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FAQs
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How can email deliverability be improved?
Your email deliverability rates are affected by a few main factors:The origin of the email.Your reputation as a sender.The content of your email.The frequency of your emails.Whether your IP is blacklisted.Your email’s format and content.Your subscribers’ engagement with your emails.Subscriber complaints.However, this is a very simplified version, let’s dive deeper.Build your sender reputationRemember, strong sender reputation takes a long time to build it can also be diminished from one day to the other.Choose the right email service providerChoosing the right email service provider for your business can have a big impact on your business, especially because an improved deliverability rate can mean increased profitability and higher ROI for your campaigns.At Platformly we constantly monitor our sender reputation and ensure that our deliverability rates stay on par or above industry standards.Ensure your email contacts are verifiedEnsuring that all your email contacts are updated and verified results in higher open and click through rates.Setup your sender authentificationEmail authentication is a way for you as a domain owner to ensure your domain meets security standards and protects your subscribers as well as your brand from malicious attacks and impersonation.Comply with local laws and regulationsLaws like CAN-SPAM in the USA, CASL in Canada and the GDPR in the EU regulate how businesses can use email for commercial purposes.Non-compliance not only hurts your deliverability rates but it can also result in hefty fines with your brand’s reputation suffering long term.Ensure you are not blacklistedIf you are experiencing deliverability issues it’s best to check and monitor if your IP is on a blacklist. Blacklists will list your domain or sender IP if you receive a lot of spam complaints. Many ISPs take this into consideration when evaluating your emails.There are many other tips on how to improve your email deliverability, check this ultimate guide to learn more: Email Deliverability: The Complete Guide to Owning the Inbox
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What are the best electronic signature (e-signature) solutions on the market, in your opinion?
[full disclosure: I’m VP Digital Transformation at Solutions Notarius Inc., a company that supplies electronic and digital signature solutions]It completely depends on the requirements. I do not believe there is a uniquely better e-signature solution for all scenarios. For example, if the type of documents to be signed require low to medium reliability only, most modern e-signature platforms could be ok, subject to meeting legal requirements in the applicable jurisdiction, but if the document must meet stringent regulatory and statutory requirements that include high reliability of identity of signers, those platforms do not typically meet that threshold.Ideally, you would analyze, define and obtain agreement as to what constitutes the minimal acceptable legal reliability threshold you are willing to accept - or that readers of that document will accept. Next, define the technology requirements that correspond to that threshold. Finally, research e-signature options that meet these requirements and provide the best combination of price, features, scalability, etc..Finally, it should be noted that higher legal reliability e-signature platforms and solutions can always accommodate lower reliability documents while the converse is not true…
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How did people feel after the fall of Rome?
In a way, it is correct to say that life went on as normal; which is not to say, of course, that there was anything normal about life at all, in those days and years and centuries.The Fall of the Western Roman Empire was a long agony, so we’d be best served by limiting our scope to the two most traumatic events: the sack of Rome by the Arian (non-Catholic Christian) Visigoths in 410 AD (800 exact years after Brennus’ Gauls) and the final collapse of Roman Italy in 476 AD (in Ravenna, capital of the Western Empire, Skirian (?) General Odoacer deposes his titular boss Romulus Augustus and crowns himself King of Italy and vassal of the Eastern Emperor); but first, a premise on the two very different sets of witnesses.The one cultural event monopolizing the debates of the era is the slow victory of Christianity over traditional Roman religion: the Romans of 410 had barely anything but blood in common with Scipio, Caesar or even Trajan. Not even the Latin language itself, as words irredeemably lost their old meaning: fides went from meaning “commitment”, “word of honor” (~besa) to “blind belief”; gratia went from “goodwill”, “friendliness” to “divine intervention”; persona went from “[theater] mask” to “human being” (replacing the usual homo with a very explicit metaphor on the emptiness of Man); damnatio went from “penal punitive measure” to “life failure”; a daemon went from being a “supernatural” force to a “supernaturally evil” one[1]; salus went from “deliverance” to “salvation” and then, in Medieval Romance, to “health”, through a process of normalization of Christian theological vocabulary; etc.[2] The “uneasy coexistence of Science and Faith” is a concept a Pagan Roman would have lacked the very words to formulate.One may of course dismiss this as an overly technical observation, but the fact is, upheavals this thorough are not normal in history: they are artificial, sustained interventions with a purpose, and as such are both cause and consequence of extremely unusual social circumstances — I’ve written about the Nazis’ kindred efforts, but the Soviets and other Communists acted in this direction too (eg. power — vlast’, pushtet, etc. — went on to mean “government”, and was normally used with that meaning by non-activists: putting yourself against “the System” meant putting yourself against Soviet Power, an almost metaphysical-sounding concept), and they were all following the logic expressed with dazzling clarity by George Orwell in a little gem, his scholarly appendix to 1948:“The purpose of Newspeak was not only to provide a medium of expression for the world-view and mental habits proper to the devotees of Ingsoc, but to make all other modes of thought impossible. It was intended that when Newspeak had been adopted once and for all and Oldspeak forgotten, a heretical thought — that is, a thought diverging from the principles of Ingsoc — should be literally unthinkable, at least so far as thought is dependent on words. Its vocabulary was so constructed as to give exact and often very subtle expression to every meaning that a Party member could properly wish to express, while excluding all other meanings and also the possibility of arriving at them by indirect methods. This was done partly by the invention of new words, but chiefly by eliminating undesirable words and by stripping such words as remained of unorthodox meanings, and so far as possible of all secondary meanings whatever. To give a single example. The word free still existed in Newspeak, but it could only be used in such statements as ‘This dog is free from lice’ or ‘This field is free from weeds’. It could not be used in its old sense of ‘politically free’ or ‘intellectually free’ since political and intellectual freedom no longer existed even as concepts, and were therefore of necessity nameless.”— Appendix: The Principles of NewspeakThe Fall of the Western Empire intertwines with such and other (much larger, and longer) processes, of which it ends up constituting but a chapter.We think of the ruins, of course: those are what remains to speak on behalf of it all, the mere shell. But what about the men inhabiting those ruins — what was lost within men, before the walls even started giving in? Look at what is missing in the picture of a modern ruin.Not just language, lifestyle and hopes changed, but the very nature of thought down to what people consider obvious and what they don’t: matters of behavior, of ethics, of one’s knee-jerk ideas of “good” and “evil”; but also the deeper cosmological roots of people’s worldview: does time have a beginning? Is it a line going in one direction, or is it a disorderly succession of progress and regress, with no underlying “goal” or purpose, but with recurring patterns? Are our senses helping us or hindering us in making sense of the world? Do you get to the truth by adding or subtracting? Is knowledge a journey or is it the destination? Is what we live life, or is it a tricky, lying, dangerous prelude to life? The answers to these questions were so blatantly obvious to the man of the street before and after roughly the 3rd to 7th Centuries, but opposite answers to all the above questions would be given in those two eras. What happened during the centuries comprising the Fall of Rome was nothing short of the greatest Cultural Revolution in European history, and the contemporaries’ experience of the traumatizing, extremely unsettling and unpredictable geopolitical upheavals that riddled those years was obviously marked by the still-ongoing debate on the very foundations of life.It is indeed a conflict that has lost its dramatic poignancy to our eyes, and that we’ve grown used to see as a “frozen” horror at the root of the West, a mere footnote, perhaps: but the violence was no less than what tv newscasts from recent years might have shocked us with, and the stakes — much, much higher.One of the cardinal incidents from the time of these culture wars is the debate regarding the Altar to Victoria in the Roman Senate, in 384 AD — four years after the Edict of Thessalonica and twenty-six years before Alaric’s Sack of Rome — which started with Pagan praefectus urbis (“governor” of Rome) Symmachus’ plea with the Emperors Valentinian II (West) and Theodosius I (East) to restore the golden statue, which had presided over all Senate sessions since before the Punic Wars, until removed a few years earlier. In a mix of Roman Nationalism, allegiance to Imperial authority and earnest piety, Symmachus pleads:9. Romam nunc putemus assistere, atque his vobiscum agere sermonibus: “Optimi principes, patres patriae reveremini annos meos, in quos me pius ritus adduxit. Utar cerimoniis avitis; neque enim poenitet. Vivam meo more, quia libera sum. Hic cultus in leges meas orbem redegit: haec sacra Hannibalem a moenibus, a Capitolio Senonas repulerunt. Ad hoc ergo servata sum, ut longaeva reprehendar? Videro quod instituendum putatur; sera tamen et contumeliosa emendatio senectutis.”10. Ergo diis patriis, diis indigetibus pacem rogamus. Aequum est quidquid omnes colunt, unum putari. Eadem spectamus astra, commune coelum est, idem nos mundus involvit. Quid interest qua quisque prudentia verum requirat? Uno itinere non potest perveniri ad tam grande secretum. Sed haec otiosorum disputatio est: nunc preces, non certamina offerimus.——9. Let us now imagine that Rome herself were before you and addressed you in these words: “Excellent princes, fathers of the fatherland, respect my age, which my pious rites allowed me to signNow. Let me follow the ancestral ceremonies, for I do not repent of them. Let me live after my own fashion, for I am free. This worship subdued the world to my laws, these sacred rites kept Hannibal from the walls, and the Senones from the Capitol. Have I been saved to see this, to be reproached in my old age? I shall consider the nature of what is being proposed for adoption; but reproaching the elderly is untimely and arrogant.”10. Thus, we ask for the gods of our fathers and for the gods of the land to be afforded peace. It is fair to consider all that men worship as one same thing: we observe the same stars, one sky is above all of us, the same world involves us: what matters which wisdom we rely on, in our quest for truth? A single path cannot lead to solving such a grandiose mystery. But these are moot disquisitions: we are now offering prayers, not diatribes.[3]Far from being mere syncretism or relativism or oecumenic imperialism or missionaryism or the consequence of a Spermatikos Logos[4] (a concept best synthesized as “whatever they got right is ours, because they managed to catch a glimpse of our truth” — eg. check paragraph 12 here), the bolded sentence above is the expression of the Pagan trust in the evocative power of human research and memory, rather than revelation, which would in itself be shared by all men and thus common to all “natural” religions: I’ve touched upon this fundamental doctrine, known in its practical results as interpretatio, in an older answer of mine comparing the Greek god Ares with Roman Mars:We in the modern world are more used to the Abrahamic understanding of theological knowledge being revealed unto mankind by the deity through men temporarily inspired to repeat God’s very own words into a holy book: this is the principle that makes Abrahamic religions “exclusionary” (a much better label than “monotheistic”, as argued by prof. Jan Assmann [more on him below]); but ancient paganism saw the source of theological knowledge in men particularly sensitive to being possessed by Muses/Camenes/goddesses linked to a general, underlying Memory of the world, who dictated to their countrymen bits of deeper knowledge — and those could easily turn out to coincide with some parts of the neighboring culture’s imperfect knowledge of the foundations of the world (a common occurrence, since there usually were distant but shared Indo-European roots to European foreigners): since cosmology and theology were seen as ever-perfectable fields of inquiry, other cultures’ intuitions were welcome into your own knowledge, if the two were compatible — this is the principle underlying interpretatio.The newly-triumphant cult would have nothing of this, of course; more precisely, the new Abrahamic religion had a very hard time even conceiving of these premises — the gap between the two traditions’ outlook was simply too huge for bridges, and once you joined the new cult, you accepted an exclusive and jealous authority that made you grow very distant from the premise itself of Paganism.As soon as Symmachus’ plea was heard, Archbishop of Milan (and later Saint as well as modern Patron Saint of that city) Ambrose, who had great influence on the young Western Emperor, wrote him two letters as counterargument (epistulae 17, 18 — here in English), and his position eventually won.The first letter was written by an alarmed Ambrose before having a chance to read Symmachus’ plea:1. Cum omnes homines, qui sub dicione Romana sunt, vobis militent, imperatoribus terrarum atque principibus, tum ipsi vos omnipotenti deo et sacrae fidei militatis. Aliter enim salus tuta esse non poterit, nisi unusquisque deum verum, hoc est, deum Christianorum, a quo cuncta reguntur, veraciter colat; ipse enim solus verus est deus, qui intima mente veneretur: “Dii enim gentium daemonia”, sicut scriptura dicit.2. Huic igitur vero deo quisque militat et, qui intimo colendum recipit affectu, non dissimulationem, non conniventiam, sed fidei studium et devotionis inpendit. Postremo si non ista, consensum saltem aliquem non debet colendis idolis et profanis caerimoniarum cultibus exhibere. Nemo enim deum fallit, cui omnia etiam cordis occulta manifesta sunt.[…]6. Nullus obrepat iuniori aetati tuae! Sive ille gentilis est, qui ista deposcit, non debet mentem tuam vinculis suae superstitionis innectere, sed proprio studio docere et admonere te debet, quemadmodum verae fidei studere debeas, quando ille tanto motu veri vana defendit. Deferendum meritis clarorum virorum et ego suadeo, sed deum certum est omnibus praeferendum.7. Si de re militari est consulendum, debet exercitati in proeliis viri exspectari sententia, consilium conprobari, quando de religione tractatus est, deum cogita! Nullius iniuria est, cui deus omnipotens antefertur. Habet ille sententiam suam.[…]14. Quid respondebis sacerdoti dicenti tibi: Munera tua non quaerit ecclesia, quia templa gentilium muneribus adornasti? Ara Christi dona tua respuit, quoniam aram simulacris fecisti; vox enim tua, manus tua et subscriptio tua, opus est tuum. Obsequium tuum dominus Iesus recusat et respuit, quoniam idolis obsecutus es; dixit enim tibi: «Non potestis duobus dominis servire» (Matth. 6,24). Privilegia tua sacratae deo virgines non habent et vindicant virgines Vestae? Cur sacerdotes dei requiris, quibus petitiones profanas gentilium praetulisti? Alieni erroris societatem suscipere non possumus.——1. Even as all men that live under Roman domination fight for you, Emperors of the Earth and sovereigns, you in turn fight for almighty God and for the Holy Faith. Salvation could otherwise not be assured, if everyone did not earnestly worship the true God, that is, the God of the Christians, by Whom all things are ruled; He is indeed the one true God, who is worshipped within the deepest of one’s soul: “For the gods of the Gentiles are daemonic things [“daemonia” in the Latin]”, as the Scripture says [Ps. xcv. 5].2. It is for this reason that whoever fights for this true God and accepts the principle that He is to be worshipped with intimate participation, devotes himself not to dissimulation, not to connivance, but to the practice of faith and adoration. At the very least, if he doesn’t engage in this, he shall not give his consent to the worship of idols nor to the celebration of profane cults. For nobody escapes God, to Whom even the deepest of all hearts appears clearly.[…]6. Let nobody take advantage of your young age! If he is a Gentile who asks such things of you, he must not clutch your mind with the fetters of his own superstition, but he must rather teach you and exhort you by [the example of] his own dedication how strongly you should dedicate yourself to the practice of the True Faith, whenever he puts so much true effort into defending empty things. I too suggest you respect the achievements of great men, but God obviously must come before everyone else.7. If a matter of warfare were at hand, you would seek the advice of a man who has become expert by going through many battles, and then follow his suggestions; when it is a matter of religion, think of God! Nobody shall be offended if almighty God is put before him. Let the other man have his own mind on this.[…]14. What will you answer to the priest who tells you: “The Church doesn’t want your gifts, for you have adorned the Gentiles’ temples with your gifts. The Altar of Christ spits away your endowment, for you have built an altar to an image; for yours is the voice, yours is the hand and yours is the signature — yours is then the work. Lord Jesus rejects your respects and spits them back to you, for you have respected the idols; he did tell you: «You cannot serve two masters» [Matth. vi, 24]. The virgins consecrated to God won’t accept your sponsorship, while the virgins of Vesta expect it? Why do you seek the ministers of God for those requests you preferred to first hear from the profane Nations? We cannot burden ourselves with another’s errors.”Letter 18, on the other hand, is a more technical counterargument to Symmachus’ many specific points. Here are some ideological highlights:1. Cum vir clarissimus praefectus urbis Symmachus ad clementiam tuam retulisset, ut ara, quae de urbis Romae curia sublata fuerat, redderetur loco et tu, imperator, licet adhuc in minoris aevi tirocinio florentibus novus annis, fidei tamen virtute veteranus obsecrata gentilium non probares, eodem quo conperi puncto libellum obtuli. Quo licet conprehenderim, quae suggestioni necessaria viderentur, poposci tamen exemplum mihi relationis dari.2. Itaque non fidei tuae ambiguus, sed providus cautionis, et pii certus examinis, hoc sermone relationis adsertioni respondeo hoc unum petens, ut non verborum elegantiam, sed vim rerum exspectandam putes. […] Volve, quaeso, atque excute sectam gentilium! Pretiosa et grandia sonant, veri effeta defendunt. Deum loquuntur, simulacrum adorant.[…]4. In prima propositione, flebili Roma questu sermonis inlacrimat veteres, ut ait, cultus caerimoniarum requirens. Haec sacra, inquit, Hannibalem a moenibus, a Capitolio Senonas repulerunt. Itaque dum sacrorum potentia praedicatur, infirmitas proditur. Ergo Hannibal diu sacris insultavit Romanis et diis contra se dimicantibus usque ad muros urbis vincendo pervenit. Cur se obsideri passi sunt, pro quibus deorum suorum arma pugnabant?5. Nam de Senonibus quid loquar, quos Capitolii secreta penetrantes Romanae reliquiae non tulissent, nisi eos pavido anser strepitu prodidisset? En quales templa Romana praesules habent! Ubi tunc erat Iuppiter? An in ansere loquebatur?6. Verum quid negem sacrorum ritus militasse Romanis? Sed etiam Hannibal eosdem deos colebat. Utrum volunt igitur? Eligant. Si in Romanis vicerunt sacra, in Carthaginiensibus ergo superata sunt; si in Carthaginiensibus triumphata, nec Romanis utique profuerunt.7. […] Venite et discite in terris caelestem militiam. Hic vivimus et illic militamus. Caeli mysterium doceat me deus ipse, qui condidit, non homo, qui se ipsum ignoravit. Cui magis de deo quam deo credam? Quomodo possum vobis credere, qui fatemini vos ignorare quod colitis?8. Uno, inquit, itinere non potest perveniri ad tam grande secretum. Quod vos ignoratis, id nos dei voce cognovimus. Et quod vos suspicionibus quaeritis, nos ex ipsa sapientia dei et veritate conpertum habemus. Non congruunt igitur vestra nobiscum. Vos pacem diis vestris ab imperatoribus obsecratis, nos ipsis imperatoribus a Christo pacem rogamus. Vos manuum vestrarum adoratis opera, nos iniuriam ducimus omne, quod fieri potest, deum putari. Non vult se deus in lapidibus coli. Denique etiam ipsi philosophi vestri ista riserunt.9. Quodsi vos ideo Christum deum negatis, quia illum mortuum esse non creditis - nescitis enim, quod mors illa carnis fuerit, non divinitatis, quae fecit, ut credentium iam nemo moriatur - quid vobis inprudentius, qui contumeliose colitis et honorifice derogatis; vestrum enim deum lignum putatis. O contumeliosa reverentia! Christum mori potuisse non creditis. O honorifica pervicacia!—1. Since the esteemed Praefect of the City Symmachus has entrusted your clemency with a plea to restore the altar, which had once been removed from the roman Curia; and since you, Emperor, despite being in your young age and thus like a fresh soldier, are in fact like a veteran in your faith, you haven’t granted the Gentiles’ pleas. When I came to know of this, I sent you a document through which, in order to understand what suggestion you may need, I asked for a copy of the original request.2. Thus, not out of doubt in your faith, but with an eye to caution, and secure in your pious wisdom, I answer with these words what was asserted in the original request, with but one demand — that you look not at the elegance of my words, but rather at the strenght of my arguments. Look, I beg you, and observe with great care the Gentiles’ sect! They speak of precious and lofty things, but they defend nothingness. They speak of God, but they worship objects.[…]4. In the first argument, Rome makes a tearful speech, lamenting and requesting, as she says, the old cults’ ceremonies back. These rites, she says, have once warded off Hannibal from the walls, and the Senones from the Capitol. Yet, even as the might of these rites is extolled, their weakness appears. Because Hannibal long insulted the Roman rites and gods that were fighting against him, so long as he signNowed the walls, one victory after the other. Why did they suffer being besieged, if their gods were fighting for their side?5. Or should I speak of the Senones, who, having penetrated the holy Capitol, wouldn’t have been repulsed, hadn’t a fearful goose betrayed them with its cackling? Here, what guardians do Roman temples have! And where was Jupiter then? Or was he speaking through that goose?6. Indeed, why should I deny that those holy rites were aiding the Romans? But Hannibal too was worshipping the same gods! Which is it, then? Let them pick one. If those rites won the day for the Romans, then the Carthaginian ones have been useless; if they led to the Carthaginians’ triumphs, then they hadn’t been of much use to the Romans.7. […] Come and discover that, here on Earth, there is a divine army. Here we live and here we fight. Let the Heavens’ secrets be taught to me by God Himslef, who created them, not by man, who doesn’t even know himself. Who is more authoritative about God that God? How can I believe you, who admit to ignoring what you worship?8. “One path alone”, he says, “cannot lead to the bottom of such a great mystery.” What you ignore, we have learnt from God’s own voice. And what you seek through hypotheses, we know that in detail through God’s own wisdom and through Truth. Your views, then, do not align with ours. You beg from the Emperor peace for your gods, ourselves we beg from Christ peace for our Emperors. You worship the fruit of your hands, we consider it offensive to deem a god whatever can be made into one. God doesn’t want to be worshipped in stones. After all, your own philosophers have laughed at such things.9. If you can similarly bring yourselves to deny that Christ is God, since you cannot believe that he may have died — for you ignore that that was the death of the flesh, not the Godliness’, undergone so that no believer may ever die again — what is less wise than yourselves, who worship him offensively, and insult Him by your adoration? You believe your god to be a piece of wood! What offensive worship! You cannot believe that Christ may have died. What an elegant wickedness!I’m keeping from quoting more for the sake of readability, but the three documents and the two sides’ arguments are fascinating to say the least. As a last curiosity, elsewhere (ep. 18:10) Ambrose asks polemically: “But, he says, the old altars must be given back to the idols, and the ornaments to the temples. Let them ask this of someone their fellow in superstition: the Christian Emperor has learnt to honor the Christ’s altar only. Why do they try to have pious hands and faithful eyes lend themselves to their sacrilege? Let our Emperor’s voice sing the praises of the Christ and speak of Him only, for he feels His truth, «as the heart of the King is held in God’s hand» [Prov. xxi, 1]. What Gentile Emperor ever raised an Altar to the Christ anyway?”Severus Alexander (r. 222–235), cousin and successor of the infamous Elagabalus, seems to have counted, among his guardian Lares, not just his imperial predecessors and his ancestors, but also “enlightened souls” such as Apollonius of Tyana, Orpheus, Abraham and Jesus Christ.But that had been the case in times long gone and never to return.Statues were at the center of many acts of violence throughout the Empire, as were in Germanic lands the irminsûl (pillars), sacred trees and groves (true to Exodus 34:13: “But ye shall destroy their altars, break their images, and cut down their groves”) and their Pagan worshippers were taunted as if they believed the object itself to house the deity — which thus became worth deriding as mere, dumb “pieces of wood” (you can see one such scene from the film Agora (2009), among other artistic depictions) — whereas they were in fact seen as tangible aid to memory, which was the one and only source of “religious authority” throughout all Indo-European Paganism: whether in the shape of the oldest Pagan cults — the ancestors’ tracks, faces, gestures and belongings — or in the shape of Muses (Mousa < *montja: “she who remembers [smth. to s.o.]” < PIE *men: “thought”; they were also known to be the daughters of Mnemosyne, “memory”) inspiring the Poets who would then teach religion to other men, poets such as Hesiod, Orpheus and many others. At one point, when the poets’ task was taken up by philosophy — as Nietzsche cannily noticed — the latter weakened this worldview by abstracting and rationalizing it beyond the interpretive means and knowledge of the day.“Even outside of the parameters of our current sensitivities, it is indisputable that triumphant Christianity displayed an extreme intolerance towards traditional cults […]. Faced with a doctrine manifesting itself under a totalitarian shape, then, the Pagans had no easy task on their hands, but we must on the other hand acknowledge that they resorted to arguments that, to a Christian audience, would have sounded highly unconvincing. […] They were themselves as rigid in their positions as their adversaries were. The debate between Christians and Pagans witnessed the confrontation between two statements that were by their own nature absolute.”— F. Paschoud, Christian intolerance as seen and judged by Pagans[5]I would counter the bolded part of this excerpt by a scholar our contemporary by reminding the patient reader of the Appendix on Newspeak I quoted above: rather than being rigid or even outspoken (as only a handful of authors seem to have been — Celsus, Julian, Zosimus — and certainly nowhere near the intensity normal among their Abrahamic opponents), the Pagans lacked the very ideological infrastructure to even conceive the mental framework their opponents wandered through with “exact and often very subtle” scrupulousness, and if they may seem insightful to us, modern readers, it is only insofar they supply ideas very difficult for ourselves to produce: in this case, the Christian “Newspeak” limited the outsiders’ capacity to understand orthodoxy even more than it did the insiders’ ability to speak heresy, and the historical impact Abrahamism would have on culture was too huge to be foreseeable to either side — we too have slowly started picturing it around the Enlightenment, after all. Moreover, Paganism certainly was “absolute” — a religion that isn’t would be a strange sight — but not at all militantly absolute, nor in any way an oecumenical (“for the whole inhabited world”), catholic (“towards the whole [world]”), orthodox (“right opinion”) tradition: traditional Paganism left alone those who wanted no part of it, and I agree with Jan Assman’s relabeling the old terms “Monotheistic” and “Polytheistic” as “Exclusionary” and “Inclusionary” forms of religiosity.Saint George topples the Pagan idols; Dečani, 14th Century. Images of these frescoes come from here: a (by no means complete) list of Christian Saints who destroyed religious imagesLeft, a Christian Saint destroying a Pagan statue; Right, in an ironic turn of events that came about half a millennium after the scope of this answer, the Christian Iconoclasts took to destroying Christian religious images: depicted in the (possibly clandestine, at the time it was produced) Chludov Psalter, chief Iconoclast John the Grammarian’s face happens to have rubbed out. This is how the Iconoclasts’ churches ended up looking, in 9th Century Costantinople.[6] By then, Charlemagne had also sanguinarily managed to evangelize modern Germany, mostly through mass decapitations.[7][8]The political attempt at defending traditional religion in the Empire ended with the sudden death of traditionalistic Emperor Julian (the so-called “Apostate”, r. 361–363 AD) and the highly emblematic Battle of the Frigidus in 394 AD, which got the aptly-named Pagan usurper Eugenius off the scene; but the Lupercalia were celebrated in Central Italy until as late as the 5th Century, when Pope Gelasius I finally abolished them and possibly had them replaced with the celebration of the Purification of the Virgin Mary; and it is well known that the very slow penetration of Christianity into the countryside (“pagan”, after all, means “village-dweller”, as the Germanic “heathen” means “heath-dweller”) was had at the cost of a thorough syncretism with some elements of the local traditional cults.Meanwhile, on the military/administrative side, the Aurelian Walls were built in 271–275 AD, as Rome had vastly outgrown the existing Servian Walls (built six centuries before) many centuries before anybody even thought of building the newer ones — that Aurelian did so upon putting an end to half a century of anarchy hints to just how precarious the very heart of Empire had come to be perceived as. Rome ceased to be the Capital ten years later, Christianity would be depenalized another thirty years later, and finally made the sole religion another half century later, in 380 AD.Around the time these new walls were built, Rome was already down to 350 000 inhabitants from the estimated 1 or 2 mln (top estimate 3.5 mln)[9]that used to call her home; Alexandria had 216 000; six coastal cities were between 90 and 50 thousand inhabitants, the rest were all below 40 000. Rome herself would end up with a few thousand inhabitants by the end of the 5th Century.The Visigothic Sack of Rome — 410 AD: Christian reactions.Having laid the backdrop clear in its complexity, let’s get down to military/political upheavals and their written record, and let’s start with those contemporary writers that were, to all intents and purposes, the Culture of the day: the Christians.Jerome (347-420), a devout Christian, Father of the Church, quite open to dialogue but struggling with his identity (he famously dreamt of a voice accusing him: “You’re no Christian, you are a Ciceronean!”[10]) as well as a patron of sorts to translators, given his extensive, high-quality theorical and practical work on the only translation of the Bible the Latin West would use for a full millennium, was following a trend quite popular in his day and living as a hermit in Palestine when news of the 410 AD sack of Rome — no longer the capital since 286 — signNowed him. Alaric’s siege had started already in 408 AD, and in 409 Jerome had written to a widow by the name of Ageruchia:123.16–17 [16.] Verum quid ago? Fracta navi de mercibus disputo. Qui tenebat, de medio fit, et non intelligimus Antichristum appropinquare, quem Dominus Jesus Christus interficiet spiritu oris sui. “Vae praegnantibus, et nutrientibus in illa die”; quorum utrumque de fructibus nuptiarum est. Praesentium miseriarum pauca percurram. Quod rari hucusque residemus, non nostri meriti, sed Domini misericordiae est. Innumerabiles et ferocissimae nationes universas Gallias occuparunt. Quidquid inter Alpes et Pyrenaeum est, quod Oceano et Rheno includitur, Quadus, Wandalus, Sarmata, Halani, Gipedes, Heruli, Saxones, Burgundiones, Alemani, et, o lugenda respublica! hostes Pannonii vastarunt. “Etenim Assur venit cum illis”. Moguntiacum, nobilis quondam civitas, capta atque subversa est, et in Ecclesia multa hominum millia trucidata. Vangiones longa obsidione deleti. Remorum urbs praepotens, Ambiani, Attrebatae, extremique hominum Morini, Tornacus, Nemetae, Argentoratus, translatae in Germaniam. Aquitaniae, Novemque populorum, Lugdunensis, et Narbonensis provinciae, praeter paucas urbes populata sunt cuncta. Quas et ipsas foris gladius, intus vastat fames. Non possum absque lacrymis Tolosae facere mentionem, quae ut hucusque non rueret, sancti Episcopi Exuperii merita praestiterunt. Ipsae Hispaniae jam jamque periturae, quotidie contremiscunt, recordantes irruptionis Cimbricae, et quidquid alii semel passi sunt, illae semper timore patiuntur.17. Caetera taceo, ne videar de Dei desperare clementia. Olim a mari Pontico usque ad Alpes Julias, non erant nostra, quae nostra sunt. Et per annos triginta fracto Danubii limite, in mediis Romani imperii regionibus pugnabatur. Aruerunt vetustate lacrymae. Praeter paucos senes, omnes in captivitate et obsidione generati, non desiderabant, quam non noverant libertatem. Quis hoc credet? quae digno sermone historiae comprehendent? Romam in gremio suo, non pro gloria, sed pro salute pugnare? imo ne pugnare quidem, sed auro et cuncta supellectile vitam redimere? Quod non vitio Principum, qui vel religiosissimi sunt, sed scelere semibarbari accidit proditoris, qui nostris contra nos opibus armavit inimicos.[…]Hannibal, de Hispaniae finibus orta tempestas, cum vastasset Italiam, vidit urbem, nec ausus est obsidere. Pyrrhum tanta tenuit Romani nominis reverentia, ut deletis omnibus, e propinquo recederet loco: nec audebat victor aspicere, quam regum didicerat civitatem. […] et utriusque provinciae populi Romani vectigales sunt. Nunc ut omnia prospero fine eveniant, praeter nostra quae amisimus, non habemus quod victis hostibus auferamus. Potentiam Romanae urbis, ardens Poeta describens, ait: “Quid satis est, si Roma parum est?”Quod nos alio mutemus elogio: “Quid salvum est, si Roma perit?”“Non mihi si linguae centum sint, oraque centum,Ferrea vox, omnes captorum dicere poenas,Omnia caesorum percurrere nomina possim.”—*—
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What are common programming errors or "gotchas" in C++?
Plain Arrays are just as dangerous in C++ as they are in C. you can overshoot them, or give a bad index parameter and the whole thing goes off the rails.Pointers in C++ are the same pointers as in C, with all the things you need to do to make them safer to use, plus they can point to classes.Type restrictions are stricter in C++ than in C, so porting a C code base to C++ is mostly trivial unless some loose typing is involved, then you will have to be more explicit with the types.Arrays declared in C++ have their declared size as part of their type (stricter typing).int a[10] ; // type int[10] , not int*Structs are first class objects in C++ just like classes but with all public members.Struct declarations automatically generate the Big 5 default functions:Constructor,Copy constructor,Assignment constructor,Move constructor,Destructor.Function overloading is based on parameters being unique. C++ ‘mangles’ the function names internally to be unique based on return type and parameter type.Declaring an object causes its allocation and then runs its constructor. The object is fully ready once its construction is complete. If the object has members, they are constructed as well with sane default values.An object’s default initialization values for members of classes and structs:integer types set to zero;floating point types set to 0e0pointer members are not set. They must be explicitly initialized. Ifthe member will not be assigned at construction, you can specify aninitial value of nullptr in the definition or a constructor initialization list.Arrays are allocated but the values are not set if the array contents are not initialized by default. An array of class objects will have its contents initialized, but an array of ints or floats or pointers will not.reference members must be bound to initialized objects in the definition or the constructor.C has malloc() and free() — C++ has those too, but generally uses new and delete.new creates and initializes objects, leaving then in a ready to use state. If the object has initialization beyond that it is performed, then a pointer is returned.If any members of the object need initialization they are performed as well.In other words the full constructor code is performed when invoked with new.The object is created on the heap memory, and persists until deleted or the program ends.delete does a complete destruction of an object, and all its members, calling any destructors its members may have.Copying an object instance allocates a new instance and makes a binary copy of its contents. This is a shallow copy, though. If the object contains pointers or references to other objects as members, the pointers and references are copied, not what they point to. You have to write code to do the copying in that case.STL containers such as std::array, std::vector, std::string, etc, have code to automatically copy their entire contents, but custom classes need it to be written out.An initializer list is efficient in C++. If the class or struct is “trivially constructed”, that is all members are ready after calling the class constructor, then an initializer list can be used to automatically construct an instance with the members of the list. No extra copying needs to be done; the compiler will optimize the instantiation most of the time.std:string s[4] = { "one", "two", "three", "four"}; /* four std::strings are created with the contents of each char array. s is created and the addresses of each std::string instance are placed in the array. When x goes out of scope, the destructors of each element are called. */ struct K { int x[4]; int total; }; K k = { {1,2,3,4}, 10 }; // const double pi(3.1415926); // optimized by compiler double twopi = 2.0 * pi; // not optimized const double tau = pi + pi; // optimized // compiler is smart with this new syntax int a[] = { 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, -1, -2, 0,-3 }; int x = 0; for(auto i : a) { std::cout << i << "\t" x = x + i; } std::cout << "\n" << x << "\n"; 4 5 6 7 8 9 -1 -2 0 -3 34 for( long x : { 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} ) { std::cout << x << ",\t"; if (x%5 ==0) std::cout << "\n"; } 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A C++ reference (&) is not a pointer. You have to declare a reference type with an initialization to a valid object. Copying a reference does not copy the object, but adds another reference to the object. You do not need to use pointer syntax with references; it is more like an alias than a pointer. References cannot be reassigned to any other object. When a reference goes out of scope, it unbinds from the object, but the object will still be around, bound to its declared label, until that goes out of scope, then the object destructs.Object obj; // declaration Object& objref = obj; // or references o // a becomes a reference to the input reference. void print( Object& a) { a.print(); } // both calls work // print(obj); // a is ref to obj print(objref); // a is copy of objref Object b(obj); // copy constructor Object c = obj; // copy assignment Object& d = objref; // copy reference, // objref and d refer to same object Object e(objref) // copy constructor // objref dereferenced automatically auto f = obj; // copy obj auto & g = obj; // reference obj auto h = objref; // copy obj auto & j = objref; // copy reference This makes references safer than pointers, yet you still get the pass by ref advantage, without the pointer hassle and syntax. Also you are guaranteed thatyou will not get a NULL pointer by accident passed in.C++ prefers nullptr over NULL, because NULL is a constant integer (0) so can be misused or ambiguous if functions are overloaded to accept integer parameters.nullptr cannot be converted to an integer, so always will refer to a “pointer to nothing” as intended. Any type of pointer can be assigned nullptr.The C++ template system is amazing, but it has to be able to create an actual legal C++ function or class with actual types and variables to compile. A template is not generic, it synthesizes a specific function with all the template parameters filled-out and then compiles that, from the template recipe and the parameters passed in at compile-time. It cannot ‘figure out’ at run time if the parameters are correct; it will probably catch any ambiguities though. Templates are confusing for beginners because they can not see the actual code produced by them, but eventually they get the idea that the template code is not what is being run, the actual code created by the template is run.#include
template T add(T a, T b) { return a + b; } void f() { int i = add(5, 6); std::string x("kitty"), y("doggy"); std::string c = add(x, y); } generates:template int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; } // std::basic_string is what std::string really is template > std::basic_string add(std::basic_string a, std::basic_string b) { return a + b; } template T add(T a, T b) { return a + b; } ; void f() { int i = add(5, 6); std::string x("kitty"), y("doggy"); std::string c = add(x, y); } -
What are the most used spam words for classifieds or advertisements in India?
In India, Advertising is most popular to signNow peoples and promote your business, but there are several words which are considered as Spam by the auto bots. Here is the list of spam words which i recommend you to not use it in E-mail marketing or any kind of marketing or advertising medium.Note:- I will also upload Image at last so that you can save it in your mobile and view the list without searching on Quora again.List:- 4UClaims you are a winnerFor instant accessAccept credit cardsClaims you registered with Some Kind of PartnerFor just $ (some amt)Act now! Don’t hesitate!Click belowFree accessAdditional incomeClick here linkFree cell phoneAddresses on CDClick to removeFree consultationAll naturalClick to remove mailtoFree DVDAmazingCompare ratesFree grant moneyApply OnlineCompete for your businessFree hostingAs seen onConfidentially on all ordersFree installationAuto email removalCongratulationsFree investmentAvoid bankruptcyConsolidate debt and creditFree leadsBe amazedCopy accuratelyFree membershipBe your own bossCopy DVDsFree moneyBeing a memberCredit bureausFree offerBig bucksCredit card offersFree previewBill 1618Cures baldnessFree priority mailBilling addressDear emailFree quoteBillion dollarsDear friendFree sampleBrand new pagerDear somebodyFree trialBulk emailDifferent reply toFree websiteBuy directDig up dirt on friendsFull refundBuying judgmentsDirect emailGet It NowCable converterDirect marketingGet paidCall freeDiscusses search engine listingsGet started nowCall nowDo it todayGift certificateCalling creditorsDon’t deleteGreat offerCan’t live withoutDrastically reducedGuaranteeCancel at any timeEarn per weekHave you been turned down?Cannot be combined with any other offerEasy termsHidden assetsCash bonusEliminate bad creditHome employmentCashcashcashEmail harvestHuman growth hormoneCasinoEmail marketingIf only it were that easyCell phone cancer scamExpect to earnIn accordance with lawsCents on the dollarFantastic dealIncrease salesCheck or money orderFast Viagra deliveryIncrease trafficClaims not to be selling anythingFinancial freedomInsuranceClaims to be in accordance with some spam lawFind out anythingInvestment decisionClaims to be legalFor freeIt's effectiveJoin millions of AmericansNo questions askedReverses agingLaser printerNo sellingRisk freeLimited time onlyNo strings attachedRound the worldLong distance phone offerNot intendedS 1618Lose weight spamOff shoreSafeguard noticeLower interest ratesOffer expiresSatisfaction guaranteedLower monthly paymentOffers couponSave $Lowest priceOffers extra cashSave big moneyLuxury carOffers free (often stolen) passwordsSave up toMail in order formOnce in lifetimeScore with babesMarketing solutionsOne hundred percent freeSection 301Mass emailOne hundred percent guaranteedSee for yourselfMeet singlesOne time mailingSent in complianceMember stuffOnline biz opportunitySerious cashMessage contains disclaimerOnline pharmacySerious onlyMLMOnly $Shopping spreeMoney backOpportunitySign up free todayMoney makingOpt inSocial security numberMonth trial offerOrder nowSpecial promotionMore Internet trafficOrder statusStainless steelMortgage ratesOrders shipped by priority mailStock alertMulti level marketingOutstanding valuesStock disclaimer statementName brandPennies a dayStock pickNew customers onlyPeople just leave money laying aroundStop snoringNew domain extensionsPlease readStrong buyNigerianPotential earningsStuff on saleNo age restrictionsPrint form signatureSubject to creditNo catchPrint out and faxSupplies are limitedNo claim formsProduced and sent outTake action nowNo costProfitsTalks about hidden chargesNo credit checkPromise you …!Talks about prizesNo disappointmentPure profitTells you it’s an adNo experienceReal thingTerms and conditionsNo feesRefinance homeThe best ratesNo gimmickRemoval instructionsThe following formNo inventoryRemove in quotesThey keep your money — no refund!No investmentRemove subjectThey’re just giving it awayNo medical examsRemoves wrinklesThis isn’t junkNo middlemanReply remove subjectThis isn’t spamNo obligationRequires initial investmentUniversity diplomasNo purchase necessaryReserves the rightUnlimitedUnsecured credit/debtWe honor allWill not believe your eyesUrgentWeekend getawayWinnerUS dollarsWhat are you waiting for?WinningVacation offersWhile supplies lastWork at homeViagra and other drugsWhile you sleepYou have been selectedWants credit cardWho really wins?Your incomeWe hate spamWhy pay more?Image:-Thank you, if possible, Please visit my website:- www.statusfactory.in
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How is the ICSE essay checked?
1.Teachers try to find out the key points in the essay and accordingly marks are allotted.2.Write the essay on the subject matter which the question is asking for instead of deviating from it.3. Do not repeat the same sentences again and again because it may create a wrong impression on the person who is checking your paper.4. Write quotation and highlight them.5. Provide examples if required.6. Teachers look for content and valid point suiting the essay so write the essay accordingly instead of writing 6-7 pages.7. Make less grammatical errors.8. First sketch the point of the essay and then prepare the essay.9. Do not try to copy essay from essay books.10. Write essay which is simple and understandable.11.Make your essay distinct from other candidates.12. Relate it with the current scenario, if required.13. Try to keep yourself aware of current affairs as it can majorly help you in english language exam.14. Practice essay from last ten years it will help you a lot and who knows you may get similar essay to write.15. Read good book of various genre this will help you in increasing your knowledge on various topics and in turn write a good essay for example: biography of some good personality.16. Give mock test which are conducted and get it checked through experts who have vast experience of teaching as they are well aware of marking scheme.17. Practice all type of essay covered in the syllabus so it will help you in the better selection of essay to be attempted.18. You can also prepare your own essay question seeing the current affairs and write on it and get it checked by teachers.19. Revise your essay once you complete your language paper.Suggestions are always welcomed so some more valuable points can be added.Study smart.Good luck.
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How do I register a trademark in India?
In India, you can trademark any of the following or even a combination of these things:Letter, Number, Word, Phrase, Logo, Graphic, Smell, Sound Mark or a Combination of ColorsSo, what is the procedure of registering a trademark?Step 1: Search for a “crazy-enough” brand nameYou get the point, don’t you? Come up with a whacky and quirky brand name, because all the generic ones are any which way taken. Before zeroing in on one name, you might want to do a quick search to make sure that no one else is already using the name. And your best bet would be to use invented or coined words, in a combination with generic words.Step 2: Making the trademark applicationNow that your name is finalized upon, fill in the trademark application i.e. Form- T.M. , the application costs INR 3500 and is a one time fee.Along with the application, you will need to submit a couple of supporting documents:1. A Business registration concern: Depending on what type of a registered business you have, say sole proprietorship, etc. you will need to submit an identity proof of the directors of the company and an address proof.2. An image of your brand logo in a standard size of 9 x 5 cms3. If applicable, proof of claim of the proposed mark being used before in another country.Step 3: Filling the brand name registration applicationThere are 2 ways to file the registration – manual filing or e-filling.In case of manual filing, you will need to personally walk down and submit the application for registration to any one of the offices of the Registrar of Trade Marks located in Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai and Ahmedabad. After which you receive the acknowledgement of the application and the receipt, usually within 15-20 days of the filing.But in e-filing system, the acknowledgement of the application is issued immediately.And after you receive the acknowledgement, you can start using the (TM) symbol next to the brand name!Step 4: Examining the brand name registration applicationAfter receiving the application, the Registrar checks whether the brand name complies with the law and does not conflict or dispute with other existing registered or pending brands. That’s why, quirky brand name, people! If there is an objection then a hearing is called before the Trademark hearing office where the applicant and the objecting party gives evidence for their stand. Based on the evidence and hearing the officer decides to accept or reject the Trademark registration.If not opposed then the Trademark registration certificate will be given.Step 5: Publication in the Indian Trade Mark JournalsAfter examination, the logo or brand name is published in the Indian Trade Mark Journal. If no one raises an opposition within 3 months i.e. 90 days or in some cases 120 days, from the date of publication, the brand name proceeds to acceptance.Step 6: Issuance of the trademark registration certificateIf no one raises any opposition, within the stipulated 90 days period, the Registrar accepts the trademark application! And issues a Certificate of Registration under the seal of Trademark Registry.You may now be allowed to use the registered trademark symbol (®) next to your brand name, once the certificate has been issued.The whole process of registration of a brand name usually takes anything between 15-18 months. The trademark once accepted, is valid for a period of 10 years from the date of issuance of the Certificate of Registration. After the end of 10 years, the trademark will need to be renewed.See more at: Trademark Registration process - WazzeerAlthough the process of registering a trademark is lengthy and a little heavy on the pocket, it is definitely worth the investment of legally protecting your brand.For any help regarding this, you can signNow us at http://www.wazzeer.comIn case, you are thinking of getting some free advise from an experienced Lawyer (and Accountant), checkout Counsel application of Wazzeer.#WazzeerKACounsel**For any Legal and Accounting support, Happy to help you, let us talkPS: Wazzeer Loves entrepreneurs #GoGetIt
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What are the career options after graduating with a Bachelor's in physics?
There are actually Three things you can do after you ‘earn’ your Bachelor degree in Physics :Continue your studiesGet a Job , orGive a JobAllow me to explain each in detail -Continue your studies :-> Here you have several Options:a) Pursue Masters from IIT by cracking IITJAM or from any other university on Physics and earn a PHd later on. You can also do Integrated PHd by applying and getting a good rank in JEST , TIFR , IISER etc.b) Pursue your Masters from any IIT (or from any other University) and then pursue MTech by cracking GATE. After MTech you can get placed in some PSUs or some reputed MNCs. Many prefer higher studies though (like PHd after Mtech). (P.S - IIT Kharagpur provides Integrated Mtech-PHd for Computer Science and Data Analytics after qualifying in GATE)c) Give an entrance test conducted by few universities for Btech and get into some good Engineering Colleges. (Ex : Jadavpur University in Kolkata conducts an entrance test for students of BSc(Hons) Physics. Qualified Candidates enter into 2nd year of BTech. Likewise Calcutta University provides Btech in Radiophysics.)d) Do Bachelors in Education(BEd) for a Teaching Job.e) MSc on other subjects like Biophysics, RadioPhysics, Geophysics, Instrumentation etc. Ex - MScTech in Geophysics from ISM Dhanbad (Note : the degree mention MScTech not MTech; Both are different).f) Other Masters programme in other disciplines if you want to do it like MCA, MBA, MA, LLB etc. (Being interested in Defence Services, personally I would have preferred Masters from Institute of Defence Studies in Pune and PHd later on— a path very few know or like to tread .)g) If you have a Gap in years after your BSc Physics and possess the thought that you will be unable to share the class with the younger generation, feel free to pursue distance learning through IGNOU. You can pursue your masters on other subjects via IGNOU or sit for an entrance examination for MSc. Physics (distance learning) which by the way IGNOU conducts in collaboration with Indian Institute of Astrophysics (forms available in the month of september).h) You can also pursue higher studies from Foreign universities. Of course you have to crack the competitive exams related for that purpose.2. Get a Job :→ You can Apply for Various entrance examinations for Banks(RBI Grade B, SBI PO, IBPS etc), Railways( ASM, Goods Guard, JE, RPF SI etc) , PSUs or State Units(AAI ATC, Electricity Executives, Forest Guard etc), Armed Forces(AFCAT, CDSE, Coast Guard(only interview) ), Civil Services(UPSC CSE, State CSE, IFoS) and Central/State Police Services( SSC CAPF, UPSC CAPF, SSC CGL etc). Crack these Examinations and earn a respectable service with the Central or State Governments or Banking Sector or PSUs.(PS : If you have completed MSc Physics then you can apply in Indian Navy as an Officer or else not. Indian Navy does not recruit candidates having just BSc in Physics. You either should have BTech or do MSc Physics- the condition valid even in UPSC CDSE recruitment)→ If you want a job in your core field(subject), there are exams like ISRO Scientific Assistant, SSC IMD Scientific Assistant, BHAVINI Scientific Assistant, NCPOR Scientific Assistant(which do not conduct any exam but only Personal Interview), NPCIL Scientific Assistant etc. which too are Govt Organisations that requires Bachelor’s in Physics as a qualification.(PS- If you complete MSc in Physics however you can apply for a relatively higher position in similar organisations for the post of Scientific Officer - Some institutes like BARC donot recruit candidates having a degree less than that of MSc.)You know the craze for Government Jobs, Don’t you? Some Jobs are indeed Earned. :)→ However You can always find a Job in the Corporate Sector. Ex: TCS, WIPRO etc.So, All the very Best if getting a Job is your sole Aim.P.S - Build and Develop Skills via sites(also Android App) like Udemy, Coursera, edX, Skillshare, Codecademy etc. Trust me sometimes recruiters will be much interested if they learn that you have invested some quality time in having knowledge which can give you an edge over other candidates. Also makes your Resume look quite attractive. Moreover guess what, most courses are totally free of Cost. After Completing the Course if you wish to have the valid Certificate with a signature and stamp from reputed universities, you can pay them a certain fee. Totally ok if you dont pay as those digital certificates will not hold much value over regular courses;but do keep in mind the skill you learn can make you top notch over others.Personally I prefer to pay as a token of appreciation. Doesn’t seem much(approx 3k INR & sometimes even only 600 INR) if you consider the fact that the knowledge you receive is immense and magnificent.3. Give a Job :→ Well you know what I am going to say. The Word that became the centre of attention lately in India- ‘Entrepreneurship’.Take risks, try out new ways, give people a source of Income, earn Fortunes and build your own Empire. And the thing is you don’t even need a Bsc or Physics to be a great entrepreneur. You don’t need to work for anyone, You can always work for yourself.But yes to be brutally honest- as lovely as the situation might seem- you will most likely Fail in this venture. Dont get me wrong but what I am saying here is the ‘Reality’. However I haven’t seen or met Entrepreneurs who didnot fail and yet achieved big.Who knows You might become the next Zuckerburg or the next Elon Musk - which by the way if you dont know, Mr. Musk has done his Bachelors in Physics. ;)These are the three things which I feel you can do. The Interest and the Will rests on you and you alone. I hope I was able to remove all your doubts. Still if you have one, feel free to comment.By the way, Upvotes are Welcome. Thank you for the 177 upvotes. Means a lot.All the Best for your future.(>_<) ♡Edit- Thank you Quorans for my first 500 upvotes.
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