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Developing tailored legal documents with airSlate SignNow
In the current digital era, the capability to craft and oversee personalized legal documents effectively is crucial for companies. airSlate SignNow offers a powerful platform for producing, signing, and managing these documents effortlessly. By leveraging its intuitive interface, organizations can optimize their processes and boost productivity.
Processes to develop tailored legal documents with airSlate SignNow
- Access the airSlate SignNow website using your chosen web browser.
- Create a new account for a trial period or log in if you already possess an account.
- Choose the document you want to upload for signing or distribution.
- If you intend to reuse the document, transform it into a template for future applications.
- Open your document and make any necessary adjustments, such as adding editable fields or including pertinent information.
- Sign the document personally and incorporate signature fields for additional recipients.
- Proceed by clicking 'Continue' to set up and send an eSignature request.
airSlate SignNow distinguishes itself with its remarkable return on investment, making it a cost-effective option with a complete range of features. It is crafted with user-friendliness and scalability in mind, specifically catering to small and medium-sized enterprises as well as mid-market organizations.
With clear pricing and no concealed charges, airSlate SignNow guarantees companies are aware of their expenses. Furthermore, their exceptional 24/7 support is accessible for all paid plans, ensuring users receive help whenever necessary. Start leveraging the power of airSlate SignNow for your tailored legal documents today!
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FAQs
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What are custom legal documents and how can they benefit my business?
Custom legal documents are tailored contracts and agreements that meet your specific business needs. They help ensure compliance and protect your interests while streamlining the legal processes. By utilizing airSlate SignNow, you can create, manage, and eSign these documents quickly and efficiently.
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How can I create custom legal documents using airSlate SignNow?
Creating custom legal documents is simple with airSlate SignNow's intuitive platform. You can use our templates or start from scratch, customizing each document according to your unique requirements. This ensures that your legal documents are not only relevant but also fully aligned with your business goals.
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Are the custom legal documents secure with airSlate SignNow?
Yes, airSlate SignNow prioritizes the security of your custom legal documents. We employ advanced encryption methods and comply with industry standards to protect your sensitive information. You can eSign and share your documents with complete confidence.
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What features does airSlate SignNow offer for managing custom legal documents?
airSlate SignNow offers a range of features for managing custom legal documents, including version control, document tracking, and automated reminders. These tools simplify the signing process and keep you organized, making it easier to handle multiple documents at once.
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What pricing options are available for creating custom legal documents?
airSlate SignNow offers various pricing plans to accommodate different business needs when creating custom legal documents. Whether you are a solo entrepreneur or a large enterprise, there is a plan that fits your budget. Each plan includes access to essential features, ensuring you get value for your investment.
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Can I integrate airSlate SignNow with other software for my custom legal documents?
Absolutely! airSlate SignNow integrates seamlessly with various software platforms, enhancing your workflow for custom legal documents. You can connect with CRM systems, document management software, and other tools to streamline operations and improve collaboration.
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How does eSigning custom legal documents work?
eSigning custom legal documents with airSlate SignNow is a straightforward process. Once your document is ready, you can invite signers via email, and they can eSign it from anywhere, on any device. This not only expedites the signing process but also reduces paperwork and costs.
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How do you prevent someone from changing a legal contract if you only sign the last page?
So I'm the founder and CEO of ApproveMe and the WP E-Signature WordPress plugin [ https://www.approveme.me/wp-digital-e-signature ] which focuses 100% on legally binding documents and UETA & ESIGN compliance in the WordPress space. Being an eSignature geek myself, I have the same concerns you do about the vulnerability (and enforceability) of eSignature based documents. I can only tell you how we handle this... All WP eSignature signed documents and signatures are kept hidden and encrypted on the server at all times, using a GUID encryption sequence. If a hacker ever attempts to unencrypt a document and change so much as a period to a comma the document will automatically throw a 404 Document not found message and alert all parties associated with the document that their document has been tampered with. If this were to happen you could prove in court that the document was tampered with and not the original document that you eSigned.
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What is it like for a foreigner living in Tallinn?
(I started to answer a very short answer and ended up with a long entry. I hope you find it useful.)As Richard Tuisk said, it depends a lot on where you are from. However, let me tell you what my experience has been so far in Estonia, what I think it is good and what I would see as a downside of living here. Of course, I need to qualify my answer by saying that I am Latin American, but also have lived in four other countries (including the US where I went to college).A quick introduction: Estonia is a small country located in the Baltic Sea next to Russia and Latvia and very close to Finland. It is part of the European Union. The area of the country is roughly the same as Switzerland or as Maryland and Massachussets combined. There is about 1.3 million people living here which means it is not densely populated. The country is essentially flat, except in the south where you find the highest point at 318 meters (1043 ft). The main city and where I live in is Tallinn. The population is about 400,000 people. Tartu is the second city with about 100,000 people and all the rest of towns are smaller than that.Immigration systemIf you are European, moving here is no problem as you enjoy all the benefits of any country within the European Union. If you are not European, the main reasons people immigrate here is to work which would guarantee a working visa or if you are married to an Estonian citizen which allows you to apply for a visa as long as you have enough funds to live here.Overall, the process to get a short-term visa is straight forward. Obtaining a long-term visa is more complicated as you have to speak the language at a relatively high level. Obtaining a citizenship requires that you give up your own citizenship.JobsAlthough Estonia suffered also during the 2008 crisis, there is enough jobs in areas of business and technology for people to move here. One of the problems Estonia faces is that it does not have enough people to fill all jobs in IT areas as I hear.There is a few big companies who recruit people from abroad, but if you don't speak the local language, your opportunities are reduced to the IT area (I work for Skype which originated here in Estonia which was acquired by Microsoft in 2011). You can see a list of notable companies here: List of companies of EstoniaSocial interactionEstonians tend to be reserved in comparison to other Europeans. I suggest to foreigners who come here to be aware of differences so they are not taken by surprise. Some examples of faux pas I have encountered:Using smalltalk in a conversation.Saying good morning when coming to office or good bye when leaving.Smiling with no reason (I have to accept that this could be awkward in Northern Europe and some parts of the US, but it is totally normal in Mediterranean or Latin American environments).Being noisy. People love their quiet here.However, it is totally Ok to try to make a conversation in English especially with young people. I am learning Estonian and try to use the language when I can, but in some occasions (say, at the pharmacy), I need to switch to English and have never found anyone being annoyed by that.The exception to all of this is if you meet young people. They tend to be more open and curious (especially women). I am speaking about more casual environments such as a cafe or a restaurant, but a bit less at work. Another obvious exception is if you are in a touristy area (such as the Old Town in Tallinn), but this should go without saying.It is totally Ok to be in a group of people and be totally silent. For example, you can have lunch or share a cab with Estonians when no one is speaking, but there is no awkwardness on it. Another thing is that people do not demonstrate much through their expressions which is one of the difficult things to deal with for me. Remember, I come from a country where you smile or frown or show your teeth if you want someone to understand you clearly.When having a conversation with an Estonian, you should say what you mean and mean what you say (remember what I said about smalltalk?). For example, if you ask "how are you?" to an Estonian, do it only if (a) you really want to know how the other person is, and (b) don't ask it if you don't know the person well. I value that Estonians take your word at face value and you should do the same with them.One word of advice is that Estonians can be very critical of others, but they are mainly critical of themselves. Someone told me once that complaining is a national sport, and I have to agree with that. In other words, when they tell you that something is truly bad here in this country, you have to take it with a grain of salt.Because of this, you should also expect that people are straight forward with you. In some cases, this borders on rudeness if I measure by my home country's standards, but here is totally Ok. I have seen a few foreigners getting shocked by that, but you get used to it. In other words, they are not politically correct (this I like very much).Also, because people are economical with the language, you shouldn't expect what I would call, a "warm" communication most of the time. As a latin person, I need to say and hear things on a beautiful way, but this doesn't happen here much. It is different when you start to get to know locals.Which brings me to the last point. It takes a while before you break the ice with an Estonian, but it is worth waiting. I have had the chance to establish a closer link with some locals outside my wife's family and I find an honesty and sincerity that I haven't seen in other places. If you get to that point, congratulations, as you have made it through this journey. By this time, you should also be an expert on sharing saunas with people you don't know (and yes, naked) and have had your share of vodka.Quality of life, services, infrastructureWhen compared to other places where I have lived, I have to say that Estonia still doesn't signNow the level of living in Germany or the US, but it is getting closer by the day. However, I would say that Estonia is already at the level that I would call it first-world country in most aspects.Infrastructure and services need some improvement, but they provide the minimum level of service. For example, if you don't have a car, you can use public transportation everywhere even if buses, trains or trams are sometimes old. Roads in Tallinn are Ok, even if you find potholes in some places. Services such as schools and hospitals are public which means that there is always a waiting list. If you need to visit a specialist doctor, you have to wait. On the other hand, the wait is not as bad as in third-world countries (like where I come from). Also, those services are basically free. The downside is that there is almost no private service, and even the ones there are rely partially on the public health system for some aspects.I have had two children born here and had no complaints about the process. In fact, I felt that everything was very professional and that they always try to do their best. However, when I spoke with Estonians, some of them were very surprised that I spoke highly of the hospital system. I guess it's up to my personal point of view in this case.Taxes are low. Personal income tax is 21% flat for everyone. If you live here and your visa allows it, you can create your own start-up in no time which is prevalent among young people in IT.By the way, unemployment was at 8% at the end of Q3 in 2013. I am no economist, but I understand that this is still considered high. However, it came down from 10.2% at the end of 2012.Food, shoppingEstonia has the typical supermarkets like any other European country. There is also local markets, but you probably need to speak Estonian or Russian. Typical food you find are potatoes, wheat-like grains, oats and so on. Pork meat and fish are eaten often here, but beef is not yet too common. Vegetables and fruits tend to be expensive. I miss having international food though. There is one supermarket in town (Stockmann) that carries some international products, but it is very expensive. I was used to visiting Oriental-type shops in Ireland and Germany, but there is none here that I know of.There is a few shopping centres, but the variety is not wide. I am in favor of buying local to support businesses here, but in many cases, we end up buying from abroad because of the lack of options or because we would have to wait for too long. For example, my wife and I love movies (yeah, still buying old-fashioned DVDs), but there is no shop that fills our expectations. Because of that, we buy everything from Amazon.ActivitiesIf you love nature, you are in luck. There is a lot of natural areas in the country and they are a short drive away. There is plenty of sea shores, forests, rivers and lakes. In the Summer you can do hiking, camping, canoeing and you can add cross country skiing in the Winter. Estonians love nature in general.If you are a city person (like myself), then that's another story. There is a few theatres, cinemas, galleries and so on, but everything is limited. Tallinn itself has the most interesting activities in the center. There is plenty of good restaurants though.Cinemas show the popular movies like everywhere else and you can find some artsy type of cinemas for alternative movies. No movie is dubbed here, but they usually carry subtitles in both Estonian and Russian.What is impressive about this countryThere is a few good things that I haven't seen outside Estonia. The first one is the electronic system prevalent in this country. When you are a foreigner and get your Estonian ID, you are also getting your electronic identity. With that, you can file taxes online, access information about property, bank accounts, mobiles, whatever services you need. When you get your local ID number, you automatically get a local e-mail address at the eesti.ee domain that you can redirect to your personal account. With that, you never miss an official communication (such as whenever is time to file your taxes).That ID has also legal validity and you can sign documents electronically anywhere in the world. For example, if you apply to get a car leasing, you don't have to show up at the bank necessarily. They send you some forms, you put your ID card in your computer reader, sign the document electronically, and send it back and that's it. It is the equivalent of putting your signature on paper in front of the bank official or lawyer. Estonian citizens and permanent residents are even allowed to vote online with their ID.A second impressive area is bureaucracy: it is a well-oiled machine. One recurrent example is taxes. You get the notification that your taxes are ready to file, you login to the tax office site, sign in, check that they have the correct information that they have collected from your company, employer and so on, sign with your ID card, and that's it. It might take as little as five minutes. My wife and I file jointly, so it takes us much longer: twenty minutes (and that's because we always forget to do one crucial step so we are delayed).The government doesn't even use paper for their minister meetings. They file everything electronically which is made available so you can follow up agendas, minutes and whatever happens there.You want to open your own company? It might take literally twenty minutes to do that too. All of this thanks to the frictionless bureaucratic system they have here. You want to park? Send a text to the number 1902 with your plate number and where you are parking and it will be charged to your mobile.One more impressive part: internet. Besides having decent speeds, there is practically free access points everywhere through the country. I personally have witnessed free available working access points in national parks and public beaches. You can read this article that talks about this (read the date: 2005!): Estonia sets shining Wi-Fi exampleIn my case, I don't use access points much because I have a decent LTE connection with my mobile. Mobile companies have good coverage and relatively good service. I remember that when we got our internet when we moved here, it took only one day to install it. When I measured the effective speed a few months later out of curiosity, it was 50 Mbps. Not bad.The downsidesAs anywhere else, there is a few things that you need to be aware of that could be difficult to adapt to.The first part for me is the social interaction which tends to be dry and quiet. I mentioned that above, so not much more to say here.Another one is the weather. In Winter, the sun might rise at 9:30 in the morning and set at 3 in the afternoon. That's just about six hours of sunlight. If you add that it is cloudy most of the time during the Winter, then you realise how dark it might be. As counterposition, Summers are amazing (up to 20 hours of sunlight and clear skies easily).Winters are relatively long. It gets cold around the end of October and stays that way until around April. It varies from year to year, but sometimes the temperature drops to -30 degrees Celsius (-22 F). Life rarely stops here because of the cold or snow though. I have taken the bus at -30 degrees Celsius. It makes for an interesting ride.One more problem for a foreigner to live here is that you feel a bit isolated from the world. Flights are available mainly to neighbouring countries plus Germany, UK and the Netherlands. If you are from another country, you always need to make connections which makes it longer and more expensive to go back home.Last, if you are from a big city, you might find even Tallinn a bit provincial. It is changing as of late though. On the other hand, there is some positive things out of this too: less crime and virtually no traffic jam as I know it (I live 20 km. from work and make it in 30 minutes on a good day and 45 on a bad one).If you are thinking to move here, I definitely recommend this place.
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As a startup founder of three years our legal housekeeping is a bit of mess, how can I best setup a system to organize and track
As a startup founder of three years myself, I can relate to how legal housekeeping can be messy. Once a year, I have our own lawyers go through and do an audit of all of our legal paperwork (which costs a couple thousand dollars to be extremely thorough, but it’s worth it). Luckily, there are now many ways to easily manage and track all of your legal, financial, and HR documents via third-party sites that specialize in these management proceedings. I wrote a blog post about this awhile back titled “5 Ways to Save Time Dealing With Documents” which highlights certain sites that can be very beneficial depending on what paperwork you’d like to track or manage. They are as follows:1. GroupDocsGroupDocs is a new, comprehensive online service for document creation and management. It has multiple features, including a viewer for reading documents in your browser, an electronic signature service, an online document converter, a document assembly service, a feature for comparing different versions of a document, and an annotation feature. An individual plan is $10 per month for limited storage and 500 documents, while a group plan for up to 9 people is $19 per user per month. Based on the number of features and pricing, GroupDoc is a good-value purchase for a small business. As you’ll see below, GroupDocs can be cheaper than a service that offers only one such feature.2. signNowWhen you’re closing a deal and need to get documents signed, the last thing you need is a slow turnaround due to fax machine problems or the postal service. The solution is to use an electronic signature service such as signNow, which is one of the most popular e-signature companies in the world. This service allows you to email your documents to the person whose signature you need. Next, the recipient undergoes a simply e-signing process, and then signNow alerts you when the process is completed. Finally, signNow electronically stores the documents, which are accessible at any time. As a result, you can easily track the progress of the signature process and create an audit trail of your documents. The “Professional” plan is recommended for sole proprietors and freelancers, and costs $180 per year ($15 per month) for up to 50 requested signatures per month. The “Workgroup” plan is geared towards teams and businesses, and it costs $240 per user per year ($20 per month per user), for unlimited requested signatures.3. signNowsignNow is another e-signature service. Similar to signNow, signNow allows you to upload a PDF file, MS Word file or web application document. Next, you can edit the document, such as by adding initials boxes or tabs, and then email them out for signatures. Once recipients e-sign the document, signNow notifies you and archives the document. signNow offers low rates for these services: a 1-person annual plan with unlimited document sending costs $11 per month. An annual plan for 10 senders with unlimited document sending costs only $39 per month.4. ExariExari is a document assembly and contract management service that assists in automating high-volume business documents, such as sales agreements or NDAs. First, the document assembly service allows authors to create automated document templates. No technical knowledge is required; most authors are business analysts and lawyers. Authors have a variety of options for customizing documents, such as fill-in-the-blank fields, optional clauses, and dynamic updating of topic headings. They also can add questions that the end user must answer. Once you send out the document, the user answers the questionnaire, and Exari uses that data to customize the document. Next, the contract management feature allows you to store and track both the templates and the signed documents. Pricing is based on the size and scope of your planned implementation, so visit their website for more information.5. FillanyPDFIt’s a hassle having to print out PDF forms in order to complete them. Fortunately, FillanyPDF is a service that allows you to edit, fill out and send any PDFs, while entirely online. This “Fill & Sign” plan costs $5 per month, or $50 per year. If you subscribe to the “Professional” plan, you can also create fillable PDFs using your own documents. With this service, any PDF, JPG or GIF file becomes fillable when you upload it to the site. You can modify a form using white-out, redaction and drawing tools. Then, you can email a link to your users, who can fill out and e-sign your form on the website. FillanyPDF also allows you to track who filled out your forms, and no downloads are necessary to access these services. The “Professional” plan costs $49 per month, or $490 per year.Switching firms can be a hassle. As a former startup attorney, I have a bit of advice about finding the right attorney for your business: it’s best to focus on the specific attorney you’ll be working with. He or she should have a solid understanding of the ins and outs of your business industry, a deep knowledge of the legal issues your startup may face, and previous work experience with startups to ensure a quality and efficient work product. This is absolutely key when matching our startup clients at UpCounsel to attorneys on our platform who can perform their legal work and hash out their legal projects in a timely manner. We also allow clients to store any and all of their legal documents directly on UpCounsel so they don’t have to go searching in alternative places for the correct paperwork. It’s proven to be a free and lightweight way to store legal documents that our clients love. Here's what it looks like:As I’ve mentioned, it’s more important to find the right attorney as opposed to the right law firm. And seeing as you’re a startup, our own startup clients typically save an average of 50-60% on their legal work, since the attorneys don't include overhead fees (a.k.a. the fees included for doing business with the firm itself) in their invoices.Hope this gives you a deeper look into what other sites and services are out there. If you have any questions or would like more information on how best to handle your legal housekeeping/ attorney matters, feel free to signNow out to me directly. As a former startup attorney at Latham & Watkins, I’d be happy to give you some guidance.
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Can I use my mentor as a sponsor on my US immigration visa application even though I'll be funding myself and living alone etc.?
You won't be able to find such a person.The reason is that all sponsorships through individuals - not companies - mandates that the sponsor provides evidence that they can support you and in this way and to this extent become legally (and financially) responsible for you while you are in US.This liability is taken on only for someone you know very well, such as family member or a dependent (spouse, children).No one will sign such a document for a stranger.If you are self-sufficient and have money to live in US, you can look into E visas.(Someone being responsible for you also has a reason - you won't be automatically granted work authorization, hence the requirement for someone to sponsor you in all respects, which means that you will need to be independently wealthy to live in US, thus my recommendation for an E type visa which will make everything legal and proper, and remove the requirement for a sponsor).
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Can I register an LLP by myself?
- it would be recommended to do registration with professional help, because its needed a professional and during the filing of Documents and Forms its authorized by a Chartered Accountant/Company Secretary/Cost Accountant DSC so you can understand Signature value and Risk of CA/CS/CMA.Following is the procedure to register1) Process Involved in LLP ?Step 1- Apply for your Partners DINStep 2- Apply for your Partners DSCStep 3- Application to Government for Name Availability of the proposed LLPStep 4- Verification of Documents and Forms by Government.Step 5- Filing of Incorporation Documents and Forms by Government.Step 6- Certificate of IncorporationStep 7- Drafting of LLP AgreementStep 8- Filing of LLP Agreement e) Time take to incorporate a LLP ?Ans- A Limited Liability Partnership Completed in 14-20 days. The time taken for incorporation will depend on submission of relevant documents by the client and speed of Government Approvals. To ensure speedy incorporation, please choose a unique name for your LLP and ensure you have all the required documents prior to starting the incorporation process. f) Initial Documents Required ?Ans- For all Partners required DocumentsID Proof and Address Proof for all Partners.PAN Card Mandatorylatest utility bill (electric bill/telephone bill) for the property to be used for registered office (not older than 2 months)latest tax receipt/ownership deep of the property (not older than 2 monthsG) Government Charges and other legal expense for Incorporate LLP ?Director Partner Identification Number ( DPIN/DIN)- Costing for DIN 1000 Rupees on 2 Partners. its valid for Lifetime.Its just like UserId for the Partner.Digital Signature (DSC)– Costing vary from 2000 Rupees on 2 Partners. Its made by Sify, Emudra and some other companies and used for signing and filing forms during registrationApplication for Name Reservation- Costing is 500 Rupees. Its filed for reserve your LLP Name.Government Charges including Stamp Duty Costing around 750 Rupees.Preparing LLP Agreement by professional costing around 250 Rupees.Preparing LLP Partner Consent by Professional costing around 250 Rupees.Total Government Expenses around 4750 rupees to 5000 Rupees.H) Professional Charges which take by Professionals(CA/CS/CWA) in Market ?Ans- Professional Charges to Incorporate a LLP In India is from 4000 to 6000 Rupees & more.Any help regarding this, visit us at Wazzeer - Smart Platform for Legal, Accounting & Compliance services.Also read:Why Private Limited Companies convert into LLP?
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Is there a LegalZoom for Mexico?
A Quora inquiry is neither legal advice nor attorney work product. I am not your lawyer.While the answer others have given (“No”) is correct, I’d like to argue some of the reasoning.TL;DR:It’s not. As of right now, it’s only available in the U.S., although there have been plans announced to acquire a lawfirm in the UK. See: LegalZoom to make first UK acquisitionA note on other answers to this questionThe claim that “Mexico is not standardized” is at least as false as the claim that the U.S. is. Let me elaborate:For most of the reasons people need LegalZoom, which is fairly standardized documentation like wills, company charters of incorporation, or real estate deeds.Both the United States and Mexico are Federal countries, which means, among many other things, that some laws governing these documents (like tax laws stating how much tax should a corporation pay and how) are Federal, but most laws setting forth how the company is set up are State laws. (In Mexico’s case this is slightly different - most stock companies would be governed by Federal law, because they would be considered comerciantes (merchants) and therefore be subject to merchantile laws which are Federal - but I digress.)For the sake of example, if you wanted to incorporate a company in Mexico, you would have to go to a (State) Notary Public (who is a licensed attorney in Mexico), he or she would either draft the articles of incorporation or revise the ones you have drafted, seal the articles of incorporation and thereby issue a formal incorporation deed, then enroll the corporation into the Public Registry of Property (State) or Commerce (Federal) depending on whether the company is considered a merchant, and enroll the company with the Tax Registry (Federal).Depending on what the company does, its contracts and its activities will sometimes be regulated by State laws and sometimes by Federal laws - but this is at least as true for the U.S. as it is for Mexico.For example, in Mexico, only Federal authorities can authorize banks, whereas some U.S. states retain the power to issue State-only banking licenses; a Federal authorization is part of the myriad requirements needed to open a private hospital or import a medical device into Mexico, whereas in some limited cases, the U.S. allows State authorities to do it.As an important final note, it bears pointing out that, unlike the U.S., where State bar accreditation is required to practice law (which has raised interesting challenges for LegalZoom already - see Settlement Allows LegalZoom to Offer Legal Services in N.C.), in Mexico, all licensed attorneys can practice throughout the country. Recently, there have been attempts to change this through legislation, but to this date, they have not prospered.The ChallengeMany of the “traditional” criticisms for the lack of innovation in the global legal sector are doubly or triply true for Mexico, where the Chambers Tier 1 lawyers in each practice area have shown very similar names throughout at least the last 20 years. The pressure for top-tiered Mexican lawyers and lawfirms to innovate usually does not come so much from the innovative technologies making waves in other jurisdictions, but rather, from the competition that arises from the integration with (or assimilation by) “global” (but really mostly U.S.) law firms to smaller Mexican firms. (See for example Jones Day to Open New Office in Mexico City | Law.com, Baker & McKenzie, DLA Piper Beef Up Presence in Mexico | The American Lawyer, Greenberg Traurig’s Mexico City Office Celebrates 5th Anniversary | News | Greenberg Traurig LLP, to mention a few).In terms of legislation, Mexico is arguably on the vanguard of technology adoption - on paper. Contracts that are considered “commercial” acts for purposes of Mexican Federal commercial laws can, in theory, be valid if executed by e-mail, digitally signed, and even digitally signNowd if the law requires that they be, since at least 2005. The recent Fintech Law draft bill would have provided a fairly robust legal framework for a number of fintech market participants, from debt and equity crowdfunders to payment system providers and cryptocurrency exchanges, but it got suspended because of the earthquake and is in hiatus at least until Congress’s first ordinary sessions period.However, Mexican contracting parties have been slow and distrustful to adopt these new changes - I drafted my first memo on a client consult of the legality of digital contract in 2012, and saw my first digitally signed contract last week - this despite the fact that since 2003, the Mexican tax system requires all taxpayers to have an electronic signature that complies with the legal safety standards, and which can, in theory, be used to sign contracts.A lot of this resistance comes from the (correct or incorrect) appreciation in the market that Mexican courts would not necessarily understand or agree that a digital contract was concluded at a given point in time, despite the apparent clarity of “black letter law” in the matter.Nevertheless, many lawyers, including me, believe that this reluctance to embrace innovation can be overcome if and when more lawyers are the first to embrace these changes.The opportunityAs the 15th economy in the world, with a small-but-growing startup ecosystem greatly bolstered by government support across many administrations and more than one governing party, with many global corporations having a relatively strong presence, and with its proximity to the U.S., Mexico is an attractive destination for tourism, foreign investment, and even expats. These people all need legal services, and they would much prefer a service they are familiar with than a lawyer who, on occasions literally, doesn’t speak their language.In addition, the domestic market often complains about the fact that it does not understand what it is paying for when it retains legal services; especially when many lower-tier notaries and lawyers simply push forward their templates of legal documents and expect to charge for that.LegalZoom’s “self-help” offer of standardized documents with a ‘wizard’-type assistant to fill in blanks can be expanded fairly easily to include a repository of standardized Mexican documents in Spanish language, and rapidly complemented with natural language processing and machine translations (reviewed by Mexican lawyers who speak the client’s language) to prepare legal documents with their “courtesy translations” included for the client.Likewise, its more comprehensive offers, which include packages of legal consults with a licensed specialized attorney, can be resolved quickly by partnering with local firms much in the same way LegalZoom already does in the U.S. - without the added problem of needing one partner per state.In a limited number of cases, partnerships with notaries and digital certification service providers could allow LegalZoom to turn its standardized documents into actual signNowd deeds, certified digitally - thereby reducing duplication and messaging costs for both LegalZoom, its partners, and ultimately, the client.The marketA key factor for the success of a startup is its capacity to adapt its product to the markets it caters for. In this respect, LegalZoom’s market requires a fairly tech-savy customer - someone who, in addition to needing the service, at the very least owns a home computer and has relatively good internet access.Unfortunately, and despite a signNowly growing trend of further digital inclusion, this is still not true for an important sector of the Mexican market.The problemThe greatest resistance to change comes from the legal industry itself ( and by industry, I mean this in the broadest possible sense - including judges, officials and regulators). If judges cannot be convinced that the digitally signed contract is, in fact, a contract, or, for that matter, if trustees, banks, government officials and private counterparties still refuse to accept electronically signed documents or what they view as machine-generated content, LegalZoom would have to engage in costly litigation to get its document accepted.Furthermore, even this dire picture fails to take into account the reaction that traditional lawyers are likely to have to LegalZoom’s competition.ConclusionLegalZoom would, without a doubt, be welcome by clients in Mexico. Probably not so much by lawyers and regulators (but these resistances can be overcome). None of this is new for LegalZoom. The question, then, is whether the existing market for legal services in Mexico is best served by services provided in the form of a digital platform with self-help tools.I personally think it would be a great opportunity for LegalZoom.PostscriptLegalZoom - if you’re listening, should you ever take an interest in the Mexican market, some of us are very interested in seeing this change. It makes sense to signNow out to younger lawyers (myself included) and notaries public who can probably help.
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What forms of delayed retaliation and revenge have you experienced from a narcissist after going no contact?
Going no contact with a narcissist is a must and takes back power from them.Because you stood your ground and taken back power you’ve taken away their control. As control freaks they will now seek revenge.Anything petty is expected and it can turn nasty, you’ve caused a narcissistic injury and they now see you as all bad in their black and white thinking.The things they first found attractive in you are now the things they despise about you. They will seek to destroy you and cause you pain, often they will become obsessed with revenge.Posting pictures of new supplies, trying to ruin you financially, passive aggressive comments, smear campaigns, all go to tools for the narcissist.You’ve taken control and the power they had over you is no more, they now see you as something that must now be pulled down.To them now everything is a competition they must appear to be doing better than you, they’ve appeared to be something they’re not all their lives so appearing to be happy is easy for them as they literally live a lie.They seek to destroy you because they’re jealous of you, jelousy and envy go hand in hand, they must hide the jealous they have so they mask it with hate, they become so envious that they seek to destroy the traits and things you have because they will never have it themselves.Always remember they hate you because they envy you
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Is it common for Indian startups to raise convertible debt? Are Indian investors open to this option for early stage startups?
Convertible debt is probably the ONLY way to raise money for start up's in India!!Now, the debt is not 'pure' debt - its masked as 'Convertible Preference Shares' that is the only 'other' class of shares that the Indian Companies Act allows (other than regular, equity shares).These shares are subscribed at a premium (being the valuation agreed to and the money coming into the Company).These 'Convertible Pref shares (CPP)' usually have a interest coupon (term sheets come with as high as 10%!!) - that I always suggest be beaten down to 1-2 % (because the investor is actually giving you equity!)Also, the CPP has a 'convertible' option which allows the investor to 'convert' the CPP shares into regular shares at any time they wish. This clause takes care of ratcheting and participation in the Company's cap table as and when the occasion arises (if this sounds like rocket science, I will be giving some more explanations later)The CPP protects the investor because Preference Shares in India are given priority in liquidation (winding up) events! Please read these two detailed blogs (like stories) I have written on the subject of raising capital WITH the right documentation in place:1. The 3 deadly weapons (in term sheets) that Kill Entrepreneurs..Once upon a time, in a land not so far away, two dynamic entrepreneurs - Bakra and Bakri got together and started up an amazing e-commerce business to sell sheep wool online! Within a few months their business was rocking; orders were pouring in from all over the world, page views & comScore numbers were soaring and the servers and the site were happily crashing. This was indeed a great start up. One day, on a midsummer night, they heard a knock on their cottage door, and when they opened it, a dark skinned man in a black suit, black shoes and black umbrella, with gelled black hair, holding a black satchel greeted them. ‘Hi’ he said, ‘My name is VC, and I am here to fund you’. Over the next few days, VC patiently explained how he would invest his humongous dollars into Bakra and Bakri’s start up, so as to scale it and make it profitable and ‘Nasdaq’able’. On the final day, VC didn’t meet them, but sent them a terse mail that read ‘Term Sheet attached. Sign and Return’. Bakra and Bakri were innocent entrepreneurs and decided to forward the same mail to Rodinhood – the Prince of Entrepreneurs who lived in the Forest of Enterprise. When Rodinhood read the term sheet, he found the same 3 deadly weapons he had suspected - well concealed and embedded inside the document. These, if not disengaged, could kill or at least severely damage Bakra and Bakri’s economic progress. This is what he identified: 1. The Shot Gun: The ESOP carve out Clause In the clause of ‘ESOP’ or employee stock option plan, the term sheet stated that the entrepreneurs (B&B) would carve out 10% of the share of the Company PRIOR to the funding. The weapon was the word PRIOR. It meant that B&B would have to further dilute 10% of their OWN stocks to make way for future employees, (who would work for the Company and actually benefit all the owners). In his explanation Rodinhood wrote to B&B that the carve out of ESOP's PRIOR to the funding was unfair on two counts: a) It should come from the share of every owner of the company’s share and hence POST not PRIOR to the funding since the benefit accrues to all owners as the company grows b) In case of non-allotment of the complete 10%, the Investors would share the residual shares as well! Hence this was an indirect ploy to get more shares of the promoters under the guise of an ESOP plan. Rodinhood’s final advise was – Try and negotiate esop dilution after funding and limit the commitment to 5% to begin with, since no one knows at the start of a business what really the esop pool requirement will be. 2. The Samurai Sword – The Liquidation Preference Multiple Clause The term sheet stated that on liquidation of the Company, the VC would receive 2x of the money invested. This meant that upon Liquidation (and this interpretation could include an exit), the VC would first take home not just the amount invested in the Business but DOUBLE of the same – so 2x of the investment!Hence, no matter what the outcome, the VC would enjoy a 100% return on his investment; Bakra and Bakri would be left with what remained if anything at all. Rodinhood’s comment was that if VC means Venture Capital, it should remain Venture Capital and not Vampire Capital. Hence, the fair multiple was 1x of the principal back and NOT 2x or 3x etc, etc, in favor of the VCs. 1x ensured return of Capital and nothing more if the Company was sold in extraneous circumstances. 3. The Nuclear Bomb – the Preferred and Participating Clause In this Term Sheet, the clause ‘Preferred and Participating’ made Rodinhood's Marwari blood boil. This was the classic nuclear bomb aimed at the entrepreneurs.It meant that in case of a sale, FIRST the VC would take home 2x of his investment. Then, on the remainder, the VC would take his legitimate %.So, assume that Bakra and Bakri’s Company raised Rs 100 from VC at a 30% dilution. Also let's assume that after 4 years, the business would sell at Rs 800. Logically, VC would take home 30% of Rs 800 or Rs 240? Correct? Wrong!!Under the preferred and participating this is what would happen:As per the ‘Preferred’ clause, VC would first take home 2*100 (2x liquidation preference) = Rs 200. As per the ‘Participating’ clause, OF THE MONEY THAT REMAINED – Rs 600, VC would take home 30% or Rs 180. Hence the total money that the VC would take home would be 200+180 = 380 instead of 240! In other words, the Equity of VC just became 47.5% rather than the original 30% only because of this Draconian Clause. Rodinhood sent his comments back to Bakra and Bakri with the above explanations and the final advise – ‘no matter what anyone tells you, including myself – do what’s right for yourself and your business. Just try and remove or disengage these weapons as best as you can. Always remember –when you have a good thing going, capital chases entrepreneurs and you must negotiate justly and hard’.****Story 2. The 6 Dangerous Bombs in Share Holders Agreements & how entrepreneurs can diffuse them.Bakra &Bakri (B&B) – two successful entrepreneurs had just started an e-commerce business to sell their sheep wool online and were a happy lot. They had negotiated their term sheet with Mr. VC and were sitting back in their cottage backyard, nursing single malts. They always drank “Ballantine 17 years”. Bose’s garden speakers were playing ‘don’t stop thinking about tomorrow’ by Fleetwood Mac. Bakra’s iPhone beeped; a message from the VC read ‘Check mail. SHA attached’. Even while he was pulling away the wool from his eyes, Bakra forwarded the sms and the mail to Rodinhood – the Prince of Entrepreneurs who lived in the forest of Enterprise. Rodinhood was a friend of all the Bakras and Bakris who guided and consulted entrepreneurs in their start up life. Rodinhood read the message and immediately got down to work. As he opened the SHA (share holders agreement), he took a deep breath. This was the most important document for any entrepreneur and he was determined to be thorough and fair in his perusal and remarks. 1) Definitions. First Rodinhood carefully went through the ‘Definitions or ‘Recitals’ – the bullet like descriptions of key terms in the beginning of the agreement and made sure that they were in order. For instance, Rodinhood checked the definition of ‘FMV’ (Fair Market Value) and checked it read fairly. The recitals are important because there are acronyms used multiple times across the agreement and these acronyms are detailed in the recitals. Rodinhood considered the definition of ‘Control’ and checked if the explanation defined Control as 50% or 51% or was it a loose, under defined meaning. Each interpretation of the definition of control for instance had a different outcome in the long term. To keep himself relaxed, Rodinhood was sipping Perrier on the rocks, in his favorite rock glass, garnished with a twist of Lime. Beethoven’s Emperor Concerto was playing in the background. The atmosphere was ‘cordial’ enough to come to terms with an SHA. 2) Pre Emptive Rights. Swiftly, Rodinhood came across ‘Pre Emptive Rights’ (the terms that allowed existing shareholders to participate in a new issue first) – and they seemed fine. But he still went through the section once again. 3) Representations and Warranties. On Reps and Warranties – Rodinhood made a side note to ask Bakra and Bakri if they had ‘shared’ everything with Mr. VC? Rodinhood always believed that it was most prudent to reveal everything about the Company to an investor BEFORE taking in their money. If there were secret promoters or other shareholders, they ought to be made public and given shares before the Company was finally structured. Also, if the Company had received some vague legal threat or was under the cloud of potential litigation, it was most important to reveal it all to the VCs. Thinking ‘let me handle this after I get the money in the bank’ is suicidal for entrepreneurs. In Reps and Warranties, Rodinhood wondered how Bakra and Bakri had reflected their personal loans invested in the Company and what was their agreement with the VC. Rodinhood personally had a view that all ‘moneys’ of entrepreneurs into their own Company be treated as loans and returned gently over a period of time; post funding. Rodinhood felt that his concept was right because the entrepreneurs were putting in their sweat, blood and tears into this start up which was way beyond a few lacs of money. Besides moneys taken from relatives, friends and even piggy bank savings were best returned to entrepreneurs so that they could focus solely on the business. The rock glass was sweating as the ice and Perrier got acquainted. The lime slice was quickly become the stranger in the mix. 4) Restrictions on Transfer of Shares. Was the next section that made Rodinhood sit up. This SHA locked 75% of the entrepreneurs’ shares in an escrow to be earned back by the entrepreneurs over a period of 3 years. While Rodinhood accepted that VCs needed to ‘lock-in’ entrepreneurs by locking in their entrepreneur shares over the next few years in the Company (post its funding so as to protect the VC’s from founders just walking away), Rodinhood always had the following tenets for entrepreneurs: Entrepreneurs could always try and negotiate the maximum number of shares % ‘outside’ the purview of the lock in. The standard was 25% (so 75% got locked in), but negotiating 33% was not difficult. The unlocked % depended on the life cycle of progress at which time the start up was getting funded (the later the time to funding, the higher the unlocked shares %)The ‘release’ of the locked in shares could be structured ‘monthly’ rather than ‘quarterly’ and at worst ‘yearly’.The maximum period of lock in could be a maximum of 36 months.The MOST important aspect was WHAT would happen to locked/escrowed shares in the event that the promoter LEFT the Company. The best outcome would be for the Company/VCs to buy the shares back from the entrepreneur at Fair Market Value and the worse would be that the entrepreneur shares flowed back to the ESOP pool or to the VCs at the price the promoter paid for them (par value).Rodinhood’s rational on fair pricing for the exit price of the promoter (in such extraneous events) was the logic that a lot could happen in 3 years. The industry could change tremendously – the VC’s and other founders may completely want to take the business in another direction. Hence it was important that the VALUE created at the time of departure of the promoter be captured and handed over to her. The agreement was now half way reviewed and Rodinhood took a break to stretch his legs. He changed the Emperor Concerto that had just finished playing the second time to Mahler’s Syphony No 1 ‘The Titan’. Rodinhood needed his favorite symphony to give him a natural high at this point. 5) TAG ALONG rights. In this SHA, the tag along rights read like they always did. Rodinhood had one very important point on this. In the part where it was clear that the investors could ‘tag along’ with the promoter in the event that the promoter was selling and the investors also wanted to exit, Rodinhood made sure that in the event of less than a 100% exit of all shares, everyone in the Company sold their shares pro-rata. To explain his point, Rodinhood added this side note to Bakra and Bakri (B&B): Imagine if after a few years, your business is doing well, and you meet a Company called Goat and Sheep (G&S) of Britain who have a similar business like yours; but their business is much larger and is publicly listed. G&S love what B&B do and the fact that B&B are in India – so offer to buy B&B out. However, they want only 51% of the Company. As per the existing ‘Tag Along’ rights, while you (B&B) make the effort of finding an acquirer and negotiating the best price, the B&B Company investors (who say would own 60% of the Company) will have the rights to TAG ALONG with B&B. In the present agreement, the investors in B&B had the Tag Along rights to offer their ENTIRE portion of shares first and then allow the rest to be sold by B&B. Given that 51% was being bought out, it would mean that none of Bakra and Bakri’s shares would be acquired by G&S! This will leave B&B stuck with the Goat and Sheep Company who would never offer to buy B&B’s remaining shares out! So, in the event of a partial sale, it was critical to negotiate ‘pro-rata’ tag along rights so that in case of, say 51% being acquired by Goat and Sheep, EVERYONE in the B&B Company has a right to tag along – thereby benefiting promoters, investors and of course ESOP share holders. This pro rata tag-along was very important when strategic companies acquired operating firms. Rodinhood took the last swig of what remained of the Perrier and chewed on the ice cubes that had come along. The twisted lime now looked like a complete stranger in the glass. 6) DRAG ALONG rights. Came next. Rodinhood thoroughly went through the clauses and they read exactly the way they were supposed to. He sighed. He had no comments to make on the same – despite having fought and won a bitter battle on these same rights. Just to make B&B understand the implications of DRAG ALONG - Rodinhood inserted a hyperlink of his classic blog post (the toughest decisio... relating to this subject for Bakra and Bakri’s reference reading and left it at that. The rest of the document read fine. Rodinhood made sure to point out that it was nice to keep the Board as small as possible (two from the promoters side and one from the investors), so as to be able to accommodate a larger board with subsequent investments. Finally, Rodinhood made a footnote for B&B to diligently make sure that the Conversion, Liquidation Preference and ESOP clauses were in accordance with what was negotiated in the term sheet. These 3 terms were as important as the 6 terms described above. The evening had burst into the night. Rodinhood smiled as he mailed the SHA with his remarks to Bakra and Bakri. He was happiest helping fellow entrepreneurs and this was truly one of those moments.***I hope this helps!!
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