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I think I'll introduce myself my name is Pete Ziegler I am a principal designer and researcher at a company called Katara which is based out of San Francisco California and we are a startup that is intending to disrupt the construction industry it's very much about sustainability and building buildings in a completely new kind of way and also kind of enabling a new sort of experience within the buildings so this image here so let me take a step back actually the human eye changes as we age and this is mostly macular degeneration which loosens the tendons in the eyes so that we can't quite focus as well but one of the aspects of the eyeball that's interesting that comes with age is the yellowing of the cornea making an image like this in the subtleties and the colors and the shifts almost impossible to differentiate and so you know the the character of the eyeball changes as we age and my only point here is that for most of my career I've spent looking at the experience of aging so this is me with one of my research participants in London Fields in in London where I spend a lot of time looking and in immersing myself in cultures that I was not a part of so I was designing for people who I am NOT and I think that's a that's an important part of what inclusion is now what out the way that I would like to see the the industry change or inclusive design or universal design change is to get more people designing for the people that they are so you know she is 70 years old I'd like to see more 70 year old designers designing for themselves and for their cohorts you're probably familiar with this it's Maslow's hierarchy who is familiar with this is everybody ok pretty much 95% so this is a really important framework for me now in daily life so from the bottom we've got physiological and then we move up we've got safety then you start to change from you know our existence and and keeping ourselves alive to things like love and belonging and esteem which are kind of around our purpose and what satisfies us is people and then self-actualization at the top which is really about this sort of unreachable goal so these are just some descriptions we don't really need to go into them but so at the bottom we've got survival in the middle we've got psychological and at the top it's sort of our reason for being which I don't think we ever really achieve but the point for this is that we can actually design around these things each one of these you can design fit for physiological safety love and belonging esteem I don't think you can actually design for self-actualization so inclusive design requires that we designed for people who we aren't and so what does that mean it means we need we need to understand their experiences and me as someone who's specialized in aging I spent a lot of time with people who were much older than me but also I think from a sort of selfish point of view I would take their wisdom and apply it to my own life in my own understanding of what I want aging to be these are just some basic kind of parameters for inclusion so you've got cognitive mobility hearing sight age economics health education racial religious language cultural Geographic political physical you know inclusion can work across all of these it's very rare that we actually just are designing or researching or thinking about one of them so this is Betty she's 91 and so mobility hearing sight and age are four of the things that I was working with her to design around and this is Oya she's a little bit younger but she's got a different mix so a mobility economic language and cultural kind of kept her from feeling included in everyday society and so I think understanding our experiences and how we experience is really important and and so I think human beings up to these amazing input/output machines and so here on the on the Left we have our senses in the senses allow us to bring enable us to bring the outside world in so we have sight hearing listening smell taste cutaneous touch proprioceptive switch is kind of our position in space in how we relate to the larger environment and so we use these to bring things into our into ourselves into our into our brain into our heart into and into our gut where we process these signals and we relate them to our priors from the past and our history and our upbringing and all these other things and that's where we sort of process these signals and then output them and I in the form of ideas communications emotions actions and this one's sort of confusing transportation geography that's more of where we where we are in the world so our locations so we can change all of these things and you can imagine that going back to the slide where I showed a number of different inclusive design parameters like age hearing sight things like that if you take one of these things out of this either from input from processing or from output then you can see how our experience would change quite a bit and how we may have an opportunity to design in order to use or an opportunity to use technology or some other kind of enabling possibility to to sort of level the plating playing field so this is an example from outside of design so this is more of a historical example about the the painter JMW Turner who painted a lot of these amazing seascapes but in order to understand how to paint them he actually had to experience them and so he tied that he tied himself to the masts of these ships and they would go out into the oceans and he would understand how the ocean behaved and he felt like he needed to do that in order to paint that image on the left and so he would almost he almost died many many times and it was constantly sick from these explorations this is another example and I'm not sure if the first person to speak about this was Kevin Slavin from MIT Media Lab but it's been out there and in little bits and pieces but this is on the left that's a periscope operator so if you've ever looked through a periscope it flips the image upside down and backwards and then this is just a diagram to kind of show to depict that but there was this there's this myth or kind of a legend no one really knows if it's true about a place called upside down backwards world where where periscope operators from World War one would spend time living upside down and backwards to retrain their brains to be able to operate periscopes and then this is just another really interesting example about people who've had amputated limbs and they just used these mirrors in order to in order to kind of solve for the sensation of ghost limbs in the pains that they feel and so it's this visual it's this visual kind of therapy that they that they use in a very simple one we're now starting to use VR for this and all kinds of things but a simple mirror is actually all you need so I think we all know about human centered design where we look at people's entire lives in order to design for them you know what are their goals who are their families where do they live all these kinds of things but let's let's start to break that down so we've also got user centered design and this is more where you're looking specifically at a person's experience with a product of website and app how do they interact with it what are their patterns how does it affect them specifically where you don't need to go out and understand you know what their what their grand ambitions are you know what their what the inside of their house looks like going down from there you've got consumers so consumer centered designs sometimes called customer centric and this is not my favorite but it is important to give some respect to customer centric design because we're trying to connect the right ideas to the right people and without that you know a good idea not connected to the right audience is pretty useless and then you've got benefactors so in this case the user is not the benefactor the user is someone who is you know but for example a parent setting up a brokerage account for their four-year-old child you know this is the benefactor is that child but the user is the parents or in many cases I've done a lot of work in diabetes so in hypoglycemic situations in emergencies you know someone who is diabetic is not able to apply an injection to themselves so they need someone else to do that so that they would be the benefactor in that case now let's go out from the from the human perspective and look at how the human fits in to the bigger picture so society this is our this is typically our geographic locations but it's also ideas of society it's it's smaller groups that we can relate to then you've got civilization so civilization is sort of a moving target civilization the the definition of civilization is our highest our highest potential at any one moment so this could be technology it could be social it could be the way with the way we behave or use our the way we evolve and use our brains so civilization in 50 or a hundred years will be different than what it is now and it was you think about what was civilized 300 years ago and that was very different and then you've got him humanity and this is something that I've really this has really captured my imagination and this is all something I've been incubating for about six months or eight months but Humanities Center design is where you completely get you completely step back from individuals and you're just looking at our existence as we as we live on earth so these are real questions now humanity you know we're talking about climate change we're talking about all of these you know potential scary threats to our existence and we can't just like with self-actualization we can't really design for that but we can hope to and I think the Internet actually falls into either humanity or civilization and it's so it's getting to that point but you couldn't have expected it to be there so here's one project and admittedly this is pretty old but this is what was requested of me to present so this is from 2012 I did this after I graduated from the Royal College of Art and I was researcher at the at the Helen Hellman Center for design which is located at the Royal College so this was a partnership with the EPFL which is a engineering Swiss engineering University in Lausanne which they have a very distinct interest in how their country is ageing and how their country is changing because of the aging populations and so they wanted me to investigate roughly what does that mean you know they had a number of startups who were involved who were in social networking so there was just kind of this perfect match that I would look at social networking for ageing populations but let's start here so though the world is old outside of Africa in a few places in the Middle East and it's getting older what does this mean for the next fifty or a hundred years I'm not sure but what it does mean for us designers research researchers technologists is that we should be looking at not not necessarily only designing for people who are Millennials or younger than that but we should be looking at designing for people who are older how can we how can we change our expectation of how we age so there's almost three billion of our seven point four billion people on earth are on social networks and of course that's growing and I don't think any of us are the slightest bit surprised by that but there's a lot of people who are left out of that some by choice in some by the fact that they're still not very used to how to navigate a website and I know this because I taught classes just general computer classes to people who still are uncomfortable with even navigating to a website and so when I started this project this is my first project around aging and so I was trying to design within this sort of campaign that would that would couch me from a certain perspective and so it was designed for our future selves and so I wanted to design with this idea that I was going to become them you know and my expectation of how I'll age is that I will have problems too I will have challenges I won't be able to pick up things quite as quick at some point but I'm not sure what those things are going to be you know it part of that depends on how technology changes another aspect this another aspect to aging is that as we age we get more diverse and so when we're babies were pretty much the same we're born into different circumstances we have different opportunity ahead of us but as we as we grow up we get more independence we're able to make our own decisions life happens to us all of these things make us more and more subtle and nuanced you know accidents can happen genetics can catch up with us you know certain diseases can rear their head you know we could win the lottery anything and so we just get more different and also that technology evolves evolves much faster than we do and this is an image from one of the classes that I taught so when I was I was teaching these general technology internet classes it was from the point of a researcher and you won't be able to hear this but this is Vance he's 71 and he's describing this is a workshop that I that I conducted he's describing how social networks previously when he was growing up it will actually until pretty recently were sort of confined to your geography the people that you worked with the people in the neighborhood and so on you know and now all of a sudden within you know let much less than a decade you're able to connect to anyone on earth at anytime and you know the possibility is kind of limitless and for me I suppose because I had internet pretty early on that's not as big of a shift for him and so in this workshop I also had people sort of plotting out who their relationships were who they trusted who they didn't trust who they loved who they hated I wanted to understand the nuances but also the really obvious ways that that people think about their relationships as they as they grow older but this is really for all of us all of this is really for all of us because you know we're having the same experiences and so what when looking at one of the aspects when looking at social networks is that I'm just realizing that I am over time already is that you know we're trying to quantify our quantify our social lives by numbers and I'm gonna pick up the speed here a lot and here is this is a video game that was designed by a French video game designer in 1991 and there was no score the only reason to move through this game was not to accumulate points but to survive and it's got this really quiet kind of feeling and really focused feeling to it and it's very beautiful it became this underground classic this is and then from from the aspect of privacy this is a little app that I wrote that would draw a picture of your face and so we were looking at how people didn't the people I was talking to didn't want the pictures of their pictures of themselves on the internet and so I wrote this little piece of software that would actually draw some sort of version of themselves that they could then put up put up online that would be recognizable but not so recognizable that they could be picked out on a street or or anything like that and I worked as a technology therapist and so working with these people I would we would first try and solve problems in the least invasive way and that's just by talking through it so a lot of the issues that they were having didn't need expensive or even inexpensive but maybe slow design solutions but just they needed a little bit of an adjustment in their attitude to how they approached these things and I got a lot of quotes both negative and positive but the this is my favorite and I used my grandson's account I don't trust it and this is Betty who who I introduced you to before she's 91 and she was for a while until her grandson found out she was actually logging into Facebook using his account and she was more comfortable with that so there's a there's several principles here that were really important to the designs that came out of this one make the positive results obvious early on to enforce correct use and so a lot of times people wouldn't understand if they were actually using an application correctly - technology should keep the people they already care about closer and so this was you know in a more extreme attempt this would actually keep new the possibility of bringing new people into their virtual circles difficult in a way to actually maintain their existing relationships more and the third is that older people want their online lives to mirror their offline lines lives as closely as possible versus you know maybe it's well of your old sort of sort of taking a guess here who may be experimenting with who they want to become with their online profiles and I've got four concepts but I'll quickly walk you through one or two so I'm going to be doing a little reading here so the first one is the address book and this is an address book that Libby has had for 50 years and it's this amazing artifact and these are the kinds of things in human centered design that we look for this is one of her prized possessions so your profile on the left is exactly as you would see it on the right profiles are smaller and more specific to allow for straightforward scrolling and selecting sending and receiving it clutters your interface from all the added extras that clog up current sites just as with real address books you can create an offline profile for a friend with the information you already have phone numbers emails addresses etc this information also doubles as your invitation to them to join you online the site is intentionally limited in functionality becoming a tool with a more singular use and one of the problems is is the consistency between desktop applications and apps the patterns and so one of the ideas here was that the pattern between the desktop app and an app on the phone would be exactly the same there would not be one single difference obviously you're using a touchscreen and things like that but it would look exactly the same and work exactly the same I'll skip this one okay so the memoir the memoir is an historic traditional therapeutic form of passing down one's history so one of the people I was talking to was in the process of organizing all these folders which is her memoir for her life and she was she told me she was preparing for her death in this process and so the memoir takes static diaries and stories that people write about their lives like journal entries and things and links it in an active way to social networking scanning through your text keywords are pulled out from the context of a person's life story this application makes connections and finds relationships to the people you mentioned such as school friends first dates or people from your street however it also connects your story to others linking people with a specific and shared experience regardless of time and place and so it's really just going into your text in mining meaning and then finding other people that have a similar story or similar meaning feel free to email me or write me or ask me any questions after this and that's all I've got for now thank you