Help Me With Electronic signature Form for Procurement

A procurement workflow is a systematic process for acquiring goods and services. Implementing an effective procurement workflow can streamline operations, reduce costs, and enhance collaboration between departments, ultimately leading to more efficient purchasing decisions.

airSlate SignNow streamlines procurement workflows by providing a user-friendly platform for document management and e-signatures. This allows teams to manage contracts and approvals seamlessly, reducing delays and improving overall efficiency in the procurement process.

airSlate SignNow offers features like customizable templates, automated workflows, and real-time tracking for documents. These tools enable businesses to create and manage their procurement workflows efficiently while ensuring compliance and transparency.

Yes, airSlate SignNow offers integrations with various procurement and business management software. This versatility allows organizations to enhance their procurement workflows without disrupting established processes.

Absolutely! airSlate SignNow is designed to be a cost-effective solution that reduces paper usage and administrative overhead. By optimizing your procurement workflows, you can save money while improving efficiency and productivity.

airSlate SignNow helps ensure compliance in your procurement workflow by providing audit trails, secure document storage, and e-signature solutions that comply with industry regulations. This accountability enhances trust among stakeholders and reduces the risk of compliance issues.

Any business that engages in purchasing goods or services can benefit from airSlate SignNow’s procurement workflow features. This includes small businesses, enterprises, and organizations across various industries looking to streamline their procurement processes.

There are many advantages of e-procurement and few of, according to me, highlighted below.1. it saves time for both buyer and bidder as e-procurement can be access from anywhere and so, physical movement is not required.2. it is also convenient to both buyer and bidder as it is again accessible from everywhere since it is available in the electronic form.3. it keeps transparency which benefited both buyers to get best rates and vendor to get fair opportunity to work.4. A buyer gets good competitions as on electronic procurement any vendor can participate in the tender.5. A vendor can also get many opportunities related to their business as they can search and find appropriate opportunity related to their business.6. it also gives automated prepared report generated from a system which no one can challenge, and so everyone believes it.7. It is very secure as some e-procurement system uses the encryption-decryption system for their commercial proposal of a bid by using digital signature certificate (DSC) which near to break it or hack it. So it is very secure.8. Buyer (Govt. dept.) can work fast, and so helps to society as most of govt. work can be done by a tender process which is moving on the electronic form.so there are many advantages but above are a key one for me.

TL;DR (Too Long; Didn’t Read):Cashless society can be a reality in India. Yes, it can happen right now! To make it happen, the government should take measures like this:Slowly reduce the withdrawal limit at the ATMs and banks in phases from the current ₹4,500/day to a reasonable amount, say, ₹1,000/dayClassifying transactions into PIN and No-PIN. The sum of all No-PIN transactions cannot exceed ₹1,000/dayPromoting a widespread use of innovative, cheap and secure Debit/Credit card readersGovernment incentives encouraging transition towards cashless societyAre you still wondering if these measures can help our country?If so, then you should definitely read the whole answer down below!Is there any country which has gone completely cashless?In a cashless society, when we go get coffee, buy some groceries or pay house rent, we use Debit / Credit card , online payment or any of the other cashless payment methods instead of Physical cash.Though, by definition, Cashless society replaces physical cash with modern cashless payment methods, there is no country which has gone 100% cashless. Sweden is leading the way towards a cashless society with cash transactions account for 2% of the value of all payments made in last year.How will a cashless society help our country?Tax Evasion: When all payments are made electronically, they can be easily audited. This would be a great problem to money launderers and tax evadersReduction in Crime: By going cashless, as there will be less cash in circulation, criminal activities like Real estate fraud, Smuggling, Fake currency, Terrorist activities etc will be greatly reduced.Security and Convenience: In Sweden, electronic payment advocates claim that there has been less crime reported as there is no cash to steal at banks and ATM’s. In addition to security, cashless transactions in future will be seamless and convenient for customers with no delays and queues.Why is it important for India at this moment?The demonetisation move by PM Modi is bold and important to curtail parallel economy. Though this move helps to bring out the black money and puts a break to the fake money racket, I feel that it’s a temporary measure to curb black money.If the maximum withdrawal limit increases from ₹4000/day to the previous ₹40,000/day , we will eventually be able to stash enough money. The people who resort to illegal black money transactions will be back to their routine and try to evade tax like they have been doing. Unless the government takes immediate measures to help people move towards a cashless society, the immense efforts by the people and their suffering will go in vain. Recently PM Modi urged the nation to become a cashless society which signifies its importance.Sounds great! But how to make India a cashless society?Demonetisation can bring signNow progress in the expansion of the financial system and cashless payment methods.How feasible are these cashless payment methods in India?Cashless payment methods like Digital wallets[1] (Paytm, Android Pay etc) require smartphones. But smartphone penetration is still less than 30% of the total population. So it will take years for our country to adopt to such payment methods. In India, apart from DD, Cheque etc.,the likely option is to go for Card-based payment. This is due to reasonably large penetration of Debit or Credit cards compared to smartphone penetration.As per RBI’s latest press release[2]Number of Debit cards is 700 millionNumber of Credit cards is 25 millionTotal bank accounts in 2015 was 1,170 millionThough the number of cards total to 725 million, ONLY 6% of the value of card transactions are used at PoS machines and 94% of the value is used for cash withdrawal at ATMs. The reason for these contrasting numbers might be because of the slow card transaction process, lack of awareness or security concerns ( theft / fraudulent transactions ) among consumers. Besides, many mom-and-pop shops and kirana shops, try to save the processing fee by refusing to accept card-based payments.How can we make use of the highly penetrated Debit/Credit card base as a primary instrument in making India a cashless society?Classifying transactions into PIN and No-PIN, based on type of authenticationThough the PIN-based (with/without Signature) authentication creates a sense of security among users, it is inconvenient and a prolonged process. To overcome this problem, transactions can be classified into PIN and No-PIN. PIN or Signature for authentication are required only when the transaction amount exceeds a certain limit, say, ₹1,000 per transaction. All the transactions below this limit would not require any authentication and are termed as No-PIN transactions[3]. By doing this, day-to-day payments of low value can be made seamless. In addition to this, the sum of all the No-PIN transactions on that particular day should not exceed the limit. Though the concept of No-PIN seems insecure, the cumulative limit on these transactions will ensure protection against fraudulent activities. Any such activity within the threshold amount needs to be insured by the financial institutions.For example, buying a smartphone worth ₹8,000 in a retail outlet using a Debit/Credit card requires PIN-based authentication and buying fruits and vegetables worth ₹300 will come under No-PIN transaction. Now if you lose your card and someone takes advantage of the No-PIN method, he will only be able to use up to ₹700. This amount can be insured by your bank upon reporting the lost card.Promoting a widespread use of innovative, cheap and secure Debit/Credit card readersAt the seller end, we need PoS terminals to accept card payments from consumers. But procuring a PoS machine from banks is a lengthy process. The banks also charge a commission based on the turnover. The government should make it easy for retailers to acquire these card readers. In addition to the traditional card readers, the government should encourage innovative alternatives which are cheap, secure and easy to procure such as Square Card reader, which is popular in the US.Square lets you accept all major Debit / Credit cards in a seamless way like this.Government incentives encouraging transition towards cashless societyIn order to encourage card-based payments, the Indian government has unveiled plans to cut transaction costs for electronic payments to pull more people into the formal economy and boost public revenue. One proposal is to offer sales tax rebates of 1 to 2 percentage points to merchants who report at least half of their transactions through online payments. Consumers could get an income tax rebate for electronic payment of a proportion of their expenses. Read more at: Modi government plans cashless coup with tax incentives on electronic paymentsReducing the withdrawal limit at ATMs and banks in phases from ₹40,000/day to a reasonable amount, say, ₹1,000/dayNormally, people tend to withdraw money from ATMs for most of the day-to-day payments. In order to urge society to move towards cashless, it is important to reduce the cash withdrawal limit to an acceptable amount.Illicit real estate trading, Hawala operators, Election campaigns, Fake NGOs etc., rely on cash transactions involving huge amounts. When there is a strict cash withdrawal regulation, it will take ages for people to accumulate cash and encourage such illegal activities. This will drastically reduce the black money circulation and put an end to the parallel economy.Limitations of our proposed solution:It will not be hassle free if people are not properly educated about this solutionDeploying huge number of card reader machines is a herculean taskProviding Internet access in every single part of country amidst shortage of electricityAre there any problems with cashless economy?[4]Citizens can’t do a bank run during an economic crisis. Cash is an important safeguard against economic volatility. At times of distress, when the confidence in the banking system erodes, citizens are likely to withdraw cash in large numbers and hold it in its physical form. On balance, there seems to be an optimal mix of digital payments and cash that should be in existence in an economy to stave off the consequences of a cashless society.Future scope:In future, the smartphones base is expected to grow and signNow 100% penetration. As the government works on pushing card-based payments, it should encourage private companies to develop secure and easy mobile based cashless payments. There might be a wider signNow for NFC-based smartphones with fingerprint authentication in future. This will make the transactions even more secure and convenient.Footnotes[1] Digital Wallets: Intro to Apple Pay, Chase Pay, Walmart Pay, and More[2] https://rbi.org.in/scripts/BS_Pr...[3] RBI Willing to Relax PIN, OTP Requirements for Sub-Rs. 2,000 Transactions[4] We are trying to become a cashless society — but is that a great idea?

These are four major steps required to register a start up company in india :Acquiring Digital Signature Certificate(DSC)Acquiring Director Identification Number(DIN)Document required for a DIN :A. Identity Proof (Any one of the following) PAN CardDriving LicensePassportVoter ID CardOthers (to be specified)B. Residence Proof (Any one of the following)Driving LicensePassportVoter ID CardTelephone BillRation CardElectricity BillBank StatementOthers (to be specified)Filing an e-Form or New user registrationIncorporate the company Once your company has been incorporated you can open a Current account in any of the leading banks for carrying out your operations. You will need to submit a copy of Certificate of Incorporation and Memorandum of Association along with Borad resolution to open the bank account.Then you need to apply for TAN and PAN for the Company If your services are in Software related area you can apply for STPI license which will give you certain benefits like Company need not pay tax for 5 years, there will be no import or expurty duty levied on software/hardware,You will get office spaces at lower rates at STPI units. These are few of the benefits of becoming an STPI member.All this you can do on your own or you can outsource these to professional auditor. We did it through Auditor and it took almost three weeks (Upto Step 7 excluding STPI) and all charges(excluding sTPI) would approximately cost you Rs.25,000.

Click here for Digital Signature CertificateDigital signature certificates or DSC are required for filing income tax returns, company filings, import export clearance and e-tenders.A Digital Signature is the equivalent of a physical signature in electronic format, as it establishes the identity of the sender of an electronic document in the Internet. Digital Signatures are used in India for online transactions such as Income Tax E-Filing, Company or LLP Incorporation, Filing Annual Return, E-Tenders, etc., There are three types of Digital Signatures, Class I, Class II and Class III Digital Signature. Class I type of Digital Signatures are only used for securing email communication. Class II type of Digital Signatures are used for Company or LLP Incorporation, IT Return E-Filing, Obtaining DIN or DPIN, and filing other forms with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and Income Tax Department. Class III type Digital Signatures are used mainly for E-Tendering and for participating in E-Auctions. Digital Signatures come in the form of a USB E-Token, wherein the Digital Signature Certificate is stored in a USB Drive and can be accessed through a computer to sign documents electronically.With E-Return filing becoming mandatory for Income Tax Assesses with an income of over Rs.5 lakhs per annum, the requirement and prevalence of Digital Signatures has increased manifold. IndiaFilings can help you obtain your Digital Signature hassle-free online. IndiaFilings is a Registered Partner of SIFY and E-Mudhra.Class II Digital Signatures are used for Income Tax E-Filing, Company or LLP Incorporation, Annual Return Filing, etc., Class II Digital Signatures are required to file documents electronically with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and Income Tax Department.Difference between Class 2 and Class 3 Digital Signature CertificatesIn this day and age of technology, physical signatures are increasingly being converted to digital media for security reasons. Digital Signature Certificates, (DSC) are simply the electronic equivalent of physical or paper certificates such as identity proofs, driver�s licenses, passports or PAN cards. These certificates can prove to be helpful for many online transactions that require digital proof of identities and to receive and send information on the web safely.Organizations and firms, today require digital signature certificate to better facilitate communication and transactions between them and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. For companies that have a turnover of more than INR 60 Lakhs have to apply for these certifications mandatorily, and it is considered a legally admissible instrument. Besides, it is always wise to get a digital signature as it offers a high level of security for online transactions by ensuring absolute privacy of the information exchanged. These certificates can also be useful for encrypting information that only the intended recipient can have access to. You can digitally sign information to assure the recipient that it has not been changed in transit, and also verify your identity as the sender of the message.There are two main types of Digital Signature Certificates � Class 2 Certificates and Class 3 Digital Signature Certificate. A Class 2 Digital Signature Certificate is used by individuals and is available for download after verification based on a trusted and pre-verified database. A Class 3 Digital Signature Certificate, on the other hand, is of the highest level as it is issued only after the registrant�s identity verification has been carried out by a Registration Authority.Class 2 Digital Signature Certificates are generally used for filing documents Income Tax, Registrar of Companies and VAT, whereas Class 3 Digital Signature Certificates are needed for e-tendering, which is a procurement process that is conducted online. The aspects where this comes into play include: � Contract download� Evaluation of tenders (May or may not involve e-auctions)� Supplier registration/expression of interest� Submission of bid documentThe Ministry of Company Affairs, Government of India (GoI) has initiated MCA21 program, for easy and secure access to its services in a manner that best suits the businesses and citizens. The MCA21 application is designed to support Class 2 & 3 Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) issued by licensed signNowing Authority under Controller of signNowing Authorities.

Class 2 Digital Signature Certificate can be issued to individual or an authorized individual on the behalf of any organization. Class 2 Digital Signature Certificate is available for download after verification based on a trusted and pre-verified databaseWhereas Class 2B Digital signature certificates are issued to Organization for various purposes. Class 2B digital signatures for organization is personal certificate that provides second highest level of assurance within the RCAI hierarchy setup by CCA (Controller of signNowing Authorities) in India which is mainly used for e tender filing, E Procurement, E Bidding, Bank Auction and Document Signing.

It is a much heated up question as when India placed an order of 36 Rafales many started complaining that Rafale is too expensive and India can buy more ‘capable’ Su-30 MKIs to beef up its fire power. Here is a rough comparison between Su-30 MKI and Rafale from RBTH Website :-The Sukhoi Su-30MKI is a multirole combat fighter aircraft jointly developed by the Sukhoi Design Bureau and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the Indian Air Force (IAF). Based on the Su-30 fighter aircraft, Su-30MKI is equipped with thrust vectoring control and canards.While Dassault Rafale is an omnirole aircraft by design able to execute many missions like :Air-defense / air-superiority,Anti-Access/Area Denial,Reconnaissance,Close air support,Dynamic Targeting,Air-to-ground precision strike / interdiction,Anti-ship attacks,Nuclear deterrence,Buddy-buddy refueling.Rafale also has exhibited a remarkable survivability rate during the latest French Air Force and Navy operations, thanks to an optimized airframe and to a wide range of smart and discrete sensors.Comparison :——————————Radar :-Su-30 MKI is fitted withNIIP NO11M Bars (Panther) which is a powerful integrated PESAradar. The N011M is a digital multi-mode dual frequency band radar. The N011M can function in air-to-air and air-to-land/sea mode simultaneously while being tied into a high-precision laser-inertial or GPS navigation system. It is equipped with a modern digital weapons control system as well as anti-jamming features. N011M has a 400 km search range and a maximum 200 km tracking range, and 60 km in the rear hemisphere. The radar can track 15 air targets and engage 4 simultaneously including cruise missiles and motionless helicopters. The Su-30MKI can function as a mini-AWACS as a director or command post for other aircraft. The target co-ordinates can be transferred automatically to at least four other aircraft. The radar can detect ground targets such as tanks at 40–50 km.Dassault Rafale is fitted with a RBE2-AA radar system which is an active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar system derived from the Rafale’s RBE2 radar. It replaces the mechanically steered array antenna by electronically steering exerted by up to several thousand of transmit-receive modules which enable maximum performance and versatility as well as enhanced reliability. The radar is using about 1000 GaAs T/R modules and is reported to deliver a greater detection range of 200 km, improved reliability and reduced maintenance demands over the preceding radar. Active electronic scanning makes it possible to switch radar modes quickly, thereby enabling operational functions to run simultaneously.Su-30 MKI PESA Radar is far less powerful than Rafale AESA Radar. Su-30MKI will receive an AESA Radar only after Super Sukhoi Upgrade where it will be fitted with Zhuk AESA Radar.2. Electronic Warfare Suite :Su-30MKI has electronic counter-measure systems. The RWR system is of Indian design, developed by India's DRDO, called Tarang, (Wave in English). It has direction finding capability and is known to have a programmable threat library. Elta EL/M-8222 a self-protection jammer developed by Israel Aircraft Industries is the MKI's standard EW pod, which the Israeli Air Force uses on its F-15s. The ELTA El/M-8222 Self Protection Pod is a power-managed jammer, air-cooled system with an ESM receiver integrated into the pod. The pod contains an antenna on the forward and aft ends, which receive the hostile RF signal and after processing deliver the appropriate response.While Rafale has ground breaking EW Suite in form of SPECTRA system which carries out reliable long-range detection, identification and localization of threats, allowing the pilot to instantly select the most effective defensive measures based on combinations of radar jamming, infrared or radar decoying and evasive maneuvers. The angular localization performance of the SPECTRA sensors makes it possible to accurately locate ground threats in order to avoid them, or to target them for destruction with precision guided munitions. Additionally, SPECTRA fulfils new functions in a combat aircraft, while signNowly participating in the determination of the aircraft's tactical situation, and providing the crew with operational advantage by performing accurate threat location. By virtue of its fully passive situational awareness capability, SPECTRA are a major contributor to the low observability concept of Rafale. SPECTRA gives Rafale firing solution with 1* precision at 200 km.The outstanding capability of SPECTRA regarding airborne threat localization is one of the keys of the RAFALE’s superior situational awareness. Also instrumental in SPECTRA’s performance is a threat library that can be easily defined, integrated and updated on short notice by users in their own country, and in full autonomy. SPECTRA now include a new generation missile warning system that offers increased detection performance against the latest threats.In this aspect also Rafale edges out Su-30 MKI. This EW Suite helps Rafale with an excellent survivability in hostile airspace which Su-30 MKI can’t offer.3. Dogfighting Skills :Su-30 MKI remains one of the most maneuverable fighter till now with 3D Thrust Vectors and Canards which provides it extra lift and more maneuverability. Rafale has also its own distinctive advantage in dogfights as it is a delta wing fighter can take sharp turns. According to Rafale vs SU-30MKI the dogfighting rating for Rafale and Su-30 MKI are 9.3/10 and 9.7/10 respectively. Though MKI margins a Rafale in this factor , the wing loading and thrust/weight ratios for Su-30 MKI are 401 kg/sq m and 1.00:1 at 56% fuel, respectively. For the Rafale, the figures are 306 kg/sq m and around 1.23:1. In fact, at a full fuel and weapon load, the Rafale still has a 0.988:1 thrust/weight ratio – almost the same ratio as the one achieved by the Su-30MKI at a 56% weapons load. This means that a fully-loaded Rafale is as maneuverable as a half-fully-loaded Su-30MKI, while a half-fully-loaded Rafale can run circles around a Flanker.In this aspect I will give an edge to Su-30 MKI though Rafale can run circles around a Flanker better enough.4. Stealth :The minimal Radar Cross Section of Rafale, according to Dassault engineer (1/10~1/20 of Mirage-2000's frontal RCS), should be 0.05 to 0.1 m2 class.Rafale makes extensive use of radar-absorbent material (RAM) in the form of paints and other materials. RAM forms a saw-toothed pattern on the wing and canard trailing edges, for instance. The aircraft is designed to, so that its untreated radar signature is concentrated in a few strong "spikes," which are then suppressed by the selective use of RAM.​75% of Rafale surface structure and 30% of its mass are made of composites. Besides, the high amount of composites and RAM materials, ducted air intakes, Rafale also has a sawtooth design feature all over the airframe and even in the air intakes. These sawtooth are made of RAM materials and meant to scatter and absorb radar waves. IRST surface of rafale is covered in gold shield which reflects very less radar energy and thus has stealth. The internals of the cockpit are RCS shaped as well as the canopy containing gold and RAM coat on the mounts which reflects very less radar reflection.Su-30 MKI due to its larger size lets out a huge RCS of 10 meter square ( unarmed ) and 20 meter square ( armed ). Su-30 MKI also does not make use of RAM or RCS Reduction measures as Rafale.So in a BVR Combat a Rafale will have an advantage of first look-first shot as it will detect a Su-30 MKI first before a Su-30 MKI will detect it.5. Propulsion :The Rafale is fitted with two Snecma M88 engines, each capable of providing up to 50 kN (11,250 lbf) of dry thrust and 75 kN (16,900 lbf) with afterburners. The engines feature several advances, including a non-polluting combustion chamber, single-crystal turbine blades, powder metallurgy disks, and technology to reduce radar and IR signatures. The M88 enables the Rafale to supercruise while carrying four missiles and one drop tank.M88 Engines———————The Su-30MKI is powered by two Lyulka-Saturn AL-31FP turbofans, each rated at 12,500 kgf (27,550 lbf) of full after-burning thrust, which enable speeds of up to Mach 2 in horizontal flight and a rate of climb of 230 m/s. The mean time between overhaul is reportedly 1,000 hours with a full-life span of 3,000 hours; the titanium nozzle has a mean time between overhaul of 500 hours. In early 2015, Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar stated before Parliament that the AL-31FP had suffered numerous failures, between the end of 2012 and early 2015, a total of 69 Su-30MKI engine-related failures had occurred; commons causes were bearing failures due to metal fatigue and low oil pressure, in response several engine modifications were made to improve lubrication, as well as the use of higher quality oil and adjustments to the fitting of bearings.AL-31FP Engines——————-AL-31FP engines provide a greater thrust than Rafale which is not a sign of inferiority but because Su-30 MKI is a Heavy Combat Aircraft rather than Rafale which is a medium combat aircraft. The Su-30MKI’s rate of climb (300 m/s) is inferior to that of the Rafale (305 m/sec) which gives Rafale an edge over Su-30.6. Technology and Avionics :In terms of technology and avionics Rafale is marked 8.5/10 and 8.4/10 respectively while Su-30 MKI is marked 8.2/10 in both which is a pretty edge for Rafale as compared to Sukhoi Su-30 MKI as per ratings by Rafale vs SU-30MKI7. Beyond Visual Range Combat :The primary BVRAAM employed by Rafale is MBDA Meteor, presently the most advanced BVRAAM at present. Meteor is the next generation of Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air Missile (BVRAAM) system designed to revolutionize air-to-air combat in the 21st Century. Guided by an advanced active radar seeker, Meteor provides all weather capability to engage a wide variety of targets from agile fast jets to small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and cruise missiles. It is designed to meet the most stringent of requirements and is capable of operating in the most severe of clutter and countermeasure environments.The weapon is also equipped with data link communication. Aimed at meeting the needs of a network centric environment, Meteor can be operated using third party data, enabling the Meteor user – the pilot – to have the most flexible weapon system. Using the data link means that target information updates while the missile is already streaking towards its quarry. Re-targeting data can even come from a third party—i.e., from a platform other than the launch aircraft. The datalink is capable of transmitting information such as kinematic status. It also notifies target acquisition by the seeker.The Meteor is installed with an active radar target seeker, offering high reliability in detection, tracking and classification of targets. The missile also integrates inertial measurement system (IMS). It uses AD4A (Active Anti-Air Seeker) family of seekers.Meteor’s stunning performance is achieved through its unique ramjet propulsion system – solid fuel, variable flow, ducted rocket. This ‘ramjet’ motor provides the missile with thrust all the way to target intercept, providing the largest No-Escape Zone of any air-to-air missile.The weapon’s electronics and propulsion control unit (ECPU) calculates the appropriate cruise speed depending on the launch condition and the target’s altitude, and adjusts the ramjet’s air intake and duct covers accordingly. The distance that the Meteor has to fly is unknown as yet–the target may be maneuvering, for instance. The ECPU monitors that distance and the missile’s remaining fuel. When the range to go indicates that the missile won’t run out of fuel if it accelerates, the throttle is fully opened to maximize the intercept speed. If the target is at maximum range, there will be little if any acceleration.The missile has a range in excess of 100km. Meteor is estimated to have a range of 250-300 km with ballistic flight path. It is designed for a speed greater than Mach 4. The missile has a large no escape zone (almost 60 Km). The missile trajectory is controlled aerodynamically using four rear-mounted fins. Meteor's control principles are intended to allow high turn rates while maintaining intake and propulsion performance.The missile, being designed as a complete unit, requires no assembly and maintenance immediately before loading. This arrangement reduces its overall life logistic support cost.​Meteor can be launched as a stealth missile. It is equipped with enhanced kinematics features. It is capable of striking different types of targets simultaneously in almost any weather. To ensure total target destruction, the missile is equipped with both impact and proximity fuses and a fragmentation warhead that detonates on impact or at the optimum point of intercept to maximize lethality.Su-30 MKI is equipped with Vympel NPO R-77 BVRAAM which is a Russian medium range, active radar homing air-to-air missile system. The R-77 has the ability to engage multiple airborne threats simultaneously thanks to its fire and forget capability. There are other versions fitted with infrared and passive radar seekers instead of active radar homing. Future plans call for increasing the missile range well beyond 150 kilometers. Currently it has 80Km range. It has speed of 4 mach and can operate at altitudes as 25000 m high.The R-77 has been designed with innovative control surfaces which are one of the keys of its impressive performance. Once launched, the R-77 depends on an inertial navigation system with optional in-flight target position updates from the aircraft sensors. When the R-77 missile is at a distance of about 20 km its radar homing head activates leading the missile to its target. The R-77's multi-purpose target engagement capabilities and resistance against countermeasures are among the best in the world. It is launched from AKU-170E launch unit aboard the aircraft.The R-77 carries a 22.5kg multi-shaped charge rod type warhead. An inertial/radio-corrected navigation system guides the missile during the initial flight phase, while a multi-function doppler-monopulse active radar seeker is employed in the terminal phase.​R77 uses large strakes for lift enhancement, and unique lattice tail controls. The R-77P uses the 9B-1032 X-band anti-radiation seeker. A rocket-ramjet variant of the missile has been in development since the 1990s, as a counter to the EU Meteor. Designated the RVV-AE-PD, and often labeled the R-77M.R-77 BVRAAM—————Su-30 MKI will aslo be fitted with Astra BVRAAM which is designed to be capable of engaging targets at varying range and altitudes allowing for engagement of both short-range targets (up to 20 km) and long-range targets (up to 80 km).It uses smokeless propulsion system to evade enemy radars and has the capacity to engage in multi-target scenario. Astra can signNow up to 110 km when fired from an altitude of 15 km, 44 km when launched from an altitude of 8 km and 21 km when fired from sea level. A smokelessThe highly agile, accurate and reliable missile features high single-shot kill probability (SSKP) and is capable of operating under all weather conditions. It also has the capacity to engage in multi-target scenario. The ECCM (electronic counter-counter measure) features of the missile make it able to overcome almost any kind of jamming.Su-30 MKI launching an Astra BVRAAM—————Su-30 MKI also has a 200 km ranged- K-100 Novator Missile which is used to target AWACS aircraft and oil tankers ( not fighter jets ).In BVR Combat aspect due to Meteor we can assume that Rafale can edge out Su-30 MKI although Su-30 MKI has more diverse BVRAAM in form of R-77 and Astra as well as K-100. According to Rafale vs SU-30MKI Rafale has 85% rating in BVR Tech. while Su-30 MKI has 87% rating.8. Within Visual Range Combat :In WVR Combat Rafale has MBDA MICA and Magic II AAM while Su-30 MKI has AA-11 Archer and AA-8 Aphid. Rafale vs SU-30MKI gives Rafale a dogfighting rating of 76 % while Su-30 MKI has an edge with 94 %. Rafale has the biggest gun on the market (ex aequo with Sukhoi aircraft): a hefty 30mm GIAT gun firing incendiary rounds.Based on all these analysis I will comment that Rafale is actually ‘better’ than Su-30 MKI. Su-30 MKI has 12 hardpoints (2 × wing-tip AAM launch rails, 6 × pylons under-wing, 2 × pylon under-engine nacelles, and 2 × pylons in tandem in the "arch" between the engines. It can be increased to 14 using multiple ejector racks.) with a capacity of up to 8,130 kg . Rafale on the other hand has 14 hard points (13 on the RAFALE M). Five of them are capable of drop tanks and heavy ordnance. Total external load capacity is more than nine tonnes (20,000 lbs.).To prevail in air combat, one must:Be capable of defending one’s own airspace anytime, on call, at a moment’s notice if need be;Be harder to detect than the enemy and detect him faster so that he’ll be shot down unaware of his attacker (as 80% of all fighters shot down throughout aviation history were);If possible, be more numerous than the enemy;Provide one’s own pilots with more flight hours than the enemy to practice flying skills;Be more maneuverable than the enemy;Be more capable of transitioning from one maneuver to another than the enemy.Some of the objectives are filled by Rafale while some others are filled by Su-30 MKI.Rafale's awesome speciality is it's faster 5th gen system core processor which integrates data & information at much faster rate than it's Russian-Indian competitor.Su-30 MKI can employ many varieties of anti-ship missiles like3 × Kh-59MK4 × Kh-356 × Kh-31AWhile Rafale on other hand has only MBDA AM 39-Exocet anti-ship missile. Su-30 MKI also employs varieties of Anti-Radiation Missiles like KH-31P and DRDO Anti-Radiation Missile.If you look from Indian case Russia has agreed to fit KH-31P with Indian Rafales.Rafales also have "Hammer" which is a Precision-Guided Munitions developed by Sagem Défense Sécurité. AASM comprises a frontal guidance kit and a rear-mounted range extension kit matched to a dumb bomb. The weapon is modular because it can integrate different types of guidance units and different types of bombs. The basic version features a 250-kilogram (550 lb) bomb plus hybrid inertial navigation system (INS) / Global Positioning System (GPS) guidance. Other variants add infrared homing or laser guidance to increase accuracy; there are also versions with 125-kilogram (276 lb), 500-kilogram (1,100 lb) or 1,000-kilogram (2,200 lb) bomb bodies. It has range capability of more than 32nm from high altitude, or 8nm from low level. Launches can also be made from an off-axis angle of up to 90°, while up to six weapons can be fired against individual targets in a single pass and with just one trigger press."Meanwhile the russian KAB 500 /1000/ have inferior CEP (7m) & Range compare to Hammer.Rafale also has MBDA Storm Shadow/SCALP-EG Cruise Missile which is is based on the earlier MBDA Apache anti-runway missile, and differs in that it carries a warhead, rather than submunitions. Range 300+nm (560+km) Lo-Lo profile Speed 1,000 km/h Mach 0.8 Guidance Inertial, GPS and TERPROM. Terminal guidance using imaging infrared DSMAC.Su-30 MKI and Rafale both will use BrahMos-NG in IAF Service.Rafale with a twin BrahMos-NG ConfigurationSu-30 MKI OLS-30 laser-optical Infra-red search and track includes a day and night FLIR capability and is used in conjunction with the helmet mounted sighting system. The OLS-30 is a combined IRST/LR device using a cooled, broad waveband sensor. Detection range is up to 90 km, while the laser ranger is effective to 3.5 km. While Rafale’s FSO provides better range than OLS-30 at 100 kilometers.Combat-Proven :From 2006 to 2011, French Air Force and Navy Rafale fighters were engaged in countless combat missions in Afghanistan where they demonstrated a very high proficiency and a tangible military value. The AASM/HAMMER precision-guided modular air-to-surface armament, Paveway laser-guided bombs, and the 30 mm cannon were employed on many occasions, scoring direct hits with remarkable precision. In 2011, French Air Force and French Navy RAFALE fighters were successfully engaged in coalition operations over Libya. They were the first fighters to operate over Benghazi and Tripoli, and they carried out the whole spectrum of missions the Rafale was designed for: air-superiority, precision strikes with Hammers and laser-guided bombs, deep strike with SCALP cruise missiles, Intelligence, Surveillance, Tactical Acquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) and Strike Coordination And Reconnaissance (SCAR). During the Libyan conflict, hundreds of targets – tanks, armored vehicles, artillery emplacements, storage dumps, command centres and air-defense systems (SA-3 Goa and SA-8 Gecko fixed and mobile SAM launchers) – were hit with devastating accuracy by Rafale aircrews.French Air Force Rafales have taken a leading role in Mali, helping destroy enemy infrastructure and support friendly troops in contact. Four RAFALES undertook the longest raid in French Air Force history, taking off from Saint-Dizier, in eastern France, and landing in N’Djamena, in Chad, after hitting 21 targets and spending no less than 9 h 35 min airborne. The French Air Force quickly set up a forward operating base in Chad, and the RAFALE detachment later grew to eight aircraft. This represented the first time the RAFALE had operated from a FOB in Africa.While on other hand Su-30 MKI has never seen real combat and is not combat-proven. Well this is not a criteria to judge an aircraft =)So in my view Rafale is better than Su-30 MKI whereas Su-30 MKI edges Rafale in some factors like dogfighting and WVR Combat. Also Su-30 MKI is cheaper than Rafales. Seeing the excellent record of Mirage 2000 in IAF Service I can assume that Rafale coupled with Su-30 MKIs and India’s own Tejas can put up IAF Supremacy for upto 2045 till 5th generation fighters come into scene.Fact is I love both the planes =)Hope my answer serves the purpose =)References :Sukhoi Su-30MKI - WikipediaDassault Rafale - WikipediaRafale vs SU-30MKIGoogle Images

I will give a step-wise explanation on why IAF still uses Jaguar and Mig-21 till date even though they were retired long ago by some of the operators around the world.Mig-21 : It was in early 1980s , when Indian Air Force realised that it needed to replace its Mig-21 since they will be signNowing the end of their service life by 1990s which will be a critical fall for Indian Air Force in terms of numbers. Hence the Tejas programme was started which had its own share of problems and was dragged on for many years. Hence what IAF needed was an interim solution. The solution came when it was decided that IAF Mig-21 will be upgraded and its Total Technical Life (TTL) will be extended. The upgrade involved better avionics , armaments , EW suite and more. This helped the Mig-21 to stay for much longer in Indian Air Force. The sole reason why Mig-21 has persisted in IAF till date was due to the fact that Tejas programme faced initial hiccups and thus failed in its objective to replace the older Mig-21 in IAF service.Recently IAF has retired its Mig-21 Type 96 Aircrafts as Tejas programme has started to bore results with Tejas now being actively inducted in Flying Daggers Squadron of IAF. At present IAF uses only Mig-21 Bison/bis aircrafts which will be retired from service by next decade.SEPECAT Jaguar : Jaguars in IAF service are termed as “Deep Penetration Strike Aircraft” ( DPSA ) meant as a Fighter-Bomber to strike deep in the enemy territory. Indian Air Force has serially upgraded its Jaguars with DARIN programmes the latest being DARIN III which adds an AESA radar to the Jaguar. Future replacement for Jaguar can be AMCA which is an Indian 5th Generation Fighter Aircraft currently under development. The extended life which has been breathed in Indian Jaguars through MLUs can well keep Indian Jaguars in air up till next decade.India has been notoriously known for running the aircrafts in its inventory for a much longer time than warranted by its TTL through MLUs like in case of Mig-21 and Jaguars and even Mig-27 and others. Retiring almost 200+ Mig-21 will bring in a critical void which IAF doesn’t want due to its falling numbers. Also Jaguar is India’s lone DPSA so as long as upgrades are available and quick replacements are unavailable it is better to keep them running as these aircrafts serve quite well in their roles.Many nations still use Mig-21 like Romania with some of the famous Mig-21 knockoffs like F-7 used many nations around the world like Bangladesh , Pakistan and Egypt.

What is a Digital Signature Certificate?A digital signature is a mathematical scheme that validates the integrity or authenticity of a given digital document or digital message. Digital signature certificates are the electronic or digital equivalent of paper certificates. Digital signature certificates validate your digital signature and for affixing digital signatures to e-documents digital signature certificates are required. Generally certificates are used to prove the identity of a person for particular purpose like driving license or passport or pan card or others. Similarly digital signature certificates are used to prove the identity of the person digitally to avail information or services on the internet and to sign certain documents digitally.Check Here : Digital Signature Certificate PriceWhat are the types of Digital Signature Certificates?There are three types of digital signature certificates depending on the validation of identity and type of use. They are:Class I DSC – Individuals get it for validating the email identification of the users and in situations where risk is minimal and here the signature is stored in software.Class II DSC – Business organizations or individuals use this digital signature certificate to validate the information given by the subscriber in the application against the information available in a trusted consumer database and in other such situations where security risk is moderate. In this case a hardware cryptographic device is used for storing the signature.Class III DSC – This digital certificate is directly issued by the signNowing authority and it is required that the person applying for DSC must be present at the signNowing authority’s premises and prove his/her identity in front of the authority and the security risk involved in this case is very high. In this case also a hardware cryptographic device is used for storing the signature.How to get a Digital Signature?A licensed authority also called as Certification Authority (CA) that has been granted the license to issue digital signature certificates by the Government of India can issue digital signature certificate under the Information Technology Act 2000. You should pay a specified fee and submit certain documents for obtaining DSC from CA. The e-KYC documents will fetch your DSC on the same day from CA. The documents are:Self-attested PAN card as identity proof.Voter ID card or driving license or passport or latest utility bill as address proof.The Necessity of Digital Signature CertificatesFor e-filing of the income tax returns by any individual, the Government of India has made it mandatory to affix digital signatures to the income tax returns documents. For affixing the digital signature one must have digital signature certificates issued by licensed certification authority.In addition, Ministry of Corporate Affairs has set the mandatory guidelines for the companies directing them to file all reports, applications and forms using a digital signature only and this again requires a digital signature certificate.For GST also a company must verify its GST application by affixing a digital signature using digital signature certificate in order to get registered for GST.These days many Government procedures, filling different applications, amendments and forms require digital signatures made by using digital signature certificates.Benefits of Digital Signature CertificatesSaves Money & Time: As there is no need of physical presence you can digitally sign your PDF files and other documents using DSC anywhere & anytime. You need not sign your paper documents and then scan them to send them across through internet if you follow the above given option. You can save the money which would otherwise be spent on printing and scanning the document. You can also go green by saving paper.Secured Data: The digitally signed documents are tamper proof as the digital signatures are secured with a private key and public key and they cannot be edited after digitally signing the document.Authentic: Digitally signed documents are authentic and the receiver can be completely sure about the sender’s identity and integrity. The receiver can easily execute the information in the document without worrying about the document being forged.What is the Validity of Digital Signature Certificates?The digital signature certificates in India issued by licensed signNowing authority approved by Ministry of Information & Technology are valid in India as per the ‘Information Technology Act 2000’. The DSC’s come with an explicit starting date & explicit expiration date. Usually the expiration time for standard digital signature certificates issued by CA will be from 1 year to 2 years. The digital signature certificates are managed by Certificate Revocation List (CRL) based on expiration date. An Indian national can have two DSC’s, one for his personal identification and another one for official identification.Check Here : Digital Signature Certificate Price

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