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[Music] hi i'm jay ashcroft missouri's secretary of state and i want to welcome you to the missouri state archives here at the missouri state archives we keep a record it's the repository of all the historical important acts of our state government although the archives wasn't created until 1965 the secretary of state has been the recorder of that state information since 1820 and we have delightful tidbits of history going all the way back and beyond our state flag which was approved in 1913. the silk flag was designed by marie elizabeth oliver and the great seal in the center was hand painted on the fabric 24 stars symbolizing missouri's place as the 24th state surround the great seal in 1988 missouri 4th graders sent in their change in a penny campaign to help repair tears in the silk and damage to the painted great seal after treatment the flag was put on display so students visiting the archives in the future would always be able to view missouri's original state flag hello welcome to the missouri state archives this is the reading room if you were to walk in here and take a look around you would see tables chairs books it would look a lot like a library we're a little bit different than a library in that we don't loan materials out here at the archives you can come and look at them but we do not loan them out because a lot of times the records that we have are the only copy that exists we keep records of permanent and open value here at the missouri state archives we get them from the three branches of state government here in missouri which are the executive legislative and judicial branches and we don't do not get federal records they're only missouri's records we do accept records that have a permanent value and what we mean when we say permanent here at the archives is that we want to keep them forever we want to provide access and we want to keep them as long as we can we do several things here at the archives that you'll learn about on this tour to ensure that that happens and we also call them open records because they're records that we want to make available to the public and anyone that walks through the doors you don't have to be a missouri citizen you don't have to be a us citizen you can be from anywhere in the world come into the missouri state archives and access the records so we use that word access a lot here at the archives much like a library provides access to books we want to provide access to the records we do this in several ways you can come into the archives and ask that we pull a record and we'll do our best to go locate it pull it out here and let you view it um we also are big believers in digitization here at the missouri state archives one of the big reasons we do that is that you can provide access to the public by digitizing records and this does this this helps the public helps staff members and it helps the records here at the archives we don't have to pull them very often if we provide access online there are a couple examples of this for example we do digitize and provide access to missouri death certificates those cover 1910 to 1969 and the way that works is that missouri law requires that they be 50 years old before we can put them online so each first working day in january we get a new batch of records we organize them with the help of volunteers digitize them and then index them and provide access online i mentioned we get several different types of researchers in the archives we get genealogy research which is family research we get legal researchers we get historical researchers we get professors students teachers you name it we get those types of researchers here at the archives the vast majority of which are the genealogy history researchers they come in here because they want to trace back their lineage here in missouri and as you might know missouri became a state in 1821 and the history of missouri goes back far before that if you look behind me there is a conservation lab through the glass windows that you will see that's one of the first steps to digitization and making that getting access to the records records go back there to have blemishes removed such as tape glue some of the things that people put on records that cause permanent damage and after they go to the conservation lab and get any kind of cleanup that can be done they then go to the imaging lab and this is where the physical records go to be scanned and then digitized and placed on a cd a disk placed online from there let me talk about some of the different formats which makes digitization a little bit difficult as you know there's been several different formats that records have gone through in just a short amount of time right now we use usb drives a lot of you probably have seen them before and know a lot about them these allow you to put records on them plug them into a computer and then view that record what you might not be familiar with or less familiar with is an eight-track tape some of you might be a little too young to know what this is but this was another way that records were digitized and you could view them or listen to them listen to audio and view physical records and then you have floppy disk floppy disk there aren't too many computers left that view floppy disk it's kind of gone to the usb drives this just gives you an example of some of the records that go get outdated or some of the formats that get outdated and make record digitization very difficult so we also have microfilm here at the missouri state archives we have about 66 000 reels on microfilm for county level stuff and we also have about five or six thousand more reels for census records military records and some federal film we use microfilm here at the archives because of its durability as you can see when i wrinkle this up it comes back to normal if i did that to a page on a record it would destroy it it also has a very long shelf life we scientists estimate that it lasts about 500 years we don't know that for sure yet but that's the estimate we have a couple different sizes we have this 35 millimeter and then this 16 millimeter microfilm both of which can hold a lot of pages on them it's believed they can hold about 2 500 pages on this 35 millimeter microfilm this is typically used for your larger pages like this missouri state penitentiary book and then we use the smaller microfilm for letter size pages and smaller pages this takes up far less space it's extremely durable lasts a long time and another important aspect to it is all you need is magnification and light to see what's on these pages as you can see you can't see them right now but if you were to hold them up to light and magnify them you could read the records just like you would if they were sitting in front of you on a piece of paper we've also got cds here at the archives and when you come into the archives and you ask to see a record we may give you a disk and put that into a computer for you to view it it's one of the most common things we use it for our images we do have a lot of image collections that go on cd and make access to those images very easy so after talking about some of the challenges of access and some of the different formats and how they've changed over the years let's talk a little bit about what kind of records we get here at the archives so i mentioned we get executive legislative and judicial if you were to come into the archives into the reference room you might ask a question such as who is the current governor here in missouri a lot of you might know that it is governor michael parson you'll see image of him here in this book this is the kind of question that we would refer you to this book which we call the official manual of the state of missouri or aptly named the blue book it gets its name from the fact that it's blue nearly every one that's released every two years is blue and we call it the official manual we would refer people with simple reference questions such as that this to this book now what if i were to ask you who was governor in 1913 that might be a little bit more difficult to answer but again we would refer the patron to this blue book you would see that it's elliott majors here in the photo this does provide some biographical information about him as well as people in his cabinet it would provide a little bit of information about them so it's a gold mine for genealogy researchers who might be related to him or know someone related to him and doing research another interesting thing about this blue book is you have these architectural drawings of the missouri state capitol as you might know the missouri state capitol burned down in 1911 after it was struck by lightning and this is just new architectural drawings of what would have been approved for the new capitol building which would have gone through the legislature been approved voted on and then they give the public access to the plans of the new capital i also mentioned legislative research here here at the library we have a lot of bills and you can track the progress of various bills throughout their lifespan and you can track the changes over time here at the archives a lot of legislative researchers are doing just that they want to look through old session laws and see what a bill looked like when it passed versus what it looked like maybe 50 years later and how it changed over time i will show an example of this bill here this is a bill that would have made the missouri state flag the official missouri state flag it gives you a lot of the legal language here and this would have been passed in 1913 and we actually house the original here at the archives we also have judicial records here at the archives we have supreme court records we have appellate court records for the eastern western and southern districts and we have those up till relatively recently and then as far back as those records will go i'll show you an example of an old supreme court record here so when we organize the records we put them into files and we you usually give a physical description of what's in there just a briefcase synopsis and kind of summarize the contents of the case this is a supreme court case file and interestingly enough this is from 1868 so that'll show you its age a little bit some people are shocked to see some of the original script that is written on the pages obviously now a lot of the records are typed when you get the court records now but this is what they would have looked like in 1868 all right since we've talked about the three types of records the executive legislative and judicial branch let's talk a little bit about what we do digitize and put online and we do have missouri state penitentiary records i do have one open here on the table to give you an idea the physical size of it and then some of the information that's in it these penitentiary books these register books are a listing of inmates who entered the prison and then the date that they entered the date they were discharged why they were there their name a physical description and all sorts of that information these started in 1836 and we have them up through about the 1980s here at the archives you'll see that there's a guy over here named william boggs he's the second line down and he was actually in prison for impersonating a voter we kind of flipped to this one because it's a little bit of an interesting reason to be in the prison in the first place missouri state penitentiary was not a good place to go and he got sent there for impersonating a voter okay let's also talk about a couple other things death certificates i mentioned them earlier on in the talk death certificates are online from 1910 to 1969 and you can access them at your convenience at home and print them off they are open records they're probably the most popular record we have digitized because people use a lot of it for their genealogy research they can find the relatives printed off find their cause of death and find family members listed on the certificate as well and this is william blind boone who was blind from early childhood after he developed a brain fever and went blind as a result of a surgery that was done to relieve the swelling on his brain he became a relatively famous musician and perform performed thousands of concerts here in the united states and around the world so that's an example of what you can find you'll also find laura ingalls wilder in there as well and lastly we got census records here at the archives now these are federal records and we do have state censuses as well and we've actually put those online some state some of the state censuses online through our new debt census database this is actually a census record showing butch o'hare and at the time of this he was only five years old you might know him he was the first naval recipient of the congressional medal of honor in world war ii he actually shot down five enemy fighters single-handedly by himself when his naval carrier was attacked and he's also the namesake of the chicago o'hare international airport so i'll just give you an idea of some of the different types of records we have again digitization is key we're trying to get things out there to provide access and it keeps hands off the records a little bit and you can still view the records um thank you for stopping by on this visit here at the reference room and we look forward to seeing you soon hi my name is mary and this is the stax portion of today's tour now behind me is the stax that's where the missouri state archives holds all of its permanent and historic records you heard from daniel that the missouri state archives is an open archive which means anybody can come and view any of our records but we are a closed stack which means next time you come to the archives to do some research you'll wait out in the reference room you'll tell a reference archivist what it is you're looking for then that archivist will come back here take the record off the shelf and bring it out to you we do this because we have over 300 million pieces of paper behind this door so really we are worried that a record will accidentally get into the wrong folder or the wrong folder in the wrong box or on the wrong spot of the shelf and then we're going to have a really hard time trying to find that record again so that's what a closed stack means and again because we're closed you will notice the door is locked you have to have a special badge or pass card to get in in addition the door is also an alarmed so if the door is open at the wrong time of day or open for too long capital police will be notified and they'll come down to see what's going on so come with me and we will go into the stacks and see where all of our permanent and historic records are stored all right this is the stacks this is where the missouri state archives stores all of its permanent and historic records if you'll notice the floor the ceiling the walls are all made out of concrete and the big moving bookcases the stacks themselves they're all made out of metal so what natural disaster are we afraid of fire if records get dirty they can be cleaned if they get torn they can be mended if they get wet they can be dried but if a record burns it is just a small pile of ashes and there's nothing we can do with it after that now in 1911 there was no missouri state archives and all of the state government records were stored in the basement of the capitol building when the capitol building was struck by lightning and burned to the ground this is a photograph of the capitol that night showing it on fire we also have a photograph taken later showing the ruin of the senate chamber so after that 1911 capital fire the state decided to store all of its records in different places so rather than putting all of its eggs in one basket some records would be over here in this building some records would be over there in that building it sounded like a good idea but it ended up with records being stored like this these are land records being stored on the floor of a basement garage of a coal burning powerhouse that is not how you ever want to store your records the man climbing there that is state representative alexander petrovic in 1965 he sponsored legislation that created the m ssouri state archives we were created to be a central state agency that would care for and store and protect missouri's permanent and historic records all right as you can see we store all of our records in archival folders in archival boxes now a lot of times people ask how do you find actually find a record well archivists make things called finding aids and a finding aid is a lot like a table of contents in a book so your table of contents is going to tell you that chapter 3 starts on a certain page and the finding aid is going to tell you that the records you're looking for is in folder 1 of box 18 of 6a tier 1 shelf 6. so that way the archivist comes right to the right location they find the box they're looking for you can tell because it's labeled and then when you open the box up you'll see that all of the folders are labeled and although the folders are numbered so that way it's easy for patron to find the record they're looking for these folders and boxes are a special quality they're acid free they are water resistant and we're also lucky that we get to have movable shelving so the shelves themselves the bookcases will move when two bookcases meet they are going to form a bit of a seal so if our sprinkler system does go off water won't get in there we keep the stacks at a very stable cool temperature when you're storing records you will really want to keep them at a stable temperature and stable humidity you don't want big fluctuating swings in temperature so you don't want to store a record in an attic where it's going to get real hot during the summer and real cold during the winter you want to keep everything level all right now for everyone's favorite part of the tour i'm going to show you how the movable shelving works if we wanted to get into a record on the back side of this bookcase we're going to have to move it but first we're going to have to look down the aisle and make sure we're not about to squish a co-worker so all right now fully loaded each of these bookcases weighs two tons and with these handles we're able to move them with just one hand and if you notice not every bookcase has a handle number seven behind me is stationary we have 25 of these bookcases in a row and keeping certain ones of them stationary means you don't have to try and move all 25 at a time the most you ever have to move is five at a time welcome to famous missourians this is where we will be looking at historical documents documenting famous people in the history of missouri and we will be looking at facsimiles which just means really really good copies so think about some of the famous missourians that you may have learned about in school such as daniel boone or george washington carver or harry truman or laura ingalls wilder we'll be talking about those and many many more so first up is a man named daniel boone so he was one of the pioneers of missouri in an early settler so this is an 1804 land grant record for daniel boone and his son nathan daniel boone was an early settler of missouri and a pioneer of the area boone county boonesville boone's lick are all named after him so like i said this is a land grant record you can see a nice little map of the property here this is essentially like an 1804 version of a mortgage or a lease saying hey i am allowed to be right here this document is also in two different languages it is in english and in spanish that is because before the missouri was a part of the united states we were a part of spanish territory and we were also part of a french territory like i said this is from 1804 missouri did not become a state until 1821 so we have documents about missouri before missouri was even a state our oldest document at the missouri state archives is from 1770 so we have records from before missouri was even a state and the united states was even a country which is pretty cool so next up we're going to be talking about this man his name is dred scott he's a pretty important character in st louis history and missouri history so he was an enslaved man in st louis in the 1840s he and his wife harriet were taken to the free state of illinois and the free territory of wisconsin by their enslaver and when they got back to missouri they decided to sue for their freedom in st louis there are a lot of freedom suits like this where enslaved people were taken to free territories and decided to sue for their freedom it was got appealed and went all the way up to the united states supreme court and the united states supreme court decided that no other enslaved people were able to sue for their freedom and dreden harriet's court case was a really big catalyst or jumping off point for the start of the civil war so they're important people to know this is one of those documents from that circuit court case in saint louis you'll notice that the lawyer who wrote this had very very messy handwriting but at the bottom he wrote dred scott his mark and then dred scott wrote an x to say that he had signed the document why did he write an x as opposed to signing his own name well it was illegal for enslaved people and for free people of color in missouri at the time to know how to read or write so that x was basically designating that he had the document read to him he understood it and he was citing the terms and conditions but he had to write an x instead of signing his name fast forward a few years and we have the ordinance abolishing slavery in the state of missouri so abolish essentially means to get rid of or to end and this was in january of 1865 a few months before the 13th amendment of the united states constitution was ratified so you'll notice that along the side here it looks a little wonky that is because this is one of the documents in the 1911 capitol fire so it was actually folded up in a box like this the top of the box got singed but then we still have the core of the document which is pretty cool also if you have ever done your homework and you have forgotten a word and you had to carry it in real small don't mind because adults do that too if you noticed the writer of this document actually forgot the word slaves on one of this last line so they had to carry it in real small too shifting gears just a little bit uh we're going to be talking about census records now this is 2020 we just had a census completed but the the united states government takes a census every 10 years essentially to take attendance of everybody living in the entire country this is to determine how many representatives you get in congress determines funding for all sorts of things so this is the 1870 census in newton county on line 15 there is a 10 year old boy named george carver george carver would then grow up to be george washington carver and he was a noted peanut scientist and he did lots of work with soybeans and crop rotation he did lots of good work at the tuskegee institute down in alabama but he was born in missouri and then lived in the southwest part of the state for his childhood this is another example of a census record this is a census index card this is for an 18 year old young man living with his brother herbert in kansas city his name was walter e disney yes walt disney grew up in missouri after moving here from chicago as a toddler this is right before he would have moved out to california to really start his animation career he started his animation career in kansas city living with his brother so walt disney our very own speaking of walt disney we also have in our collection this missouri nature nights pledge card so this was drawn four kids in missouri in this program and it was a program for the department of conservation for kids to promise to keep animals safe and keep nature clean and all that good stuff that we should still be doing um but this is a card drawn by disney and we know about when it was drawn because if you notice the deer look quite a bit like bambi and the rabbits look quite a bit like thumper the birds look like they belong in snow white so we know that this card was drawn in the late 30s early 40s just because of the animation style so kids in missouri got their very own walt disney drawing which is pretty cool another large part of our collection are death certificates as was mentioned earlier so we have death certificates for author laura ingalls wilder and her husband almanzo if you've read little house on the prairie almonzo was farmer boy a little laura ingalls wilder spent most of her adult life in the southern portion of the state you can still visit her home but death certificates are really really cool especially if you are starting off as doing a genealogy project because they have lots of good information on one piece of paper they have the parents names the spouse's names their occupation where they're buried their birth date where they were born all kinds of really cool information on one nice piece of paper so if you're starting off on a family tree project this is a really good place to start missouri has ours on our website so you can feel free to search those as well in addition to documents which i'm showing a lot of textual documents we also have over 700 000 photographs in our collection this is one of our favorites here we have harry truman missouri's very own and only president and here we have the missouri state animal which is the missouri mule and this is actually at the state fair so this is all kinds of missouri goodness all in one photo like i said we have over 700 thousand photographs in the archives including one harry truman so shifting to people that you probably haven't heard of but i think you should so first up we have annie white maxter annie white baxter was the first woman to be elected to any public office in missouri and she was the first female county clerk in the nation she was elected in 1890 in jasper county and so she was elected at age 26 to oversee elections 30 years before she even had the right to vote she was also recently inducted into the missouri hall of fame and she's pretty cool other people include waffle moore he was the first african-american representative elected to missouri in 1920 remember missouri became a state in 1821 so it was wasn't until 100 years later that the first african-american was elected to the state legislator he was from saint louis he was the only african-american for a few years in the legislature and at that time he was not allowed to live with the other legislators and he was not allowed to eat with them so he had to live and eat at a separate portion because jefferson city was segregated at that time so something to keep in mind and finally we have an enlistment contract for ernest hemingway we have lots of military records at the state archives including national guard enlistment contracts ernest hemingway is an author and he was living in kansas city working at the kansas city star as a newspaper man according to his enlistment contract and this is right before he enlisted in world war one where he actually um used his experience in world war one in italy to for a lot of his work so he was living in missouri and we have his enlistment contract which is pretty cool and thank you for virtually visiting the missouri state archives we hope to see you in person soon feel free to check out our website we are at sos.mo archives or you can shoot us an email with any of your research questions at archives sos.mo.gov