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Google and Wikipedia are your friends…I’m your friend too, so let me describe the different variants of the Boeing 747 for you on Quora:747–100First flight: February 9, 1969Number built: 168We start with the first generation 747. The prototype aircraft was named City of Everett, and it took off from the Boeing Field in Washington for its maiden flight.The inaugural commercial 747 flight took place on January 22, 1970. The plane serving the flight was Clipper Victor, the 11th Jumbo Jet built.On August 2, 1970, this plane was involved in the first ever hijacking of a 747. Pan Am Flight 299 was hijacked en-route to San Juan with 379 people aboard.The hijacker had a gun and explosives, and he demanded the captain to fly the plane to Cuba. The captain complied with his order.Having been notified of the hijacking, Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro visited Jose Marti Airport to witness the landing of a 747—a plane he had never seen before.Castro was intrigued by the unprecedented size of the Jumbo Jet. When the captain disembarked the plane with the terrorist, Castro bombarded the captain with questions about the jet’s capabilities, seemingly forgetting that he had just endured the sheer terror of a hijack.Unfortunately, Clipper Victor would later be involved in the worst aviation accident ever. On March 27, 1977, while operating as Pan Am Flight 1736, the plane was struck by KLM Flight 4805 on a runway, resulting in 583 fatalities.The second Boeing 747 ever built was turned into a noodle restaurant after retiring from service. However, the restaurant failed and the plane was scrapped.747–100SRFirst flight: August 31, 1973Number built: 7When Japanese airlines requested a high-capacity, domestic version of the 747, Boeing launched the 747–100 Short-Range. This variant has lower fuel capacity, and higher payload allowance. This is the first airliner to be configured to carry more than 500 passengers. Japan Airlines’ 747–100SR can carry up to 550 passengers.As the –100SR was designed to perform twice as many flight cycles as the –100, Boeing had to strengthen its airframe and landing gear.A –100SR was involved in the deadliest single-aircraft aviation accident, when Japan Airlines Flight 123 crashed in 1985, killing 520 people.▲ The aircraft involved in the tragedy.747–100BFirst flight: June 20, 1979Number built: 9This variant borrowed the stronger fuselage and landing gear design from the 747–100SR. Compared to the 747–100, it has a greater fuel capacity and longer range. Boeing also offered new engine options.In 1996, an Ilyushin Il-76TD struck a Boeing 747–100B flying at about 14,000 feet, resulting in the most fatal mid-air collision in history.747–100B SRFirst flight: November 3, 1978Number built: 20The difference between this model and the regular 747–100SR is an increased maximum take-off weight.747–100B SR SUDFirst flight: February 26, 1986Number built: 2This model has the same features as the 747–100B SR, but with a Stretched Upper Deck that is around 7 meters longer, providing a 10% increase in capacity and allowing for more seats. This new upper deck also came with a pair of full-size emergency exit doors for faster evacuation.▲ This image depicts an actual 747–100, not a –300.747–100SFThe 747–100 Special Freighter is a 747–100 converted to carry cargo. A main-deck side cargo door and cargo loading mechanisms were added. The main deck was strengthened to accommodate the increased weight of the payload.If you look closely at the image below, you’ll be able to see three exit doors that are sealed off, and the side cargo door behind the wing.747SPFirst flight: July 4, 1975Number built: 45The 747 Special Performance is truly unique and quirky. It is derived from the 747–100, and it’s about 14.7 meters shorter than a regular 747. It also has one less pair of exit doors on the main deck.It has a stubby fuselage, a huge vertical stabiliser, four turbofan engines and two passenger decks. It just looks ludicrous, and wonderful.The following was stated in Boeing’s 1984 edition of “747 Airplane Characteristics — Airport Planning”:[The 747SP] can fly higher, faster and farther than any other wide-body aircraft, and as a result serves well on long-distance air routes that do not require the size of the standard 747.The 747SP apparently had a top speed of approximately Mach 0.92 (630 mph/ 1013 kmh).One plane was involved in a near-disaster. In February 1985, China Airlines Flight 6 plummeted 30,000 feet in under 2 and a half minutes, before the pilots were able to regain control and level their jet out at 9,600 feet. The flight landed safely.▲ Damage sustained by the plane’s empennageThe plane was repaired, but its wings were permanently bent upwards by 5 cm.747–200BFirst flight: October 11, 1970Number built: 225The “second-generation” 747 entered service in February 1971, just a year after the original model. It has more powerful engines, higher maximum take-off weight and longer range.The 747-200B denotes the “basic” passenger version.▲ The KLM 747–200B that collided with Clipper Victor on the runway747–200FFirst flight: Early 1972Number built: 73This is the first freighter version of the 747 to be manufactured by Boeing.Boeing stated that this plane has “virtually” the same cargo space as the 747–100SF.747–200CFirst flight: Early 1973Number built: 13Equipped with a nose cargo door, the 747–200 Convertible is capable of being quickly converted from a passenger aircraft to a cargo aircraft, and vice versa. It can also carry a mix of cargo and passengers.▲ There are passenger windows on the nose cargo door.An El Al Boeing 747–200C carried a record-breaking 1,087 passengers on a single flight during Operation Solomon in 1991 (figure excludes babies board on the flight).747–200MFirst flight: Late 1974Number built: 78Also known as the –200B Combi, this plane is functionally similar to the –200C. It was built with a passenger cabin in the front half of the plane, and a cargo compartment in the back half.This model does not have a nose cargo door. Instead, a left-side main-deck cargo door was implemented near the rear of the aircraft. Unlike the –200C, this model cannot be converted into an all-cargo configuration.747 (SUD)While Boeing built the 747–100B SR SUD from scratch, they offered the Stretched Upper Deck as a retrofit to the 747–100B, 747–100SR, 747–200B and 747–200M variants.These images show the SUD modification process:All 747s that were upgraded with the extended upper deck were designated as “SUD” models. For example, the “747–200B SUD”.▲ Top: An original KLM 747–200B | Bottom: The same plane with the SUD upgrade747–300First flight: October 5, 1982Number built: 56The 747–300 is the third-generation passenger 747, and it came with the stretched upper deck as standard. To reiterate, the upper deck was stretched to be about 7 meters longer than older, non-retrofitted 747s, and it came with a pair of full-size exit doors.Boeing gave customers the option for updated engines, or the same engines from the 747–200 models.While older 747 variants had spiral staircases connecting the two passenger decks, the 747–300 featured a new staircase design which occupied less space in the cabin, providing room for more seats.▲ Left: Spiral staircase on a 747–200B | Right: Staircase on the 747–300747–300MFirst flight: Late 1982Number built: 21As with the 747–200M, the updated –300M can carry passengers and freight on the main deck. It is also referred to as the 747–300 Combi.747–300SRFirst flight: Late 1987Number built: 4This plane was once again introduced for Japanese airlines. It has a capacity of 584 passengers.747–300SFBoeing didn’t produce a freighter version of the 747–300, but they initiated a modification program in May 2000 to turn the passenger variants into cargo planes.747–400First flight: April 29, 1988Number built: 442The fourth-generation 747 introduced numerous structural and technological advancements, providing greater efficiency. It has more range, more fuel tanks, longer wings, and new wingtips that increase fuel efficiency by 4%.More importantly, this model came equipped with a glass cockpit consisting of multifunctional digital screens, which supersede many analog instruments. More computerised flight control systems were implemented, eliminating the need for a flight engineer and largely reducing the amount of knobs, dials and switches.Additionally, the model came with new powerplants choices and a refreshed passenger cabin. With 442 planes constructed, the 747–400 is the most popular 747 model.Unsurprisingly, the 1000th 747 produced is a 747–400.▲ This plane was delivered to Singapore Airlines in October 1993.747–400FFirst flight: Late 1993Number built: 126The freighter version of the 747–400.Since an extended upper deck is redundant and adds weight to the aircraft, every 747–400F retained the same upper deck dimensions as the 747–200F.747–400MFirst flight: Mid 1989Number built: 61Otherwise known as the 747–400 Combi, this aircraft can haul passengers and cargo on the main deck. Compared to older Combi aircraft, this model came with enhanced fire protection systems.The 747th 747 was a –400M. It was delivered to Lufthansa in September 1989.747–400DFirst flight: Early 1991Number built: 19For their high-capacity, short-range 747–400, Boeing decided to drop the “SR” label in favour of a new name, the 747–400 Domestic.Yet again, this variant was produced for the Japanese market. Because it’s tailored for short-haul flights, no winglets were installed on newly-manufactured 747–400D. Boeing later offered the winglets as a retrofit.This airplane has a maximum capacity of 660 passengers in a single-class configuration.747–400ERFirst flight: July 2002Number built: 6The 747–400 Extended Range was launched with an option of one or two additional fuel tanks in the forward cargo bay. Structural modifications allowed for a higher maximum takeoff weight.▲ Qantas is the sole operator of the –400ERThe Boeing Signature Interior, which debuted on the Boeing 777, was installed on every 747–400ER.The 747–400ER is expected to be retired by 2020.747-400ERFFirst flight: September 2002Number built: 40This model can fly 525 kilometres farther than the standard 747–400F. Like the -400ER, this plane has a more robust structure, enabling higher maximum takeoff weight allowance.747-400BCFFirst flight: October 5, 2005Every 747–400 Boeing Converted Freighter was once a passenger 747–400. Boeing appoints contractors like HAECO and SIAEC to perform the conversion work.Like the –400F, it has a side main-deck door situated behind the wings.747–8IFirst flight: March 20, 2011Number built: 47 as of September 2018Initially named the 747 Advanced, the 747–8 Intercontinental was launched in 2005.This model was developed with technologies and design derived from the 787. For the first time, Boeing lengthened the 747’s airframe. As a result, the 747–8I is the longest 747, and the longest commercial aircraft to date.It is powered by GEnX engines, the same ones found on the 787.The 747–8I features a redesigned wing and raked wingtips inspired by the 787. To reduce weight and improve efficiency, parts of the wings are constructed using carbon-fibre composites.It comes with updated flight deck systems and avionics, along with the Boeing Sky Interior. Its passenger windows are 16% larger than those on the 747–400, but unlike the 787, the windows don’t dim electrically.747–8FFirst flight: February 8, 2010Number built: 82 as of September 2018This freighter aircraft shares many attributes with the 747–8I, including its record fuselage length. However, the dimensions of the upper deck remain identical to original 747.The two 747–8 models are 5.6 meters longer than older 747 models, and 20.3 meters longer than the 747SP. They were stretched in different areas to suit their purposes:DreamlifterFirst flight: September 9, 2006Number converted: 4The 747–400 Large Cargo Freighter, better known as the Dreamlifter, is an oversized cargo transporter. This colossal aircraft has three times the cargo capacity of a –400F. It was exclusively designed and used by Boeing to carry parts of the 787 Dreamliner from suppliers around the world to the assembly plant.Like the –400BCF, this airplane model was converted from passenger 747–400s.▲ This 747–400 is one of the 4 aircraft to be modified into Dreamlifters.The first Dreamlifter rolled out of the hangar in August 2006, and it wasn’t particularly sightly. Then-president of Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Scott Carson, was reportedly heard apologising to the designer of the 747, Joe Sutter, by saying:[Sorry] for what we did to your plane.VC-25AFirst flight: May 16, 1987Number built: 2Commonly mistaken as the “Air Force One”, the VC-25A is a heavily modified version of the 747–200B. It’s only known as Air Force One when the POTUS is on board.In recent years, it has made many cameo appearances in tabloid newspapers.VC-25BFirst flight: July 8, 2016 (as a 747–8I)Number to be converted: 2The VC-25B will supplant the ageing VC-25A. It should be operational by 2024.To keep costs low, the US Air Force purchased two 747–8I airplanes that were originally built for a Russian airline which went bankrupt.▲ The two undelivered 747s destined to be VC-25Bs, stored in the Mojave desert747 SupertankerFirst flight: February 19, 2004Number converted: 3This is a Boeing 747 variant that was transformed into an aerial firefighting air tanker. It can carry up to 74,000 litres of fire retardant or water, and holds the record for the largest firefighting aircraft.Three Supertankers were built from a 747–100, –200C and –400BCF. However, only two entered service. This image below shows the 747–100 Supertanker:Presently, only the 747–400BCF Supertanker is in service.▲ This passenger plane was first converted into a freighter, then an air tanker.SOFIAFirst flight: April 26, 2007The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy is a heavily retrofitted 747SP. It has a telescope installed near the rear of the airframe, and flies at up to 45,000 feet during its missions.This 747SP was formerly owned by Pan Am, and subsequently United.▲ SOFIA, before make-up▲ SOFIA, after make-upBoeing YAL-1First flight: July 18, 2002This plane was once a 747–400F, before becoming the YAL-1 Airborne Laser. It has an infrared chemical laser mounted on its nose, which was intended to destroy tactical ballistic missiles.▲ This plane gives Rudolph a run for its moneyThe plane successfully destroyed two test missiles. However, it was expensive and not operationally feasible. Hence, it was scrapped in 2014.Boeing E-4First flight: June 13, 1973Number built: 4The E-4 is an airborne strategic command and control post. It is derived from the 747–200B. When in operation, the E-4 is identified as a “National Airborne Operations Center”.This plane is capable of aerial refuelling, and was designed to remain airborne for a week during an emergency.▲ This 747 variant has a hump on top of its hump, which houses an antenna.There are two versions of the model, the E-4A and E-4B. The US Air Force initially had three E-4A planes. In 1979, Boeing delivered a new E-4, with upgraded equipment, which was designated as the E-4B. Thereafter, the E-4A jets were refurbished to become E-4B models.Shuttle Carrier AircraftFirst flight with a space shuttle: February 18, 1977Number converted: 2The Shuttle Carrier Aircraft was designed to transport space shuttles from landing sites back to the launch complex. In 1974, an American Airlines 747–100 was acquired by NASA and turned into the SCA.During the maiden flight with an orbiter, Enterprise, the SCA signNowed a speed of 462 km/h (287 mph), and an altitude of 16,000 feet.In 1988, a 747–100SR was obtained from Japan Airlines and converted into a second SCA.▲ The SCA piggybacking Space Shuttle Enterprise▲ Space Shuttle Endeavour riding on the SCAAfter the conclusion of the space shuttle program, the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft carried the shuttles from the Kennedy Space Centre to various museums.Thereafter, the SCA were sourced for spare parts that could be reused on SOFIA. Both planes are now preserved at museums.▲ The 747–100 SCA on display at Space Center HoustonJumbohostelFirst night: January 15, 2009This 747–200B was transformed into a hostel.After some additional work, the engine nacelles were turned into small rooms.Let’s move on to some 747 variants that were conceptualised but never built.747 trijetPeriod of study: Late 1960s — Early 1970sBoeing engineers crafted a concept for a 747 trijet to compete with the DC-10 and L-1011, but they realised it was too costly to develop. Boeing engineers figured that making a three-engine version of the 747 would require a redesign of the wings and the vertical stabiliser, along with other hassles that made the concept uneconomical.So, Boeing scrapped the 747 trijet.747–500X/ –600X/ –700XAnnounced: September 2, 1996Boeing proposed three versions of the 747 with longer fuselages as potential competitors to the hypothetical A3XX plane, which would later become the A380.The concept models were to feature an improved wing design taken from the Boeing 777, more landing gear wheels and a new interior design.▲ 747–400 (Top) compared to the 500X and 600XThe 747–600X and –700X were planned to receive longer and wider fuselages, while retaining the existing wing dimensions and landing gear structures. Furthermore, Boeing stated that the –700X would potentially have a capacity of 650 passengers in a typical three-class configuration.The –500X and –600X were offered for sale at the 1996 Farnborough Airshow, but they didn’t receive any orders. Thereafter, Boeing axed these three models.Oh and one last variant…747–8 PSPImagined: October 18, 2018The Boeing 747–8 Photoshopped Special Performance is the chubbiest 747 ever.Thanks for viewing.// //If you’re interested to know how the worst aviation accident in history happened, and learn about other mid-air disasters, check out Isaac Low's answer to Have planes crashed into each other?Image sources1st — General Aviation News2nd — Aviation Safety Network3rd — The Pan Am Historical Foundation4th — Vecamspot5th — SOBIFY6th — Wikimedia Commons7th — National Geographic8th — Wikimedia Commons9th — Dennis HKG/Flickr10th — Wikimedia Commons11th — Wikimedia Commons12th — Wikimedia Commons13th — Airliners[.]net14th — Cargo Facts15th — NACOE16th — Airline Reporter17th — Top: Airport-Data[.]com | Bottom: Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives18th — Airlines Inform19th — Left: Sam Chui | Right: Airliners[.]net20th — Airplane-Pictures[.]net21st — Wikimedia Commons22nd — Rohan Patel/Flickr23rd — Wikimedia Commons24th — Air Charter25th — (Thumbnail of YouTube video by akino33 Aviation Video Channel)26th — Wikimedia Commons27th — Airliners[.]net28th — Airplane-Pictures[.]net29th — Wikimedia Commons30th — Wikimedia Commons31st — Wired32nd — Modern Airliners33rd — Wikimedia Commons34th — australianaviation[.]com[.]au35th — JetPhotos36th — indicator[.]gr37th — unilad[.]co[.]uk38th — Defense One39th — Planespotters[.]net40th — The Gazette41st — Wikimedia Commons42nd — Wikimedia Commons43rd — SOFIA Science Centre44th — Wikimedia Commons45th — Wikimedia Commons46th — Wikimedia Commons47th — NASA48th — Wikimedia Commons49th — Amusing Planet50th — Hostelworld[.]com51st — robertcatanescu[.]wordpress[.]com52nd — Simple Flying53rd — Boeing Images54th — Wikimedia Commons (photo edited by me)Note: Due to Quora’s policy, I cannot add the image URL sources in my answer. 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The history of Manbhum begins with The Diwani (the right to collect taxes) of Bengal province (Bengal, Bihar and Urishya) being handed over to the British East India Company after the Mughal ruler Shah Alam II and his allies were defeated in the Battle of Buxar[1].[“Shah 'Alam conveying the grant of the Diwani to Lord Clive”- panting by Benjamin West | image source]Manbhum district was created as a part of organizational restructure (for efficiency in revenue collection) of the British East India Company administration after the Charter Act in 1833[2][3][4] [5] .Manbajar was selected as the district town of this new district[6] . District capital was later shifted to Purulia in 1838[7] .Parts of this district is now constituted in Pashcim (west) Bardhaman, Purulia, and Bankura (of West Bengal) and Dhanbad, Dhalbhum and Saraikela-Kharsawan (of Jharkhand)[8][9] .Manbhum district was consecutively reduced in size in 1845, 1846, 1871 and 1879. After the last reduction, the area of the district was reduced to 10,650 square-kilometres from the initial 20,450.5 square-kilometres[10] [11] .The division of Bengal as proposed by Curzon was rolled back, in 1911–12[12] . On 22 March, Bengal was divided into Bengal and Bihar-Orissa- two provinces[13] [14] . Manbhum was placed in Bihar-Orissa despite the fact that majority were Bengali speaking people[15][16] .[Manbhum district on middle-right portion of the Bihar-Orissa province. (p. 89 of Census of India, 1911)| image source]The Bengali commonners and intelligentsia opposed the move. Even prominent Biharis such as Sachchidananda Sinha, Md. Fakhruddin, Deep Narayan Singh (later Chief Minister of Bihar) voiced their protest against this.The frontrunners in freedom movement, the National Congress always believed in the ideology of Indian states formed based on the major spoken languages[17] . Gandhiji and Jawaharlal Nehru both supported the idea of provinces based on languages [math]^{1}[/math]. In 1920 Nagpur Session of Congress, which was presided over by C. Vijayaraghavachariar discussed on and passed resolution to form states based on languages[18].The Bihar-Orissa province was broken and two separate states- Bihar and Orissa were curved out of it in 1935[19] [20] . And Manbhum was kept in Bihar despite the fact that 87 percent were Bengali speakers (1937 census of India)[21][22][23] .[Cropped image of Indian map in 1951, notice how West Bengal is sans Purulia. (Territory outside India is marked as per their present name) | image source]The then President of Congress, Dr. Rajendraprasad (also the first president of Independent India), formed “Manbhum Bihari Samiti” to ensure the interests of the Hindi-speaking people of Manbhum. Another organization was set up under the leadership of the legendary Barrister, who became a judge at the young age of 37 years, PR Das[24][25] [the brother of Deshbandhu (Friend of the Nation) Chittaranjan Das]- “Manbhum Bengali Samiti” to ensure the welfare of Bengali speaking people of the district[26] .Bihar state government opened several Hindi medium schools in Manbhum, a Bengali majority state, but did not open any Bengali medium school. So the Bengali speaking people of Manbhum district started to open Bengali medium schools on their own based on requirement and as a sign of protest[27] .India gained Independence on 15 August, 1947.On 17 June, 1948, a committee was set up by Dr. Rajendraprasad to enquire whether it was advisable to create language based provinces in India as promised by Indian National Congress in earlier times[28] .By this time, Congress top brass started to actively resist to the idea of language based provinces. They thought that it would be harmful for national integrity and harmony.The committee constituted of Justice SK Dar (Ex- Justice of Allahabad High-court), JN Lal (an attorney) and Mr. Panna Lall (Retired bureaucrat)[29] . On 10 December, 1948 it submitted its report. It reported that it won’t be good for greater good of India to form provinces based on languages. To quote it- “the formation of provinces on exclusively or even mainly linguistic considerations is not in the larger interests of the Indian nation”. It prescribed that provinces should be set up based on geographical proximity, advantages in administering and economic reasons[30][31] .The committee’s reports were much resented by the people.In the annual Congress session (Jaypur) of the year, a new high profile committee was set up regarding this matter. It constituted of Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel and Pattabhi Sitaramayya (JVP Committee). It reported that, based on popular demand, the country would think on creating language based provinces. Though there would be some exceptions- keeping in mind the greater good of India[32][33] .When the central government was busy in considering that whether language was a good and safe ground to divide and form new provinces upon, the Bihar state government suddenly announced Hindi as the only official language of the state.It was decreed that-Only Hindi were to be taught to the children from primary level.All of the schools’ signboards should be written in Hindi only. (School Inspector Circular No. 700/5R dated 18 March, 1948)No Bengali prayer song was allowed any more in school assembly. “Ramdhun”, a hindi song replaced whatever assembly prayer song was sung in Bengali medium schools. (School Inspector Circular No. 700/5R dated 18 March, 1948)It was mandatory for the Bengali speakers to always carry a domicile certificate and to produce it whenever demanded by authority.Only language of communication to/from government was set to Hindi.[34][35][36]Bengali people were getting restless and protests were being held.On, 30 April, 1948, under the presidency of Atul Chandra Ghosh, in Congress session (held in Jitan village in Bandoan), the Manbhum District Committee of Congree tried to discuss the inclusion of Manbhum in Bengal, but no resolution could be introduced as it was deliberately suppressed by Hindi speaking members.In 30 May, a vote was taken in this matter whether the local Congress Committee will support the drive in Purulia to let Bengali be official language of Manbhum. The resolution was defeated 43-55.[37]The Bihar State Government became vigilant in enforcing the laws that opposed the use of Bengali.[Atul Chandra Ghosh: a prominent freedom fighter and a key figure in the Bengali Language Movement in Manbhum | image source]On 14 June, 1948, 37 respected Congress leaders including Atul Chandra Ghosh (also the founding Secretary of Manbhum District Congress), Bibhutibhushan Dashgupta, Arunchandra Ghosh quit Congress and formed “Lok Sevak Sangha” to ensure Bengali and Bengali speakers get respect and decenct treatment in the district. They followed the path of Mahatma Gandhi and started Satyagraha movement.[38] [39]The main agenda of this organization included peaceful protests, demonstrations and Arandhana (no cooking in houses) vows etc. To curb this popular movement, Bihar State Government stopped supplying rice to Manbhum. To remedy this, the organizers started importing rice from Bankura. This constituted Food Satyagraha.[40]When the commoners behind this movement wanted to sell their farming instruments such as ploughs to fund the movement, the state government banned selling of farming instruments, but people did it anyway in a stunt to break the law. This formed Haal-jowal Satyagraha (Plough Satyagraha).[41]The Bihar State Government then banned all marches and demonstrations of the Bengali language movement.[42] Reportedly, this worsened the overall situation. And the movement went on for years.Bengali periodicals and magazines such as “Mukti”, “Marmabani”, “Kalyan Barta”, “Harijan Kalyan Sangbad”, “Palli Sewak”, “Tapoban”, “Agragami” and “Manbhum” played an important role spreading the news and awareness among people about the movement. The opposing party also published “Nirala”, “Pragati”, “Nirman”, “Prajatantra”, “Jana Sewak” etc.[43]Then the Satyagrahis used the very popular and centuries old folk songs indigenous to Purulia district- Tusu[44] [45][46] . This started in 9 January, 1954 and ended in 8 February of the same year. Tusu songs, widely popular in the district, was among the heavy influences in the 250 folk songs written and composed by Rabndranath Tagore. [47]Tusu songs became a tool of further spreading the movement.[48] New songs were written which became very popular. At that time, people felt very hurt and angry. And this sentiments ran very high. Let me show you an exemplary songwhich became very popular then-“শুন বিহারী ভাই, তোরা রাখতে লারবি ডাং দেখাইতোরা আপন তরে ভেদ বাড়ালি, বাংলা ভাষায় দিলি ছাইভাইকে ভুলে করলি বড় বাংলা-বিহার বুদ্ধিটাইবাঙালী-বিহারী সবই এক ভারতের আপন ভাইবাঙালীকে মারলি তবু বিষ ছড়ালি-হিন্দি চাইবাংলা ভাষার পদবীতে ভাই কোন ভেদের কথা নাইএক ভারতের ভাইয়ে ভাইয়ে মাতৃভাষার রাজ্য চাই।”[49] [50][(rough) translation-Listen Bihari brothers, you won’t be able to keep (Manbhum), see our sticks.You just increased the tensions for no need, threw dirt at Bengali;You forgot who your brothers are, emphasized on the sense of difference between Bengal and Bihar;Bengali and Bihari people are nothing but the brothers of the same (Mother) IndiaYet you hurt us, spread poison- demanded HindiIn (this) Bengali poetry, there is no sense of hostility, friend!We just want provinces among brothers of India which are based on the languages that our mothers speak.](Poet- Bhajahari Mahato)Many such Tusu songs spreaded across whole Manbhum. A collection of such songs were published as a book titles “Tusur Gaan-e Manbhum” (“Manbhum in Tusu Songs”). Thousands of copies of this books were sold within days.Where the Purulia Judges’ Court is situated now, there used to be a big field in front of it. Tusu songs were sung for whole night in the night of Makar Sangkranti every year. That year, on the night of 13 January, 1954[51] , people gathered in large numbers to celebrate the auspicious night, along with Satyagrahis. The people who were involved in peaceful protest, were soon attacked by the State Police and police lathi-charged upon the protesters. People were sent to jail in large numbers. [52][Bhajahari Mahato, freedom fighter, MP and key figure of Manbhum Bengali Language Movement | image source]17 Satyagrahis were charged with Section- 9 Sub-section (5) of Bihar State Public Safety Act. And Section 143 (Illegal gathering), Section 225 (Trying to obstruct the lawful apprehension of persons by force) and Section 186 (obstruction in government business) of Indian Penal Code were slapped on Lok Sebak Sangha leader Atul Chandra Ghosh, Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA-LA) Bhajahari Mahato, a prominent freedom fighter and Member of Parliament (MP-LS), Labanyaprabha Ghosh (wife of Atul Chandra Ghosh), Arun Chandra Ghosh and Ashok Choudhury.[53]73 years old Atul Chandra Ghosh, who was a freedom fighter for Independence of India, who then suffered from low blood pressure and bronchitis were first kept with third class inmates of Purulia jail and then transported in open truck to Hajaribag jail, 154 km away.[image source]Member of Parliament Bhajahari Mahato[54] [55] was brought to court in handcuffs and rope tied around his waist by the police- like a petty criminal. He was sentenced to 11 months in jail.A 15 year old boy named Babulal Mahato who was blind in both eyes from his birth was given 3 months in jail and two hunded rupees in fine.A 9 year old boy named Sudhanya Mahato was sentenced to 9 months in jail and slapped thousand rupees in fine.Samarendra Ojha who was an ex-member of the Congress Provincial Committee, was slapped 1 year in jail and 1000 rupees in fine. [1 INR in 1958 == 74.21 INR today; no data available for 1953][56]Arunchandra Ghosh along with five others received 14 months in jail.Ashok Chowdhury along with two others received 1 year in jail.23 others were sentenced to several periods of jail time in jail.[57]To collect the sums of the fine, the Bihar State Police went to homes of the Satyagrahis in the night of 21 February, 1954. The police tried to croak household items of the Satyagrahis. Bihar State Police raided the houses of the Satyagrahis in Pitidari village in Manbajar P.S. In those houses, it is alleged that, on that night, the police assaulted the women and acted with them in dishonourable manner.[58]At this stage, the tension between two language groups- Bengalis and Biharis of Manbum climbed to the peak. Goons allegedly supported by the Bihar Government used violence as a tool to curb the movement. Many Bengali medium schools and major institutions owned by Bengali business owners were set on fire.[59]Bihar State Government ordered even the Bengali Medium Schools to stop teaching Bengali and emphasized again on using Hindi as the only official language of the state. All the new recruits in the public schools were Hindi-speaking, and no Bengali teachers were allowed to enter the job. All the government employees and officers who were Bengali were transferred out of Manbhum to other districts of Bihar.[60]To discuss the situation a special convention was organized in Patna on 5 July, 1954. Bihar CM Krishna Singh, Revenue Minister Krishnaballabh Sahay, Secretary of Education Badrinath Sharma, Secretary of Information Mahesh Prasad Singh from Bihar and West Bengal CM Bidhan Chandra Roy and Atulya Ghosh, the President of West Bengal Provincial Congress Committee from West Bengal were the involved parties.[61]After the meeting was over, West Bengal CM BC Roy told the press that he was satisfied with the Bihar Government’s initiatives to promote Bengali language, teach Bengali kids in their mother tongue. That the Bihar government was doing all it can to reserve the rights of the Bengali speakers of the state. He said he was also satisfied with the fact the Bihar government wished to enquire into the alleged matter. He said that he did not find any truth in the allegations against the Bihar Government.[62]We, looking back, should not be surprised that Bidhan Chandra Roy behaved in this way. It is assumed that he was pressurized by Congress High-Command of that time. When a prominent figure like Dr. Rajendraprasad, was openly in favour of opposing side, there is not much a state CM belonging to Congress party could do.The West Bengal State Congress played no role in the the inclusion of Manbhum to West Bengal. The leftist parties also played insignNow roles in this movement. It was a non-political movement from its inception to its end.After Indian Independence, there erupted many movements in different parts of India demanding separate provinces for different language groups. Such movements were in full swing in Maharashtra (for a separate Gujarat province) and Madras (for a separate Andhra Pradesh).On 15 December, 1952, a Gandhian Satyagrahi, named Potti Sreeramulu fasted onto death after eating nothing for 58 days. He was fasting for the very popular demand of a separate state for Telugu speakers (Andhra Pradesh).[Potti Sriramalu | image source]In his death, all hell broke loose in Madras, and two days after Sriramalu’s death, PM Nehru announced that there would be a separate Andhra state. After the Andhra state became a reality, all other language groups began demanding separate states with a renewed vigour.[63]Keeping the vastly popular sentiment in mind, and as having new states and state lines was very practical from the perspective of administration, security and economy, Government of India formed a high profile State Reorganization Commission.[The first meeting of the States Reorganisation Commission in New Delhi. From right, K.M. Panikkar, Saiyid Fazl Ali (Chairman) and Hriday Nath Kunzru, taken on 12 February, 1954 | image source]It consisted of Supreme Court Chief Justice Sir Fazal Ali, famed diplomat and historian KM Panikkar and politician Dr. Hriday Nath Kunzru. Ultimately it divided India into 16 states and 3 union territories. In 1956, the new states came into being by law[64] . [math]^{2}[/math]The State Reorganisation Comission visited 104 towns and cities, interviewed more than 9,000 people and received 152,250 written submissions. Among these places, Mambhum was visited by KM Panikkar, the Historian and HN Kunzru on 5 February, 1955[65][66] . The commission submitted its report on 10 October, 1955. [math]^{3}[/math]The Satyagrahis of Manbhum were expecting a positive impact. But they were still not sure given the oddities and vigilant resistance they have faced from the authorities.Suddenly the CMs of Bihar and West Bengal came out with a wild idea, that had no base in popular sentiments whatsoever, among the people of either state- unification of Bihar and West Bengal states and forming a unified state on 23 January, 1956. It would have been called “Purba Pradesh”.[67][68]This angered people of both states. After this, the demand of Manbhum’s accession to Bengal did not remain a local movement any more.Prominent personalities such as Atul Chandra Gupta, Dr. Prafulla Chandra Ghosh (first ever Chief Minister of West Bengal in free India), Bimal Chandra Sinha strongly voiced their dissent. And they demanded Purulia’s accession to West Bengal.[69]The leftist parties protested against this by demonstrations, rallies and within Lok Sabha, Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad. The leftist parties were joined by several organizations- farmers’ organizations, students’ organizations, labourers’ organizations, scientists’ organization, teachers’ organizations, theatre-workers’ organization etc. and was made into a pan-Bengal apolitical movement.[70]An organization named “All Bengal Linguistical State Reorganization Committee” was formed. This organization started marches, rallies, demonstrations and law disobedience movements across all districts of West Bengal.A convention was organized on Senate Hall, Kolkata. Prominent personalities such as Meghnad Saha (world famous astrophycisist, father of Thermal ionization and Saha ionization equation), Jyoti Basu (later Chief Minister of West Bengal), Kazi Abdul Wadud, Hemendra Prasad Ghosh, Gopal Haldar spoke against the union of West Bengal and Bihar states and for accession of Manbhum to West Bengal.[71]A gigantic public meeting was organized in Jamtara village of Manbhum. Reportedly one million people were present there. An agenda of marching towards Kolkata, the state capital was set.[72]On 20 April, 1956, more than 1,500 men and women started a peaceful foot-march to Kolkata from Pakrabirra village of Puncha, Manbhum. This March signNowed Kolkata on 6 May after 16 days of march through Bankura, Beliator, Sonamukhi, Patrasayer, Khandaghosh, Bardhaman (previously Burdwan), Rasulpur, Memari, Pandua, Mogra, Chuchura (previously Chinsurah), Chandannagar (previously Chandernagore), Godalpara, Shrirampur (previously Serampore), Uttarpara and Howrah. There were more than 350 women under the leadership of Basanti Roy.[73] [74][The route taken by the Satyagrahis, shown from Pakhbirra to Pandua | route tracked by Google Maps][The route taken by the Satyagrahis, shown from Pandua to Kolkata | route tracked by Google Maps]The Satyagrahis organized a rally in Maidan under the leadership of Atul Chandra Ghosh on 6 May. Many prominent personalities such as Hemanta Kumar, Jyoti Basu, Mohit Maitra, Sureshchandra Bandyopadhyay along with thousands of commonners rallied in Maidan in support and solidarity with the people of Manbhum.It was a huge success.The next day, on 7 May, the Satyagrahis decided to organize a rally in Dalhousie (now also known as BBD Bag). To make their efforts futile the Congress Government of West Bengal banned any rally there by imposing article 144. But they went on anyway. For breaking the law and not abiding by restrictions imposed by article 144, 956 Satyagrahis were arrested by the State Police and sent to three jails- Presidency Jail, Alipore Central Jail and Alipore Special Jail. They were released after 12 days.[75]3,300 other people were arrested all over West Bengal for the same movement.[76]The State Reorganization Commission advised that 19 police stations of Manbhum district were to be merged to West Bengal and a new district were to be formed named Purulia.But the fate of three Police Stations among these 19 were decided in a closed door meeting between Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata, the Director of Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) and Dr. BC Roy, the CM of West Bengal. Mr. Tata requested CM Roy for the Police Stations of Ichagarh, Chandil and Patamda were to remain in Bihar despite the prescription of the high profile State Reorganisation Commission. Apparently Dr BC Roy agreed to those. The motive on either side remains hazy. For this decision a large chunk of land containing Dalma Forest and Chandil-Gamaria Forest, Dimna Lake and mid portion of Subarnerekha river went to Bihar.[77] [78]Finally “The Bihar-Bengal Border Demarcation Bill” was passed at the Parliament on 17th August 1956 and at Rajya Sabha on 28th August 1956. The bill got the signature of the President of India on 1st September 1956.[79] [80]At last, with 16 Police stations, 5198.1 square kilometer area and a population of 11,69,097 the new district Purulia was acceded to West Bengal on 1st November 1956.[81] [82]9 yeas of continued aggression, torture and resistance from both state and non-state actors came to an end. One fight have been fought before- on 21 February, 1952 in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) in an uprise against Urdu-domination of Pakistani rulers and one remained to be fought- one in Barak Valley, Assam in 1961 where 11 people laid down their lives for their language[83] . Bengali language has fought against the imposing of Hindi in the extreme west of Bengal, in the Barak Valley- extreme east of Bengal[84] and in Bangladesh[85] .OFFLINE SOURCES-p. 178, India After Gandhi by Ramachandra Guha, 10th Anniversary Edition.p. 184–185, India After Gandhi by Ramachandra Guha, 10th Anniversary Edition.p. 186, India After Gandhi by Ramachandra Guha, 10th Anniversary Edition.ALPHA SOURCES (SOURCES USED BY SOURCES MENTIONED IN THIS ANSWER WHICH MIGHT NOT BE MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE FROM PRIMARY SOURCES)-p. 312–313 of Complete Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 89.p. 232–233 of ‘The Unity of India: Collected Writings, 1937–1940 (1941)Report of State Reorganisation Commission, 1955Report of Linguistic Provinces Commission, 1948Circular of District Inspector of Schools, Manbhum, 1948West Bengal District Gazetteers, Purulia 1985Bengal District Gazetteers – Manbhum, H. Coupland, Bengal Secretariate Book Depot, 1911“The Promise of Power: The Origins of Democracy in India and Autocracy in Pakistan” by Maya Tudor, Cambridge University Press, 2013“Rajendra Prasad, First President of India” by Kewalram Lalchand Panjabi, Macmillan, 1960“Role of Women in the Freedom Movement in Bengal, 1919-1947: Midnapore, Bankura, and Purulia District” by Niranjan Ghosh, Tamralipta Prakashani, 1988Local Politics and Indian Nationalism, Purulia, 1921-1947, Jayanta Kumar Dab, Progressive Publishers, 2007“Glimpses of The history of Manbhum” by Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay“Tusur Gaan-e Manbhum” edited by Arun Chandra Ghosh (in Bengali), 1954“Tusu Grantha” by Dr. Shanti Sinha (in Bengali)“Purulia” by Tarundeb Bhattyacharya (in Bengali)“Manbhum Theke Purulia” by Gautam Dey (in Bengali)An essay by Dr. Shanti Sinha in “Ahalyabhumi Purulia”, vol. 2, ed- Debprasad Jana (in Bengali)“Purba Banglar Bhasha Andolan O Tatkalin Rajniti” by Badaruddin Omar (in Bengali)Please know that this answer does not intend to spread any kind of negative sentiment whatsoever against any language group and ethnicity. The answer is solely intended toward remembrance of history. Because forgetting history is sin.Thanks for reading.Footnotes[1] History Of The Freedom Movement In India (1857-1947)[2] Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum) - Wikipedia[3] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[4] The Official Website of Purulia District[5] Purulia district - Wikipedia[6] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[7] Purulia district - Wikipedia[8] Purulia district - Wikipedia[9] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[10] The Official Website of Purulia District[11] Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum) - Wikipedia[12] Partition of Bengal (1905) - Wikipedia[13] Partition of Bengal (1905) - Wikipedia[14] Bihar and Orissa Province - Wikipedia[15] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[16] The Official Website of Purulia District[17] The question of linguistic provinces[18] Memorable sessions of the Congress in the Pre-Independence years – All India Mahila Congress[19] Bihar - Wikipedia[20] Bihar and Orissa Province - Wikipedia[21] Census Reports 1931[22] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[23] Census Table 1931 Related To Area, Houses And Population[24] When Chief Justice of Patna High Court kept Viceroy Lord Hardinge, LG out[25] MR. P.R.DAS,"YES ME LORD TO TEACH YOU LAW ME LORD"[26] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[27] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[28] States Reorganisation Commission - Wikipedia[29] Dhar Commission – Fazl Commission - Mitras IAS[30] Dhar Commision, JVP Committee and Fazl Ali Commission[31] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[32] Dhar Commision, JVP Committee and Fazl Ali Commission[33] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[34] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[35] The Official Website of Purulia District[36] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[37] The Official Website of Purulia District[38] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[39] The Official Website of Purulia District[40] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[41] The Official Website of Purulia District[42] The Official Website of Purulia District[43] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[44] Festival of Tusu: An Introduction[45] Tusu Festival or Tusu Parob at Purulia | Tale of 2 Backpackers[46] TUSU FESTIVAL AT PURULIA[47] লোকসুরের রবীন্দ্রনাথ ও বাউলগান[48] The Official Website of Purulia District[49] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[50] The Official Website of Purulia District[51] Bengali Calendar 1425, Durga Puja 1425, Bengali Panjika 1425, Bengali Calendar 2018, Bengali Calendar Today, Bengali Calendar 1426,  Current Bengali time, Bengali Calendar Converter, bengali calendar download[52] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[53] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[54] http://164.100.60.131/loksabha1/...[55] Purulia (Lok Sabha constituency) - Wikipedia[56] Value of 1958 Indian Rupees today[57] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[58] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[59] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[60] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[61] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[62] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[63] The battle for Andhra[64] States Reorganisation Act, 1956 - Wikipedia[65] The Official Website of Purulia District[66] States Reorganisation Act, 1956 - Wikipedia[67] The Official Website of Purulia District[68] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[69] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[70] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[71] Kazi Abdul Wadud - Wikipedia[72] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[73] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[74] The Official Website of Purulia District[75] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[76] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[77] বাংলার জন্য অন্য এক আন্দোলন[78] The Official Website of Purulia District[79] The Bihar And West Bengal (Transfer Of Territories) Act, 1956[80] The Official Website of Purulia District[81] http://www.srishtisandhan.com/sr...[82] The Official Website of Purulia District[83] Bengali language movement in India - Wikipedia[84] Bengali Language Movement (Barak Valley) - Wikipedia[85] Bengali language movement - Wikipedia

“The only difference between Las Vegas and Washington, D.C. is that at least Vegas has the decency to admit the town is full of hookers and crooks.”― Glenn BeckActually the times when Mr. Beck’s line above was true were long ago. DC is a surprisingly different city. It is great bar and restaurant town. It used to be a little old-fashioned but in the past 10 years has become, younger, uber-hip and a lot more accessible than New York for the same kind of things…. A lot of very cool places. DC is a very important test-market city. Before spending to open a chain of stores/restaurants/theatrical show/new product in NYC or on a national scale, a prototype is often launched there. And along with the National Theatre so often having something interesting going on and The Capital Steps We put the MOCK in Democracy preserving our sanity while staring at the bizarre abyss of National Politics, entertainment is always at hand. And if the atmosphere changes radically with administrations, most visitors won’t notice.But if you have to think about politics while in the District much these days, it is much less painful to make sure you aren’t sober while you do it. Fortunately there’s a whole new area of town full of artisanal distilleries where you can get juiced before starting your visit!Ivy City Distilleries and Brewery Tour – RecapWarning: You probably won’t be able to get to everything on this list in three days. With my customary long-windedness, I have overshared.DC, some places to see, eat, drink and fiddle before the capital is stained orange:Getting around in DC, where the weather usually seems either really hot or wet—or indeed freezing—is always a challenge. The metro goes way out in the burbs and even quite rural areas in Virginia and Maryland. but sometimes the stops are very far apart. And sometimes you feel like you’d rather walk a long way than go ALL the way down into the metro and the ALL the way back up again on the other end.The Metro Is quiet, extensive, safe. And very, very deep as it doubles as a Nuclear Bomb Shelter BehanceGood News. There is another useful option:The DC circulatorWashington D.C. Circulator It has expanded over the years and become more user-friendly. A group of circular-route frequent busses which is one of the best ways to get around DC. All through the tourist districts/governement/downtown without having to stay massed in a milling crowd of befannypacked zombies.DC’s Bike-share Program is pretty good, the bikes better than those in Paris, not as good as some other places, but they are practical, easy to find and spot stations. Fun way to get around though toiling up capital hill from the Mall or out to the zoo and Adams Morgan can be a challenge on the heavy machines. better around downtown, along the river, even out to Arlington.Capital Bikeshare: Metro DC's bikeshare service | Capital BikeshareAnd if the weather is nice both cruises and boat rentals on the Potomac are coolRentals | Kayaks, Canoes, Boats | Boating in DC SUPThe celebrated D.C. weather, be preparedMuseumsFor everywhere you go it is a really good idea to buy your tickets in advance online. Some places you can even reserve specific entry-hours so you don’t waste your time standing on line.Throughout the city you stumble on buildings evoking not just the history of the country but of so many countries and organisations from around the world. Most seem to have an embassy, a lobbying office or national headquarters here. And many of them have a museum, public tour or open house day. Wandering from the circles (usually with interesting monuments in their central areas) that break up the long blocks of the grid of central D.C. From Washington Circle up to Dupont and around to Thomas and Logan unearths a few score of them.My favorite:Society of the CincinnatiLarz Anderson House2118 Massachusetts AvenueSociety of the Cincinnati - WikipediaThomas CircleOverrated places…a lot of the big places are just long lines then nothing. The National Archives are full at all times with tourists waiting in line to see a few historical documents and not much else, and often superficial temporary exhibits, The Folger Shakespeare Library probably only worthwhile to see a play, there’s much better stuff at the Morgan in NYC.Just for the person who asked this question, as a medical professional you might enjoy the National Museum of Health and MedicineNational Museum of Health and Medicine (NMHM)Obviously the Smithsonian museums is always loads of fun and should be one of your primary destinationsSmithsonian Home | Smithsonian Institutionas is the National Librarybut you could easily spend all three days at either.Nearby are: the small US Botanical Garden right under the capital (Chocolate plants!)and also next door to the very neat Museum of the American IndianWelcome to United States Botanic Gardenand The outdoor Sculpture Garden of the Nat Galhttp://www.nga.gov/content/ngawe...There are a lot of other greats which don’t disappoint—the National Gallery itself , which is of course amazing, National Gallery of ArtThe National Zoo out in Rock Creek Park, Arlington can be funand The Nat Geographic museum are some of the tourist destinations that don’t disappoint, they really are always worth the trip. But I haven’t been to either in several years.but some of my favourites, that a lot of people don’t visit:Dumbarton Oaks Harvard’s Mesoamerican and Byzantine collections at a research institution in one of the most beautiful buildings with one of the most exceptional gardens in the world. Very limited hours, so you have to plan.Dumbarton OaksIt may seem a little ways out but really is in the heart of the old communities climbing the hills above Georgetown and is perfectly suited to doing in combination with that august collection of antiquarian Washington residences.The world-class, really amazing Phillips Collection1600 21st St NW(between N Q St & N Hillyer Ct)Washington, DC 20009(202) 387-2151The Phillips CollectionDupont Circle Metro Station (Red)Of the For-Profit newer museums The Spy Museum is really fun and might appeal to a father and daughter team. The gift shop yields fun presents.Buy TicketsThe National Building Museum is also surprisingly diverting401 F St. NW, (202) 272-2448 WEBSITEThe National Building Museum is located at 401 F Street NW, between 4th and 5th Streets, across the street from the Judiciary Square Metro (Red Line). Wheelchair access is available through the G Street entrance.To see what’s new and cool that I may have missed between visits, check out the best of dc awardsBest of D.C. 2017 - Washington City PaperBest neighbourhood to walk around might be the U streetWalk on 14th street out to U.This is the centre of the new hip-cool DC. 10-12-15 years ago, like much of DC this area used to be, hmm, a bit dodgy. Now it is safe full of young people, hip bar, after funky restaurant, squished between Art spaces and galleries. Lots of places to recommend but I’ll let you wander… except maybe: hard to get modern spanish food this good in Spain. But casual and fun.14th Street | Barcelona Wine BarOr the newly revitalized old Capital hill district 8th Street, lots of bakeries and shops in older restored townhouses. The wait on line can be intimidating but one of the hottest places to eat in town is here, Home | Rose's LuxurySee below about the Eastern MarketOne of the many institutions with headquarters in DC from infamous to celebratedAlso the district right around the Foggy Bottom metro station is newly hoppingThere are roof bars all over DC now, but the one that started it all really is POV roof bar/resto of the W right next to the white house has great views of the White and is one of the inn-est if not hippesy places in town.Boutique hotels Washington, D.C. | W Washington D.C.but there is alsoADCatDonovan House1155 14th Street NWWashington, DC 2000518th st lounge with roof terracehttp://www.eighteenthstreetloung...hteenth Street Lounge1212 18th St. NW, Washington, D.C.At Jefferson Pl. and Connecticut Ave,Metro: Dupont Circle (.Nellie’s Station Kitchen and Cocktails DC in Embassy Row hotel roof deck2015 Massachusetts Ave NWWashington, DC 20036Cafe/BookstoreKramerbooks & Afterwords Cafe |right on Dupont Circle Kramer cafe and bookstore the georaphical-intellectual centre of the city. Good books of every sort and nice relaxed place for luncEvehttp://www.restauranteve.com/ind...is one of my favourite places in the world. In Alexandria Old town, which you guys will love. Oodles of charm. The restaurant is in beautifully restored early american townhouse. Incredbly witty, inventive, clever food and drink from an Irish chef who is charm incarnate. Named after his daughter, nearby there’s a casual Irish fish and chip shop he owns named Eamon’s Dublin Chipper after his son.The DC institutionHow can you go to DC without trying a Half-smoke?Ben’s THE DC Half-smoke hotdog houseHome | Ben's Chili BowlFounding Fathers bars and restosAre a chain serving really good, well sourced American foodOur Locations | Founding FarmersFounding Farmers D.C.1924 Pennsylvania Ave. NWWashington, D.C. 200063 blocks west of whitehouse B, L and DAstro chicken and doughnuts were the best doughnuts in DC last I checked1308 G St NWWashington, DC 20005metro centerHill Country BBQSelf Service, kid friendly sometimes live music410 7th St. NW, (202) 556-2050Home - Hill Country Washington D.C.Elephant & CastleFuller’s Beer pub with big outdoor terrace1201 Pennsylvania Ave. NWWashington, DC 20004Pub and Restaurant in Washington D.CIf you are getting tired and are on the Pennsylvania Avenue side of things, a good place to stop for a snack, drink, or bathroom break ;)Cool resto cocktail barRis2275 L St NWWashington, DC 20037b/t N New Hampshire Ave & N 22nd StTransit information Blue Orange Foggy Bottom Metro More infoPhone number (202) 730-2500With so many different nationalise gathered in the capitol there are great places for most kinds of foods…. A few of our favorite suggestions:Centrolina (first rate modern Italian)Mercato e Osteria974 Palmer Alley, Washington, D.C. 20001http://centrolinadc.com/contact/Convivial (modern Franco-American801 O Street, NWWashington, DC 20001http://www.convivialdc.com/contactDel Campo S. American grill by a talented Peruvian chef777 I (EYE) Street NWWashington, DC 20001Phone: 202-289-7377ChinatownVery good Mexican right downtown, is:http://www.oaxacaindc.comhttp://oaxacaindc.com/menu.html2106 18th ST NWWashington, D.C. 20009Stachowski kosher deli 28th and P1425 28th St NWWashington, DC 20007b/t N P St & N O StGeorgetownRASIKA INDIAN one of group of superlative modern Indian places1190 New Hampshire Ave NWWashington, DC 20037b/t N M St & N L St near 22nd and New hampshireWest EndFoggy Bottom MetroPhone number (202) 466-2500http://rasikarestaurant.comThere are Biergardens like the 2000 sq. feet rooftop deckSauf Haus DC1216 18th St NWWashington, DC 20036b/t N Connecticut Ave & N M StDupont CircleRed Farragut North MetroPhone number (202) 466-3355http://saufhausdc.comIf you like cigars, for people watching and meeting very interesting locals, one of the best cigar bars around it is worth the ride out on the metro tohttp://civillounge.com5335 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington DC 20015Friendship HeightsCivil Cigar LoungeOr alternatively enjoy a drink and a snack on the Quill Bar Cigar Terrace of the Jeffersonianhttp://www.jeffersondc.com/dinin...W. Curtis Draper (640 14th Street NW) 4th oldest cigar store in the USThe Observatory at The Graham in Georgetown(cigar friedly)1075 Thomas Jefferson Street NW, Washington, DC 20007202.337.0900Jack Rose Dining SaloonCigar friendly good bar2007 18TH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 | TEL. 202.588.7388 | SUN - THUR. 5PM-2AM | FRI-SAT. 5PM-3AMin Adams MorganLocal 16Categories: Lounges, American (New) [Edit]1602 U St NW(between N 16th St & N New Hampshire Ave)Washington, DC 20009Neighborhood: U Street Corridor(202) 265-2828http://www.localsixteen.comFarm-owner restaurateur serves low-key fresh food, heated smoking terraceJ R CIGAR1730 L St NW, Washington, DC(202) 296-3872 ‎ · http://jrwashingtondc.comSignature Cigars - Pre-Embargo Cuban TOB Cigars1817 M Street NorthwestWashington, DC 20036Ozio DC Bar resto cigar lounge1813 M Street, NWWashington, DC 22036202-822-6000 Ph202-822-0626 FMonday - Thursday 5:00 pm - 2:00 amFriday 5:00 pm - 3:00 amSaturday 6:00 pm - 3:00 amClosed on SundaysNearest Metro StationsFarragut North and Dupont (Red Line)Farragut West (Blue & Orange Lines)Shelly’s Back Room1331 F Street NW(between 13th & 14th Street)Washington, DC 20004Phone (202) 737- 3003 Fax (202) 737- 3706Phone orders for pick up welcome.Hours of Operation:Monday – Thursday 11:30 AM – 2:00 AMFriday 11:30 AM –3:00 AMSaturday 12:00 PM – 3:00 AMSunday 12:00 PM – 1:00 AMPublic Transportation:Metro Center MetroRail Station(Use 13th Street Station Exit)Metrobus Routes: 52, 54Metro Information: http://www.wmata.comMarketsThe DC markets are really worth checking out. Local products, usually entertainment, etc.The best, newly refurbished in the middle of the old wholesale market districthttp://unionmarketdc.com/market/1309 5th Street NEMETRO ACCESSTake the Red Line to the NoMA-Gallaudet U stop. Turn right on Florida Avenue NE. Turn Left on 5th Street NE. The Market will be on your left.Eastern Market225 7th St SEWashington, DC 20003b/t S C St & S North Carolina AveCapitol HillGet DirectionsTransit information Blue Orange Eastern Market Metro and 1 more stationPhone number (202) 698-5253Also the Flea Market and in the center of old capital hillPenn Quarter street market, DC (est. 2003)Thursdays, 3 to 7 pm (Apr. 2 to Dec. 17, 2015)Location: North end of 8th St. NW, between D and E Sts. NW. Click here for map.Nearest Metro: Gallery Place (Red, Yellow or Green lines) or Archives (Yellow or Green line). For more public transportation options, see http://www.wmata.com.by the White House, DC (est. 2009)Thursdays, 11 to 2 pm (April 9 to Nov. 19, 2015)Location: 810 Vermont Ave. NW (between H St. NW and I St. NW). Click here for map.Nearest Metro: McPherson Square (Blue and Orange Lines). MetroBus stops: S2, S4, S9, 42, X2, L2, G8 and 11Y. For more public transportation options, see http://www.wmata.com.Foggy Bottom, DC (est. 2005) Farmer’s marketWednesdays, 3 to 7 pm (Apr. 1 to Nov. 25, 2015)Location: 23rd and I St. NW WalkwayNearest Metro: Foggy Bottom (Blue or Orange Line). For more public transportation options, see http://www.wmata.com.If you've made it this far, to the end of this, Wow. I’m too surprised to actually add in an easter egg. But I’ll give one more picture to rest the eye upon….The DC headquarters of the SPCA…or was it PETA?