on the hallway, and slept in every dry corner of the school. Surely I needn’t mention the fouls from the school’s overflown toilets.The school was still on summer break so we spent a week to recuperate. On the second evening I sensed some disturbance by an unusual gathering of men in a shadowed corner of the school. in the dim light I made my way to the front of the muted and intense crowd, where I saw a scene has haunted me up to this date— a gasping conscript with a contorted face in a push-up position, heaving himself desperately away from an upward pointing dagger planted directly below his abdomen, his vein swollen, his body dripping with bead-size perspiration, and all these under a gleeful eye of an old sergeant. Someone murmured out an expletive…,”Just because he refused to obey the old guy’s order?” Another echoed with an F-word…” I will kill the old SOB when the right time comes.” Others remained hushed—there might be ears among us?On the second evening, I was drawn to a small crowd that gathered around a small windowless hut that was used as a makeshift toilet. Apparently, the toilet was locked from outside. An old sergeant appeared and ordered the door be unlocked. Soon a barely wiggled body was dragged out, obviously poisoned by the foul fumes. His unconscious body was quickly carried away by his comrades and again came the hateful murmurs among the crowd. I was struggling with my conscience on just what I had to do without “rocking the boat’ of strict discipline. I conjured up a plan, and I knew it was risky. I had no friends in this god-forsaken place, and as a junior officer, I had no voice. Tormented constantly by my inaction, I decided to take a reasonable rick to change the intolerable cruelty of abuse in the name of discipline. Thanks to the Sherlock Holmes stories I read as a child, I painstakingly scribbled on the back of an ordinary white wrapping paper with my left hand: “Stop turning a blind eye on the illegal physical abuse on the conscripts or else….” Carefully I wiped off any possible finger prints and slipped the note under the doors of the regiment’s political commissar. The abuse did abate for a while and I did not know whether that was due to my doing.it is a common knowledge that the old sergeants were drafted against their wills when the KMT government fought against the CCP in 1940’s. Most of them are illiterate and consequently it was unlikely they could eke out a living outside of the military compound, especially none could utter a word of the local dialect, the Taiwanese. The company commander was one of the very few who could read and hence managed to rise to the rank of major. Understandably he resented the intrusion by the first college-graduated officer assigned to HIS company, me, guardedly, if not with disdain. The uneasiness manifested itself from time to time, and I guessed that it must be killing him to have to constrain himself in dealing with my first request for leave: “ What the FXXX, you need to take a leave for taking the GRE exam?”, “What the Fxxx is GRE? And why do I have to approve it? “,”So you have the approval paper deemed by the DOD , then what the Fxxx do you want me to sign this damn leave paper?” Of course, he did not know, the GRE request was only the beginning of my many many requests to come, then the TOEFL, then the DoE’ overseas-study qualification exam…. I felt sorry for the old man as his turf was trampled over by an young officer who aspires nothing less than seeing the world, abandoning his sacred duty of counterattacking the mainland. The sorry-old commander punctually disappeared for two days after the payday. I heard through the grapevine that he was a regular of a brothel in Kaohsiung City. That did not surprise me as most old sergeants would disappear in synchrony with the payday. Once the old commander was forced to stay put due to some unscheduled inspection exercise. The entire company fell into the victim of his unsettling wrath. He ranted incoherently for hours, blaming everyone for everything under the sun. In the midst of lunch, he rose suddenly, baring his teeth—everyone froze— dramatically he held up his rice bowl and trashed it on the ground. “What the Fxxx is this, you called this food?, “Get me the hands in the kitchen and have them report to me immediately….yes, at right this moment!” And he looked at me in a strange frown, I guess that meant either “life would be so good without you being in my sight” or “go take a hike, can’t you see I am still the reining king here?” I did not finish my meal either, not because of the food. I did not know what valuable service I offered to my country…or I did so by simply being a nuisance in a changing world?Among all the capriciousness came a handful of personal triumphs and a few bitter-sweet moments. Slowly and steadily, I won the trust of my young conscripts most who could neither read nor write. I became their only means to communicate with their loved ones back home: by writing some of the most intimate letters in life: “Dear A-lien, I can not come home this weekend because it takes five hours to travel one way, and the buses are often jammed. please go to my home and make sure my parents know I am okay here.”, ‘Dear Mom, this is your son Way-Ho. We now station in Che-Chen, a small town in Pin-Dong County, a hard-to-get-to place. So I don’t think I can get home until the Chinese New Year Break. Please take good care of yourself, and wait until I return to plow the field.” “Dear A-Mi, how are you. I think of you often. Did I tell you we have a new platoon leader? He is a nice man and he offers to write this letter for me. I am thinking to invite him over to our wedding the next year. Oh, did I tell you he is a college graduate? He also doubles up as our marching song teacher at the request of the political commissar from the headquarters. Also, because he was so good at many things, he began to teach us the Chiang Kai-Shek ‘s speeches as well, and he is very good at it, and he often makes us laugh.”, “Dear father, with great respect from your son, I am serving my military duty, and I follow the orders of my superiors as you always told me. Last time you said you had a backache, I hope you feel better now. do worry about the chicken flu. Just salt them first and sell them in the market. If you charge less, people will buy it no matter what. Oh, we won the military marching song contest last week, thanks to our new platoon leader who taught us how to beat our competitors; by singing as loud as possible, showing the spirit, never mind the tones, he said….”One quiet Sunday afternoon, I had an unexpected visitor: the old sergeant Li who tried to usurp my authority as the platoon leader. It was the first time he looked so respectful and subdued. I asked him to come into my tiny quarter and offered him the only chair in the room and some water. “Can I help you?” I asked of him. He began to blush and stammered, “I was wondering, Sir, if you can do me a big big favor?” I immediately sensed it must be something extraordinary but I held back my anxiousness less he should back away from talking. “You see, Sir, I left my home in Sun-Dong for twenty-some years and I have always worried about my families back home.” He paused and took a calibration on my reaction to decide whether he should continue his delivery. I knew exactly what he was about to say; back then, anyone suspected to have communicated with the mainland Chinese can be rounded up as a communist spy or sympathizer and can be punished by death. No small matter, this man is trusting his entire life on me. He went on and begged me to write a letter on his behave, telling his families that he is alive and well. “I heard that you are going to America in a few months. When you get there, would you please mail this letter to this address in China for me. Oh, I have managed to save up some money for this date. Please convert it to the US money and sent it to them? It’s not much, but that’s all I have.” His voice turned hoarse and his face buried under his weathered hands. He insisted I took his money and before he left he hesitated for a couple of seconds before he uttered the final words between us: “I wish to tell you how sorry I am when you first came. I don’t deserve to hope to see you again.”A few days before my discharge, I was summoned to the political commissar’s office in the regiment’s headquarters. “Lieutenant Yang, come in.” he was a lanky fellow in his late fifties, with a hawkish look and a easy disparaging smile. “ I have looked over your service record and found blemishes that can easily stop you from getting a passport for studying abroad, you know what I meant? ” I stood in attention and desperately stayed calm, knowing this man alone could derail my entire aspiration to see the world, especially the big world outside of this tiny island. “No, Sir, I thought I had helped to teach political courses and our regiment scores high on the tests.”. He smiled broadly and said, “Now stop beat around the bush; I know you are smarter than that, and I am not just talking about your lukewarm attitude toward slogan chanting during the morning roll calls either.” “Sir, I can explain….” He waived to shut me up and officiated his verdict,”Indeed, your contribution to elevating our regiment’s test score by two notches makes you a net contributor to the military, and I congratulate you for earning your honorary discharge. Just sign your name here and you will be a civilian in no time.”I was a bit startled by the need for enacting such episode, but I still signed in earnest, hoping I never have to see him ever again. But I was wrong; he took his time checking my signature and glared at me dispassionately, “Lieutenant Yang, you have a smart handwriting indeed.” before I collected my self in disbelief , he pulled out his drawer and handed me a piece of white wrapping paper, “ I think this paper should go back to its rightful owner.” It was his final words. And yes, that was the paper I wrote with my left hand. Yes, the ink of my fountain pen gave it away, which Sherlock Holmes never taught me. Still, the old man is cool.Why do I write this story, and is there any relevance to the question of what would happen if the nationalists won the civil war? My answer is; never mind the question. Let the past die! KILL IT if you have to. ” (copyright disclaimer—Star War)Many Many innocent Chinese died; many many families dispersed, many many lives were wasted during the Chinese civil conflicts. Do not glorify the overly fabricated history. Learn from the past we know and look ahead, never make the same mistakes again.

You have plenty of choices for IDE(Integrated Development Environment) when it comes to Web Development. To edit any HTML, CSS and JavaScript file, any simple plain text editor will work. However using a better IDE allows you to enhance your work flows and reduce the efforts of writing every single line of codes.There are many paid IDEs for web developers which have lots of features that can ease the efforts of writing and debugging codes for developers. Some popular paid IDEs are signNow Dreamweaver, UltraEdit, CoffeeCup, and many more. However, not everyone can afford to pay for such IDEs. Thanks to Open Source that are many free IDEs and code editors available that you can use to develop a website or web apps.Since there are lots of free IDE’s available, you might be confused to choose one. In this article, I will discuss 10 best and free IDE for web development in my opinion. These IDE’s will allow you to write code more efficiently with less time, easily debug your codes, preview and test your website and website.Below is the list of 10 best IDE for Web Development:1. Notepad++Flatform: WindowsNotepad++ is a free source code editor and Notepad replacement that supports several languages. Running in the MS Windows environment, its use is governed by GPL License.Based on the powerful editing component Scintilla, Notepad++ is written in C++ and uses pure Win32 API and STL which ensures a higher execution speed and smaller program size. By optimizing as many routines as possible without losing user friendliness, Notepad++ is trying to reduce the world carbon dioxide emissions. When using less CPU power, the PC can throttle down and reduce power consumption, resulting in a greener environment.Some Features of Notepad++ are:Syntax Highlighting and Syntax FoldingUser Defined Syntax Highlighting and FoldingPCRE (Perl Compatible Regular Expression) Search/ReplaceGUI entirely customizable: minimalist, tab with close button, multi-line tab, vertical tab and vertical document listDocument MapAuto-completion: Word completion, Function completion and Function parameters hintMulti-Document (Tab interface)Multi-ViewWYSIWYG (Printing)Zoom in and zoom outMulti-Language environment supportedBookmarkMacro recording and playbackLaunch with different argumentsVisit Official Site | Download Notepad++2. BracketsFlatform: Windows/ OS X/ LinuxBrackets is another free and open source editor from signNow. Brackets is a modern open-source code editor for HTML, CSS and JavaScript that’s built in HTML, CSS and JavaScript. It also includes Live Preview features and Preprocessor supports due to which it’s more popular nowadays.You get a real-time connection to your browser. When you make changes to CSS and HTML and you’ll instantly see those changes on screen. Also see where your CSS selector is being applied in the browser by simply putting your cursor on it. It’s the power of a code editor with the convenience of in-browser dev tools.Visit Official Site | Download Brackets3. Sublime TextFlatform: Windows/ Linux / OS XSublime Text is a proprietary cross-platform source code editor with a Python application programming interface (API). It natively supports many programming languages and markup languages, and its functionality can be extended by users with plugins, typically community-built and maintained under free-software licenses.Some of the features of Sublime Text are:Column selection and multi-select editingAuto completionSyntax highlight and high contrast displayIn-editor code buildingSnippetsAuto-save, which attempts to prevents users from losing their workCustomizable key bindings, a navigational tool which allows users to assign hotkeys to their choice of options in both the menus and the toolbar.Spell check function corrects as you type.A wide selection of editing commands, including indenting and unindenting, paragraph reformatting and line joining.Visit Official Site | Download Sublime Text4. RJ TextEdFlatform: WindowsRJ TextEd is a full featured text and source editor with Unicode support. It is also a very powerful web (PHP, ASP, JavaScript, HTML and CSS) development editor. The functionality extends beyond text files and includes support for CSS/HTML editing with integrated CSS/HTML preview, spell checking, auto completion, HTML validation, templates and more. The program also has a dual pane file commander, as well as a (S)FTP client to upload your files.Some of the features of this IDE are:Auto-completionCode folding.Column modeMulti edit and multi selectDocument mapAnnotation barAdvanced sortingHandles both ASCII and binary filesCSS and HTML wizardsHighlighting of colors in CSS/SASS/LESSAdvanced color hints that can convert between color formatsDockable panelsFTP and SFTP client with synchronizationFile explorer, text clips, code explorer, project manager…Convert between code pages, Unicode formats and text formatsUnicode and ANSI code page detectionOpen/Save UTF-8 encoded files without a signature (BOM)Unicode file paths and file namesHTML validation, format, and repairTools available like syntax editor, color picker, char mapVisit Official Site | Download RJ TextEd5. AtomFlatform: Windows / OS X / LinuxAtom is a text editor that’s modern, approachable, yet hackable to the core, that means that you can customize to do anything but also use productively without ever touching a config file. Download, install and start using it !Atom has a built-in package manager, search for and install new packages or start creating your own all from within Atom. Atom comes pre-installed with four UI and eight syntax themes in both dark and light colors. If you can’t find what you’re looking for, you can also install themes created by the Atom community or create your own.Atom is a desktop application built with HTML, JavaScript, CSS, and Node.js integration. It runs on Electron, a framework for building cross platform apps using web technologies.Some of the features of Atom are:Cross-platform editingBuilt-in package managerSmart autocompletionFile system browserMultiple panesEasy to find and replaceVisit Official Website | Download Atom6. Light TableFlatform: Windows / OS X / LinuxLight Table claims it to be the next generation code editor. It is an integrated development environment for software engineering developed by Chris Granger and Robert Attorri. It features real-time feedback allowing instant execution, debugging and access to documentation.The instant feedback provides an unusual execution environment intended to help developing abstractions.The development team attempted to create a program which shows the programmer what the effects of their additions are in real-time, rather than requiring them to work out the effects as they write the code. Though the program began by only supporting Clojure, it has since aimed to support Python and JavaScript due to their popularity.The developers claim that the software can reduce programming time by up to 20%.It was financed by a Kickstarter fundraising campaign and subsequently backed by Y Combinator.The Kickstarter campaign aimed to raise $200,000 USD and finished with $316,720 USD.Some of the features of Light Table are:Connects you to your creation with instant feedback and showing data values flow through your codeEasily customizable from keybinds to extensions to be completely tailored to your specific projectEmbed anything you want, from graphs to games to running visualizationsAn elegant, lightweight, beautifully designed layout so your IDE is no longer clutteredEverything from eval and debugging to a fuzzy finder for files and commands to fit seamlessly into your workflowVisit Official Website | Download Light Table7. 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SHEROGAR KSHATRIYASA DRAUGHT COMPENDIUMCompiled byAdv. S.N.NaikB.SC Dip.S.F.R.C. LLMMANOGATThe modern advent of technology has made it possible to access of knowledge as well as transmission of knowledge. A click of the mouse and you have a description of the material you need on the screen. Similarly, you can transmit your expertise to the public on the other side of the screen. India is a multicast and multicultured demographic country. Almost all castes and communities have displayed their origin, language, history, achievements and struggle for survival on the internet so that the next generation can know their roots. But the sherogar community does not have such a scripture or literature on display either in print format or on an electronic screen. Hence a humble effort is made through this compendium.At the outset let me announce that we are sherogar kshatriyas of Rajasthan origin! And not sherugars nor serugars nor saregars nor saraygars (toddy tappers) nor sheregars, nor servegars nor kotegar bedagus! The term sherugar is a morphed form in Kannada. The Sherogar is not the synonym to any of these clans. It is similar in phonetic pronunciation but not a synonym. We are not Ramkshatriyas. The purpose of this compendium is an attempt to signNow to the root of sherogars and to distinguish it from servegars. Though I have a concern about the goings-on, my aim is to put my views before this generation. It is for them to take a call and use prudence.There are different arguments on the Konkani origin. Maharashtrian writers hold that it is an offshoot of Marathi while the Konkani refutes it. It is true that konkani is not having a script. Does this mean it is an offshoot of Marathi? Hence I thought of spending some time on this topic. As I went on collecting the excerpts from reference books of various linguistic historians, the origin started to narrow down to a thin line. I have discussed this in chapter Konkani Language. The Konkani existed distinctly in 3 regions a) Gujrati Konkani, b) Marathi Konkani and c) Gomantaki Konkani. The linguistic survey of India adds Karwari Konkani into this list. But I consider this as a recent offshoot of Gomantaki, because all the Konkani population of Karwar viz, goud saraswats, sonaras, sherogars, avdes, etc. were from Goa or resided there for some centuries. Dr.Katre, Borkar and Shenvi Goenba chose to maintain that Konkani is an independent dialect while Kalelkar and Dr.Bhandarkar held it to be an offshoot of Marathi giving examples of chitpavni and Koli dialects.At this stage, I realized that linguists have done substantial work on this topic and there was no one view. This was the end of my search. However, I stumbled upon a dialect, called Ladi spoken in south Rajasthan or say North-Gujrath around the 6-7th century period. In that, a complete sentence was similar to Konkani. “Koni ek manual don pora hote.” The phrase Koni Ek manusak exists only in the Konkani dialect. Therefore I persisted with the topic, searched for the people who spoke this language and finally located them to be Lads of south-Gujrath; whose language chaurasi similar to ladi. Tribes and Castes of Bombay by Enthoven and Maisur Tribes and Castes by Anantkrishna Aiyer also dealt with lads wherein they record that lads came from Rajasthan; they wear the sacred thread and claimed to be kshatriyas. This was in the 13th-14th century. The SHEROGARS were a subgroup in lad people, among 9 sects which indicates our history precedes Goa.On or around the same time, while surfing on my mobile internet, I clicked for sherogar, there popped – up Ramkshatriya. On perusal of texts. The blogger concluded that Sherogars, Servegars and Kotegars to be the same and advised the sherogars to use servegar for caste and Rao, Nayak and Kotegar for surnames. It was a shock that a sect of almost 1500 years old history or existence gets extinct to merge with a questionable (Kannada mother tongue) and confusing (Servergaran a Tamil word) caste. It can be noticed that many inter-marriages (exogamous) have taken place. I am not concerned with it but with the Konkani kshatriyas existence as sherogar, though the roti – beti interaction between these two septs probably with the obsession for fame and political power on a piggyback ride was motive. True, they are royalties and captains but as per Tamil chervai (servai).In order to distinguish the servegars and sherogars, it is appropriate to go to the root of the origin of kshatriya, ethnology, anthropology, ruling dynasty, the Vedic varnas, foreign raids, displacement, emigration, and resettlement with the aid of literature listed in references acknowledgment. In the basement of both recorded facts and my personal knowledge of various tribes and castes, during my stint in forest academy and department, I have tried to distinguish both the sects with an open mind and without any bias.Firstly, sherogar home tounge. In spite of migrating from Goa and rehabilitation in the Kannada region, they, like goud saraswats, sonars and gavdes have distinct Konkani dialect without Marathi tinge. This is possible only when, women folk with whom you set-up home are of your own sect. If the marriage is between the couple with different home tongue, the woman inculcates her language and culture into the next generation. Sherogar language and culture are intact. This shows that sherogars migrated with family folks and did not settle down. with local Kannad women. Had this been case they would have lost out on language.Secondly, the sherogars are lads i.e. people of the lad (south-Gujrat-Surat) who in turn migrated from Rajasthan. There were 9 subdivisions in Lad group, sherogars being one of them. They were endogamous, did not intermarry. In Rajasthan all were kshatriyas; why they migrated is not recorded. But lad or latyayani brahmins came to Surat at about the same time on account of musalman raids and oppression for conversion. Maybe this is the cause for lads as well. There were about 97 Khatik (Muslims) converts grouped with lad people. Inspite of conversion they stayed on with their ancestral cousins, till their flight from lad region; on account of Great Durga Devi famine for 15 years from 1394 to 1408. This feminine is described in Bharatiya Sanskriti Kosh, and Kshatriyancha ltihas by Kashinath Deshmukh’s book,“Durgadevi Dushkal” (Translated from Marathi) “It occurred in N. India in 1393 for 15 years. The sunlight heat was scorching the earth; people and animals died, plants and forests dried. Money could not buy scarce grains; the country became desert, people started moving out leaving the old even wife and children. Added to this was the cruelty of Muslim rulers; whereabouts of relatives were not known and forgotten. Were not in a position of resettlement (page 212-213). One shudders to visualize the sherogars undergoing such a plight but still managed to survive the adverse famine. South of mount Abu was a city Brahmakhetak. It was ruled by one Venuvatsa. He lost his kingdom and religion due to this famine and Muslim raids He explained his position to a saint and says “We are all Kshatriyas, we were ruling lad country. Because of akaal (famine), we have lost the kshatriyatva and are in the trading (Vaisya) profession. Therefore please accept priesthood of our kshatriya clan.” There was also a second famine in south Konkan i.e Ratnagiri district from 1468 to 1475. In both, these famine Lads migrated to southern Maratha Country including Goa. And this is sherogars location to Goa; possibly the goud sarasvats along the way.Thirdly the condition and position of sherogars after settling down in Goa are unknown or obscure. The reason being the historical records and religious books were burnt by Portuguese in the 16th century to encourage the spread of catholic religion and Portuguese language and also they considered Hindu, not a religion They burnt Hindu scriptures.Fourthly, any caste name suggests a certain meaning. What is meant by sherogar? What is shero? There is no word in Marathi or Kannada. Hence we do not relate to Marathi or Kannada. In Gomantaki konkani a word shero is used to endorse with signature. But Konkani is a dialect without a script. I further searched for the word in the Gujarathi dictionary as Sherogars resided in south Gujrat as Laad sub-division. The answer was there shero and sero both word defined as a same ie endorsement: (indorsement) the head, the front row of an army But sherogar was not defined. Sherogar means endorsement or remark maker ie writer since the other meaning is headly connoting sher, the leader. It can be safely assumed that sherogar is the leader of writers, an officer. The British have attributed ‘Messenger’ as their designation. The sherogars must have been a superior writer in Gujrat after their translocation from Rajasthan. But further migration down southward did not allow them to retain this profession as, along the north Konkan coast the kokanastha and Kayastha Prabhu (ckp) and down Sawantwadi and Goa shenvis, and sarasvats were already in this occupation and their lobby did not allow newcomers. Therefore the sherogars must have taken up messengering of various types discussed separately for a living. But in spite of such adversary, their quality of possessing landed property, leadership over other sects of people, and Vedic cultural way of living firmly establish their kshatriya origin.Fifthly, sherogars are sporadically spread in Mirjan, Honavar, and Haldipur which may be the earliest immigrant settlement. In all the three places, sherogars have caste temples, apart from Gaon Devi (Amma) temples. This is a bounden duty of kshatriyas, for which the brahmins asked Brahma to grant them protectors, upon which Lord Brahma created the kshatriya from his arms and shoulders. They became rajas and their sons became Rajputs. Please note this ‘put’ is exclusively found in the Konkani dialect which again points to the assumption that Konkani existed during the Vedic period as a dialect. Coming back to the temple topic, these three temples connect to Vaishnav sect as Laxminarayan and Mahalaxmi, the divine concubine of Lord Vishnu. Though goud saraswats are a staunch vaishnavs and numerous, they have only one Laxminarayan temple at Hanumotte in Ankola. The true quality of Kshatriya is to protect religion i.e. Veda and brahmin.Sixthly, the origin of the Vaishnava sect first came up at Gujarat, the original sherogar land Lad region. Vallabhacharya in the 11th century founded the Vaishnav sect and Madhavacharya subsequently propagated it. The sherogars were pure Vaishnavs before migrating Goa. Observance of Kuldevi custom with goud saraswats and sonars is also an indicator; because of havik priests' influence, the sherogars have adopted saiva.Seventhly, the sherogar habitat came up at Mirjan, Haldipur, and Honavar? The Wikipedia blog harps that sheregars and kotegars came from Goa as fort watchmen at Bilagi and Bednur. If sherogars came as soldier boys and did the sentry duty on a whole-time basis, there is no evidence of it. Soldiers do not take women and children while on duty. Nor, are there any armory like a sword, bow, and arrows, bhala the spear and other instruments being displayed on at least dassera day for worship, expect muzzle loading throwers (guns) which seem to be licensed to protect paddy field from wild boars. Sherogars were forced to migrate on account of religious oppression by Portuguese missionaries. Except for Shivaji Maharaja, other rulers including peshwas turned a blind eye. There was a second migration on trade along with goud saraswats who had by this time established a good rapport with Portuguese. These second-generation emigrants settled down nearer to Aghanashini and Sharavati river basin, added landed estates. They prospered whereas, the original migrants who were subjected to the cruelty of Hyder and Tipu who burnt both Mirjan and Honavar twice reducing the population to nearly extinct, got barren (pad Zameen) land which was deserted by original holders as the land tax was heavy.On the one hand, we display our Kshatriya connection and on the other demand the quota of reservation. The entire country is backward and developing In olden days nobody desired freebies. The kshatriyas being the ancient ruling class, it is an insult to beg for reservation. Kshatriya does not ask for but claims on kartatva merit. I have records that some meritorious individuals used the forged backward caste certificate to get the jobs and were thrown out after verification. A shame! Our fellow emigrant's sonars and goud saraswats have come up educationally and economically not on a piggy-back ride but on self-reliance. Most of the sherogars were small-time husbandmen with little agri-land, a few cows and bullocks, fowls, a small coconut grove and a decent house. They were self-sufficient following a bartering system of business i.e labor was paid in grains; the carpenter, coppersmith barber, and even fishers were paid on a yearly basis in grains. Able, sincere, and hardworking; at the same time adhering to Vedic way of life. There are a lot of distressed castes & tribes who deserve these reservations more than we do.Now a little about Bombay Yuvak Seva Sangh, I am not a registered member of the Sangh. However, I was one among three in 1980 to revive its activity after 16 years of slumber. One of these three was always concerned that the defunct sangh be revived. He used to express whenever caste dialogue came up and would speak of organizing pooja: During 1981 when I was in Thane office, on one such dialogue I suggested that let three of us proceed with the pooja which on those days would cost Rs 2500 – 3000 and I supplied printed invitation pamphlets, with the help of one of my printer acquaintance. This is not to hark upon the inaugural puja. But to lodge subsequent events. In 1981 a sherogar youth from Honavar was found on Thane railway station dead. A post-graduate, he was looking for a job, was not having residential arrangement. The police conveyed it to my office. Consequent to this incident, I suggested that a small chawl flat which is affordable be purchased at Dombivli, for eventualities like these. The havyaks have it. The suggestion was not given a thought. After a few more indications of the concerned having failed, I dissociated myself.I am concerned with the preservation of sherogar genealogical status. and have no concern or constraint with the servegar or kotegar with due respects to them. But the suggestions that sherogars should change caste name to servegar, compels me to delve upon their genealogical background.Firstly, Ramkshatri; none of our religious koshas, like Hindi Vishwa Kosha, Bharatiya Sanskriti Kosh, Gyan Kosh or ethnological texts, records the existence of Ramakshatriya in Maharashtra and Goa territory except in Tribes and Castes by Thurston and same is recorded in S.Kanara Gazette because same Thurston was the editor of this gazetteer. They claim that they came Vijaydurga (now delipidated fort) in the Ratnagiri region. There is no mention of this Ramkshatriya in Vijaydurg history. Yes, there are the koknas in a little mass. The only kshatriya having Ram prefixation is Ramoshi a tribe that are called berads, bedar or palligars in Karnataka. (Enthovan and Bharatiya Sanskriti Kosh). But they are a tribe and not recognized as a kshatriya (actually at Pune they have a Sangh established as Ramoshi or Ramvanshi Kshatriya 1915). The story goes that in appreciation of the help of these tribals during his vanvas, Ram called them Ramvanshiya and appointed them as village watchmen; that is how prefix Ram to kshatriya (details inappropriate chapter). Ramoshis of Chakan were instrumental in the destruction of Rashtrakut from Konkan with the help of koknas of Chaul. I never heard of Ramkshatriya for 21 years of stay in Mirjan having any relation to sherogars. The Shankaracharya of Shirngeri has not recognized servegars as Ramkshatriya on the say of kotegars whose origin being Vijaydurga, where there is no trace of Ramkshatriya. The mutt authorities, on the other hand, have politely denied the existence of any binnavatthale. The year of binnavatthale is 1633. There did not exist in Vijaydug in 1633. This durg was known as Gheria and in 1655 Shivaji Maharaj conquered it, renovated by double fortification and enlarged it to 17 acres. The sanvatsar was Vijay. So Maharaja named it Vijayadurg. The gist is that servegars may be Ram or Ramvanshi kshatriya, but sherogars are Rajput kshatriyas. Hence sherogars have nothing to do with Ramkshatriyas.Secondly, the facts recorded in Bharatiya Sanskriti Kosh, about koknas. Koknas are tribal and live in Thane, Banda (savantvadi), Karwar, Mangalore (kaanada) and Kranganore. Karwari koknas are Konkan Marathas, having surnames of Desai, Savant, and Sai, etc. They are Konkani speaking Marathas with more Marathi and little Konkani, unlike sherogars who do not use Marathi tone or vocabulary or even grammar. The sherogar sept is described separately in Bharatiya sanksriti kosh, and Enthovan and in Maisur Tribes and Castes by Anantkrishna Aiyer as laads, whereas koknas of Karwar, Thane, Banda, and Mangalore are described as one genealogical group. The fact that koknas and sherogars, living in adjoining talukas, there never existed interaction in marriage or otherwise. Hence sherogars a distinct sect. Savantvadi study shows that Desai’s origin is from Vijay Nagar Palligars who are berads (Enthovan, Marathi Vishva Kosha, and Ratnagiri Gazetteer). The koknas, if we believe the origin of Desai’s, advanced culturally in Konkan and rose in rank. These same koknas were called upon to garrison the Gambhirgad fort at Jawhar and are still tribal. Wikipedia records that Marathas of Vijaydurg were indentured by Keladi and Bilagi royalties for the same job. I would like to mention that even today the Maratha kshatriyas do not work for others except for Marathas. Hence I do not think assal Marathas came for fort duty of Kannada kings. The observation of Thurston, Stuart, and Rice gives support to this statement. That is the reason Marathas are rarely found at other royalties. It all indicates that Thane and Vijaydurg Koknas, Karwar and Savantvadi Desai or Savants and the Kotegars or Berads are the same. But more study is suggested.Thirdly Enthovan in his Tribes and castes of Bombay records that kotegars are Bedagus meaning of which is analysed in title chapter. So the inference that servegars are also bedagus like kotegars. The Bellary Gazetteer of Maisur records myasa berads are bedagus. All these records rule out the sherogars from this genealogy. The Kanara kotegars are compared to Harijans in Dharwad and Kanara Gazetteer of 1883. Enthoven too concurs with this adding that kotegars of south kanara have gained much higher status. The relevant publications have been annexed as plates at the end of compendium.Fourthly, the analysis of servegar in Kannad and Tamil does not give an unambiguous conclusion. Rather it is confusing. Kannada meaning supervisor of a cattle rearing establishment. A fort sentry, a traveling bungalow keeper (kotwal), whereas in Tamil Servegaran (cherveikaran pronunciation, plate annexed) defines as commander of soldiers. It also says that Kallan and Agamudaiyan (thieves and small landholders) are this servai. It is a case for a study that how fort sentries of North Maisur, and Haider Ali’s Cavellavy of Bedar chelas acquired the Tamil Title. Maybe Thurston is right when he observes that the title was inherited by many despite them not participating in traditional titular roles. He further records on page 265 of vol II that servaikaran (Wikipedia servegar) has been adopted as a false caste by Korava (a tribe) in the south. Korav and kola are in the same group as another backward class list.Finally, in this fast-moving megapolitan culture and atmosphere it is not strictly possible to adhere to age-old traditions and customs. The changes are bound to be there. The next isolation has taken place on account of the pursuit of higher education, unitary family culture, and a diversely growing environment. What is disturbing is the attitude of senior generations. On the one hand, speaking of the unity of sherogars, opt for inter-caste marriages. I am not referring to the younger generations in big cities making their own choice. But the elders marrying their children into other castes, just because they are better off economically. What type of role model do they convey to next? Sincerity must be seen to be apparent. One of my long-time acquaintance who had married outside caste remarked. “It ends with me, my children will marry within caste”. Only he can distinguish the pros and cons better! It hurts to watch a double standard attitude. It still hurts to watch the genealogical metamorphosis. Such matrimonial alliances are not innovative. Our mythology and history have records right from Kaurav and Pandavas.In the end, it will be good to remember Churchill with reference to today’s goings-on in the country.“Power will go to the hands of rascals, rogues, free-booters, all Indian leaders will be of low caliber and men of straw. They will have asweet tongue and silly hearts. They will fight amongst themselves for power and India will be lost in political squabbles. A day would come when even air and water would be taxed.”********