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What are the important sections of cyber laws in India?
The Government of India enacted its Information Technology Act 2000 with the objectives stating officially as: “to provide legal recognition for transactions carried out by means of electronic data interchange and other means of electronic communication, commonly referred to as "electronic commerce", which involve the use of alternatives to paper-based methods of communication and storage of information, to facilitate electronic filing of documents with the Government agencies and further to amend the Indian Penal Code, the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, the Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 1891 and the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.The Act essentially deals with the following issues: Legal Recognition of Electronic Documents Legal Recognition of Digital Signatures Offenses and Contraventions Justice Dispensation Systems for cyber crimes.CYBER CRIME- Cyber Crime is not defined officially in IT Act or in any other legislation. In fact, it cannot be too. Offence or crime has been dealt with elaborately listing various acts and the punishments for each, under the Indian Penal Code, 1860 and related legislations. Hence, the concept of cyber crime, is just a "combination of crime and computer". Cybercrime means any illegal behavior directed by means of electronic operations that targets the security of computer systems and the data processed by them. Furthermore any illegal behavior committed by means of, or in relation to, a computer system or network, including such crimes as illegal possession and offering or distributing information by means of a computer system or network. Any contract for the sale or conveyance of immovable property or any interest in such property; Any such class of documents or transactions as may be notified by the Central Here are some of the sections of the IT Act 2000 which are related to cyber crimes: Section 43 - Penalty and Compensation for damage to computer, computer system, If any person without permission of the owner or any other person who is in-charge of a computer, computer system or computer network – (a) accesses or secures access to such computer, computer system or computer network or computer resource (b) downloads, copies or extracts any data, computer data, computer database or information from such computer, computer system or computer network including information or data held or stored in any removable storage medium; (c) introduces or causes to be introduced any computer contaminant or computer virus into any computer, computer system or computer network- (d) damages or causes to be damaged any computer, computer system or computer network, data, computer database, or any other programmes residing in such computer, computer system or computer network-3. (e) disrupts or causes disruption of any computer, computer system, or computer network; (f) denies or causes the denial of access to any person authorised to access any computer, computer system or computer network by any means (h) charges the services availed of by a person to the account of another person by tampering with or manipulating any computer of a computer, computer system or computer network- (g) provides any assistance to any person to facilitate access to a computer, computer system or computer network in contravention of the provisions of this Act, rules or regulations made there under, (h) charges the services availed of by a person to the account of another person by tampering with or manipulating any computer, computer system, or computer network, (i) destroys, deletes or alters any information residing in a computer resource or diminishes its value or utility or affects it injuriously by any means, (j) Steals, conceals, destroys or alters or causes any person to steal, conceal, destroy or alter any computer source code used for a computer resource with an intention to cause damage, he shall be liable to pay damages by way of compensation to the person so affected. Section 43A - Compensation for failure to protect data Where a body corporate, possessing, dealing or handling any sensitive personal data or information in a computer resource which it owns, controls or operates, is negligent in implementing and maintaining reasonable security practices and procedures and thereby causes wrongful loss or wrongful gain to any person, such body corporate shall be liable to pay damages by way of compensation, not exceeding five crore rupees, to the person so affected. Section 65 - Tampering with Computer Source Documents If any person knowingly or intentionally conceals, destroys code or alters or causes another to conceal, destroy code or alter any computer, computer programme, computer system, or computer network, he shall be punishable with imprisonment up to three years, or with fine up to two lakh rupees, or with both. Section 66 - Computer Related Offences If any person, dishonestly, or fraudulently, does any act referred to in section 43, he shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two three years or with fine which may extend to five lakh rupees or with both. Section 66A - Punishment for sending offensive messages through communication service Any person who sends, by means of a computer resource or a communication device, (a) any information that is grossly offensive or has menacing character; (b) any information which he knows to be false, but for the purpose of causing annoyance, inconvenience, danger, obstruction, insult, injury, criminal intimidation, enmity, hatred, or ill will, persistently makes by making use of such computer resource or a communication device, (c) any electronic mail or electronic mail message for the purpose of causing annoyance or inconvenience or to deceive or to mislead the addressee or recipient about the origin of such messages shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and with fine. Section 66B - Punishment for dishonestly receiving stolen computer resource or communication device. Whoever dishonestly receives or retains any stolen computer resource or communication device knowing or having reason to believe the same to be stolen computer resource or communication device,4. shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years or with fine which may extend to rupees one lakh or with both. Section 66C - Punishment for identity theft Whoever, fraudulently or dishonestly make use of the electronic signature, password or any other unique identification feature of any other person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend to rupees one lakh. Section 66D - Punishment for cheating by personation by using computer resource Whoever, by means of any communication device or computer resource cheats by personating; shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend to one lakh rupees. Section 66E - Punishment for violation of privacy Whoever, intentionally or knowingly captures, publishes or transmits the image of a private area of any person without his or her consent, under circumstances violating the privacy of that person, Explanation - For the purposes of this section: (a) “transmit” means to electronically send a visual image with the intent that it be viewed by a person or persons; (b) “capture”, with respect to an image, means to videotape, photograph, film or record by any means; (c) “private area” means the naked or undergarment clad genitals, pubic area, buttocks or female breast; (d) “publishes” means reproduction in the printed or electronic form and making it available for public; (e) “under circumstances violating privacy” means circumstances in which a person can have a reasonable expectation that-- (i) he or she could disrobe in privacy, without being concerned that an image of his private area was being captured; or (ii) any part of his or her private area would not be visible to the public, regardless of whether that person is in a public or private place. shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend to three years or with fine not exceeding two lakh rupees, or with both. Section-66F Cyber Terrorism Whoever,- with intent to threaten the unity, integrity, security or sovereignty of India or to strike terror in the people or any section of the people by – (i) denying or cause the denial of access to any person authorized to access computer resource; or (ii) attempting to penetrate or access a computer resource without authorisation or exceeding authorized access; or (iii) introducing or causing to introduce any Computer Contaminant and by means of such conduct causes or is likely to cause death or injuries to persons or damage to or destruction of property or disrupts or knowing that it is likely to cause damage or disruption of supplies or services essential to the life of the community or adversely affect the critical information infrastructure specified under section 70, Whoever commits or conspires to commit cyber terrorism shall be punishable with imprisonment which may extend to imprisonment for life. Section 67 - Punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene material in electronic form Whoever publishes or transmits or causes to be published in the electronic form, any material which is lascivious or appeals to the prurient interest or if its effect is such as to tend to deprave and corrupt persons who are likely, having regard to all relevant circumstances, to read, see or hear the matter contained or embodied in it, shall be punished on first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which5. may extend to two three years and with fine which may extend to five lakh rupees and in the event of a second or subsequent conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years and also with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees. Section 67A - Punishment for publishing or transmitting of material containing sexually explicit act, etc. in electronic form Whoever publishes or transmits or causes to be published or transmitted in the electronic form any material which contains sexually explicit act or conduct shall be punished on first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years and with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees and in the event of second or subsequent conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years and also with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees. Section 67B - Punishment for publishing or transmitting of material depicting children in sexually explicit act, etc. in electronic form Whoever:- (a) publishes or transmits or causes to be published or transmitted material in any electronic form which depicts children engaged in sexually explicit act or conduct or (b) creates text or digital images, collects, seeks, browses, downloads, advertises, promotes, exchanges or distributes material in any electronic form depicting children in obscene or indecent or sexually explicit manner or (c) cultivates, entices or induces children to online relationship with one or more children for and on sexually explicit act or in a manner that may offend a reasonable adult on the computer resource or (d) facilitates abusing children online or (e) records in any electronic form own abuse or that of others pertaining to sexually explicit act with children, shall be punished on first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years and with a fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees and in the event of second or subsequent conviction with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years and also with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees: Section 69 - Powers to issue directions for interception or monitoring or decryption of any information through any computer resource.- (1) Where the central Government or a State Government or any of its officer specially authorized by the Central Government or the State Government, as the case may be, in this behalf may, if is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient to do in the interest of the sovereignty or integrity of India, defence of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States or public order or for preventing incitement to the commission of any cognizable offence relating to above or for investigation of any offence, it may, subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), for reasons to be recorded in writing, by order, direct any agency of the appropriate Government to intercept, monitor or decrypt or cause to be intercepted or monitored or decrypted any information transmitted received or stored through any computer resource. (2) The Procedure and safeguards subject to which such interception or monitoring or decryption may be carried out, shall be such as may be prescribed. (3) The subscriber or intermediary or any person in charge of the computer resource shall, when called upon by any agency which has been directed under sub section (1), extend all facilities and technical assistance to -6. (a) provide access to or secure access to the computer resource generating, transmitting, receiving or storing such information; or (b) intercept or monitor or decrypt the information, as the case may be; or (c) provide information stored in computer resource. (4) The subscriber or intermediary or any person who fails to assist the agency referred to in sub-section (3) shall be punished with an imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine. Section 69A - Power to issue directions for blocking for public access of any information through any computer resource (1) Where the Central Government or any of its officer specially authorized by it in this behalf is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient so to do in the interest of sovereignty and integrity of India, defense of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign states or public order or for preventing incitement to the commission of any cognizable offence relating to above, it may subject to the provisions of sub-sections (2) for reasons to be recorded in writing, by order direct any agency of the Government or intermediary to block access by the public or cause to be blocked for access by public any information generated, transmitted, received, stored or hosted in any computer resource. (2) The procedure and safeguards subject to which such blocking for access by the public may be carried out shall be such as may be prescribed. (3) The intermediary who fails to comply with the direction issued under sub-section (1) shall be punished with an imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and also be liable to fine. Section 69B. Power to authorize to monitor and collect traffic data or information through any computer resource for Cyber Security (1) The Central Government may, to enhance Cyber Security and for identification, analysis and prevention of any intrusion or spread of computer contaminant in the country, by notification in the official Gazette, authorize any agency of the Government to monitor and collect traffic data or information generated, transmitted, received or stored in any computer resource. (2) The Intermediary or any person in-charge of the Computer resource shall when called upon by the agency which has been authorized under sub-section (1), provide technical assistance and extend all facilities to such agency to enable online access or to secure and provide online access to the computer resource generating, transmitting, receiving or storing such traffic data or information. (3) The procedure and safeguards for monitoring and collecting traffic data or information, shall be such as may be prescribed. (4) Any intermediary who intentionally or knowingly contravenes the provisions of subsection (2) shall be punished with an imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine. Section 71. Penalty for misrepresentation Whoever makes any misrepresentation to, or suppresses any material fact from, the Controller or the signNowing Authority for obtaining any license or Electronic Signature Certificate, as the case may be, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees, or with both.7. Section 72 - BsignNow of confidentiality and privacy Any person who, in pursuant of any of the powers conferred under this Act, rules or regulations made there under, has secured access to any electronic record, book, register, correspondence, information, document or other material without the consent of the person concerned discloses such electronic record, book, register, correspondence, information, document or other material to any other person shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees, or with both. These are the IPC Section codes : Section 499. Defamation Whoever, by words either spoken or intended to be read, or by signs or by visible representations, makes or publishes any imputation concerning any person intending to harm, or knowing or having reason to believe that such imputation will harm, the reputation of such person, is said, except in the cases hereinafter expected, to defame that person. It may amount to defamation to impute anything to a deceased person, if the imputation would harm the reputation of that person if living, and is intended to be hurtful to the feelings of his family or other near relatives. First Exception.—Imputation of truth which public good requires to be made or published Second Exception.—Public conduct of public servants Third Exception.—Conduct of any person touching any public question Fourth Exception.—Publication of reports of proceedings of Courts Fifth Exception.-Merits of case decided in Court or conduct of witnesses and others concerned. Sixth Exception.—Merits of public performance Seventh Exception.—Censure passed in good faith by person having lawful authority over another. Eighth Exception.—Accusation preferred in good faith to authorised person. Ninth Exception.—Imputation made in good faith by person for protection of his or other’s interests Tenth Exception.—Caution intended for good of person to whom conveyed or for public good Section 500. Punishment for defamation Whoever defames another shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.8. CLASSIFICATION OF OFFENCE Para I Punishment—Simple imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both—Non-cognizable—Bailable—Triable by Court of Session—Compoundable by the person defamed. Para II Punishment—Simple imprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both—Non-cognizable—Bailable—Triable by Magistrate of the first class—Compoundable by the person defamed with the permission of the court Section 420 Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property Whoever cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to make, alter or destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.CLASSIFICATION OF OFFENCE Punishment—Imprisonment for 7 years and fine—Cognizable—Non-bailable—Triable by Magistrate of the first class—Compoundable by the person cheated with the permission of the court. Section 383. Extortion Whoever intentionally puts any person in fear of any injury to that person, or to any other, and thereby dishonestly induces the person so put in fear to deliver to any property or valuable security, or anything signed or sealed which may be converted into a valuable security, commits “extortion”. Example; (a) A threatens to publish a defamatory libel concerning Z unless Z give him money. He thus induces Z to give him money. A has committed extortion. (b) A threatens Z that he will keep Z’s child in wrongful confinement, unless Z will sign and deliver to A promissory note binding Z to pay certain monies to A. Z signs and delivers the note. A has committed extortion. (c) A threatens to send club-men to plough up Z’s field unless Z will sign and deliver to B bond binding Z under a penalty to deliver certain produce to B, and thereby induces Z to sing and deliver the bond. A has committed extortion. (d) A, by putting Z in fear of grievous hurt, dishonestly induces Z to sign or affix his seal to a blank paper and deliver it to A. Z signs and delivers the paper to A. Here, as the paper so signed may be converted into a valuable security. A has committed extortion. Section 384. Punishment for extortion Whoever commits extortion shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine or with both.9. CLASSIFICATION OF OFFENCE Punishment—Imprisonment for 3 years, or fine, or both—Cognizable—Non-bailable—Triable by any Magistrate—Non-compoundable.Section 463. Forgery Whoever makes any false documents or false electronic record or part of a document or electronic record, with intent to cause damage or injury], to the public or to any person, or to support any claim or title, or to cause any person to part with property, or to enter into any express or implied contract, or with intent to commit fraud or that fraud may be committed, commits forgery.Section 465. Punishment for forgery Whoever commits forgery shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.CLASSIFICATION OF OFFENCE Punishment—Punishment for forgery of such document—Cognizable—Bailable—Triable by Magistrate of the first class—Non-compoundable. Section 503. Criminal intimidation Whoever threatens another with any injury to his person, reputation or property, or to the person or reputation of any one in whom that person is interested, with intent to cause alarm to that person, or to cause that person to do any act which he is not legally bound to do, or to omit to do any act which that person is legally entitled to do, as the means of avoiding the execution of such threat, commits criminal intimidation. Explanation A threat to injure the reputation of any deceased person in whom the person threatened is interested, is within this section. Illustration A, for the purpose of inducing B to desist from prosecuting a civil suit, threatens to burn B’s house. A is guilty of criminal intimidation. The following are the live cases : Section 43 Related Case: Mphasis BPO Fraud: 2005 In December 2004, four call centre employees, working at an outsourcing facility operated by MphasiS in India, obtained PIN codes from four customers of MphasiS’ client, Citi Group. These employees were not authorized to obtain the PINs. In association with others, the call centre employees opened new accounts at Indian banks using false identities. Within two months, they used the PINs and account information gleaned during their employment at MphasiS to transfer money from the bank accounts of CitiGroup customers to the new accounts at Indian banks.10. By April 2005, the Indian police had tipped off to the scam by a U.S. bank, and quickly identified the individuals involved in the scam. Arrests were made when those individuals attempted to withdraw cash from the falsified accounts, $426,000 was stolen; the amount recovered was $230,000. Verdict: Court held that Section 43(a) was applicable here due to the nature of unauthorized access involved to commit transactions. Section 65 Related Case: Syed Asifuddin and Ors. Vs. The State of Andhra Pradesh In this case, Tata Indicom employees were arrested for manipulation of the electronic 32- bit number (ESN) programmed into cell phones theft were exclusively franchised to Reliance Infocomm. Verdict: Court held that tampering with source code invokes Section 65 of the Information Technology Act.Section 66 Related Case: Kumar v/s Whiteley In this case the accused gained unauthorized access to the Joint Academic Network (JANET) and deleted, added files and changed the passwords to deny access to the authorized users. Investigations had revealed that Kumar was logging on to the BSNL broadband Internet connection as if he was the authorized genuine user and ‘made alteration in the computer database pertaining to broadband Internet user accounts’ of the subscribers. The CBI had registered a cyber crime case against Kumar and carried out investigations on the basis of a complaint by the Press Information Bureau, Chennai, which detected the unauthorised use of broadband Internet. The complaint also stated that the subscribers had incurred a loss of Rs 38,248 due to Kumar’s wrongful act. He used to ‘hack’ sites from Bangalore, Chennai and other cities too, they said. Verdict: The Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, Egmore, Chennai, sentenced N G Arun Kumar, the techie from Bangalore to undergo a rigorous imprisonment for one year with a fine of Rs 5,000 under section 420 IPC (cheating) and Section 66 of IT Act (Computer related Offence). section 66 A Relevant Case #1: Fake profile of President posted by imposter On September 9, 2010, the imposter made a fake profile in the name of the Hon’ble President Pratibha Devi Patil. A complaint was made from Additional Controller, President Household, President Secretariat regarding the four fake profiles created in the name of Hon’ble President on social networking website, Facebook. The said complaint stated that president house has nothing to do with the facebook and the fake profile is misleading the general public. The First Information Report Under Sections 469 IPC and 66A Information Technology Act, 2000 was registered based on the said complaint at the police station, Economic Offences Wing, the elite wing of Delhi Police which specializes in investigating economic crimes including cyber offences. Relevant Case #2: Bomb Hoax mail In 2009, a 15-year-old Bangalore teenager was arrested by the cyber crime investigation cell (CCIC) of the city crime branch for allegedly sending a hoax e-mail to a private news channel. In the e-mail, he claimed to have planted five bombs in Mumbai, challenging the police to find them before it was too late. At around 1p.m. on May 25, the news channel received an e-mail that read: “I have planted five bombs in Mumbai; you have two hours to find it.” The police, who were alerted immediately, traced the Internet Protocol (IP) address to Vijay Nagar in Bangalore. The Internet service provider for the account was BSNL, said officials. section 66 C Relevant Cases: security number was exposed by Matt Lauer on NBC’s Today Show. Davis’ identity was used to obtain a $500 cash advance loan. University of Pennsylvania faked his own death, complete with a forged obituary in his local paper. Nine months later, Li attempted to obtain a new driver’s license with the intention of applying for new credit cards eventually.Section 66C: Punishment for identity theft Imprisonment upto three years and Fine upto Rs. 1 Lakhs.Section 66D: Punishment for cheating by personation by using computer resourceSection 66E: Punishment for violation of privacy Imprisonment upto three years and/or Fine upto Rs. 2 LakhsSection 66F: Punishment for cyber terrorism May extend to Life imprisonment -do- Non bailable.Section 67: Publishing obscene information in electronic form FirstConviction: Imprisonment upto three years and Fine upto Rs. 5 LakhsSecond or subsequent Conviction : Imprisonment upto five years and Fine upto Rs. 10 Lakhs -do- Bailable in case of first conviction only. Second or subsequent conviction shall be non bailableSection 67A: Punishment for publishing or transmitting of material containing sexually explicit act, etc. in electronic form First Conviction:Imprisonment upto Five years and Fine upto Rs. 10 LakhsSecond or subsequent Conviction : Imprisonment upto Seven years and Fine upto Rs. 10 Lakhs -do- Non-bailable in both first and second conviction.Section 67B: Punishment for publishing or transmitting of material depicting children in sexually explicit act, etc. in electronic form.Section 67C (2): Deliberate Failure by the intermediary to preserve and retain information as specified by the Central Government.Section 68 (2): Deliberate Failure to comply with the order/direction of controller.Section 69 (4): Failure to extend facilities to decrypt information to govt. notified agencySection 69A (3): Punishment for failure by the intermediary to comply with the order of the notified agency to block websites etc.Section 69B (4): Deliberate failure by the intermediary to provide the notified agency with the technical assistance or online access to the computer resource.Section 70: Unauthorized access to protected system directly or indirectly affects the facility of Critical Information Infrastructure.Section 72A: Punishment for Disclosure of information in bsignNow of lawful contract Indian Arms Act 1959 Imprisonment upto three years and Fine .Bailable Imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to a fine not exceeding one lakh rupees or to both Imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years and fine Imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and fine Imprisonment up to 10 years and fine Cognizable Non bailable Imprisonment for a term upto three years or to a fine upto Rs. 5 Lakhs or to both.Chapter V – Offences and Penalties Sec.25 – Punishment for certain offencesSec.26 – Secret contraventionsSec.27 – Punishment for using arms, etc. Non cognizable -do- Cognizable Non bailable Non Cognizable BailableSec.28 – Punishment for use and possession of firearms or imitation firearms in certain casesSec.29 – Punishment for knowingly purchasing arms, etc., from unlicensed person or for delivering arms, etc., to person not entitled to possess the sameSec.30 – Punishment for contravention of licence or ruleSec.31 – Punishment for subsequent offencesSec.32 – Power to confiscateSec.33 – Offence by companies NDPS ACT On 8th September, 2011, the Government introduced the NDPS (Amendment) Bill, 2011 in the Lok Sabha. The Bill was referred to the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Finance on 13th September, 2011 for further consideration. The Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985 is the central law on control, regulation and prohibition of narcotic and psychotropic drugs in India. The Act was last amended in 2001, to rationalize punishment and adopt a sentencing structure based on the quantity of drugs involved. The stringent penal structure and rigid implementation of the NDPS Act created many problems including non-availability of opioid medication and lack of access to drug dependence treatment. The Bill seeks to amend a number of provisions of the NDPS Act including:•Modification of the definitions of ‘small’ and ‘commercial’ quantity to include the entire amount of drugs involved and not only the pure drug content [Section 2(xxiiia) and Section 2(viia)]•Standardisation of punishment for consumption of drugs to a maximum of 6 months or fine [Section 27]•Transfer of power to regulate “poppy straw concentrate” from the State to the Central Government [Sections 9 and 10]•Widening provisions for forfeiture of illegally acquired property, wherein any property of a person who is alleged to be involved in illicit traffic whose source cannot be proved is termed as ‘illegally acquired property’ and liable to be seized [Sections 68-B, 68H and 68-O]•Addition of the term ‘management’ to provisions on treatment for drug dependence [Section 71] Concerns over the Bill The proposed quantity definitions would have far signNowing implications on sentencing for NDPS offences and may expose low-level drug offenders, including people who use drugs to stringent punishment. Despite standardisation of punishment for consumption of drugs, the policy of criminalisation of drug use remains unchanged. The overbroad scope of the forfeiture provision makes it susceptible to misuse and subject to constitutional challenges. Further still, the Bill fails to address key issues and contradictions that have arisen such as, death penalty for repeat offenders, immunity for treatment seeking, regulation of treatment centres, support for harm reduction measures and access to opioid medicines. Read more. The Lawyers Collective expressed these and other concerns to the Standing Committee on Finance through written and oral submissions on the NDPS (Amendment) Bill, 2011 My request to all the people is to be safe and to be alert and not involve in wrong activities.
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What is the basic difference between different genres of music? (jazz, rock, pop, blues, rap and so on)
Thanks for the A2A.Jim Davis's answer to What are the differences between different music genres?Jim Davis's answer to Which music is the best?…and so my answer doesn’t get flagged for brevity:(alphabetically by genre/sub-genre; and no, not “every” genre is included. That would be physically impossible. This is closer to about 10% of all genres/sub-genres. You’re welcome.)Blues:Blues Rock; Similar to Electric Blues, but sometimes acoustic. Blues Rock can be played without having the power turned on. And it rocks. - Stoneground, Tommy Castro Band, Tom Waits, Jeff Healey, Chris Whitley, Paul Butterfield Blues BandChicago Blues; Sort of an urban blues using more piano and saxophone. These guys are quite often named Willie or "Big" something if not some kind of dog. Popular in Louisiana, strangely enough. - Willie Clarke, Willie Dixon, Willie Kent, Willie Murphy, Willie Nix, Big Bill Broonzy, Big Joe Turner, Big John Wrencher, Big Moose, Golden "Big" Wheeler, Eddie Shaw & The Wolf Gang, Hound Dog Taylor, Howlin' WolfDelta Blues; One of the earliest blues styles. The roots of the African-American styles honed in the Delta plains of the US in the midst of harsh mistreatment and soulful survival. Mostly acoustic guitar and harmonica. Best if played on the porch of an old, broken down shack. - Muddy Waters, Robert Johnson, Keb 'Mo', Memphis Jug Band, Johnny Shines, Tommy Johnson, Frank StokesElectric Blues; Blues that's plugged in and louder. Primarily guitar-based. When the power goes out it typically becomes Blues Rock. - B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Magic Slim, Taj Mahal, John Lee Hooker, John Mayall, Charlie MusselwhiteJump Blues; Up-tempo with more swing. upright bass, piano, horns. One might jump if the mood strikes. - Magic Sam, Ruth Brown, Sugar Blue, Hal Singer, Amos Milburn, Ray Charles, Roy BrownNew Orleans Blues; More jazz and island influence. various drums and keyboard instruments. Popular in Texas, strangely enough. - Art Neville, Lloyd Price, Guitar Slim, Screamin' Jay Hawkins, T-Bone Burnett, Rockin' Sidney, Louisiana RedSt. Louis Blues; more piano based. similar to ragtime. Popular in Illinois, strangely enough. - Big Maybelle, Big Walter Horton, Roy Milton, Willie Mabon, Roosevelt Sykes, Yank Rachell, "Ma" Rainey, Percy MayfieldSwamp Blues; incorporates some Zydeco and more aggressive styles. Best when heard from the banks of a swamp and followed to an old, broken down shack. - Sonny Terry, Smiley Lewis, Luther Allison, Irma Thomas, Clifton Chenier, Doctor Ross, Bobby MarchanTexas Blues; more swing than Electric Blues, but more guitar than Jump Blues. Popular in Missouri, strangely enough. - Albert King, Lightnin' Hopkins, Tutu Jones, T-Bone Walker, Smokin' Joe Kubek, Grady Gains, Lafayette LeakeZydeco; more Creole influence. Accordion and alternative percussion instruments. You can't understand a word these guys are saying. - Al Rapone, Zydeco Boneshakers, Wayne Toups, Dr. John, The Mavericks, Buckwheat ZydecoGospel: somewhere between Blues and Country. Dominantly Christian in lyrical form. - The Staple Singers, Shirley Caesar, Mahalia Jackson, Ira Tucker & The Dixie Hummingbirds, The Golden Gate Quartet, Fisk Jubilee Singers, The Blind Boys of AlabamaCountry:Bluegrass; up-tempo roots country using fiddle, banjo, jug, washtub bass. Should wear one-strap overalls and/or chew on a wheat stalk whilst playing. - Bill Monroe, Doc Watson, Laurie Lewis, The Del McCoury Band, The Cox Family, Don Reno, Carl Story, New Grass RevivalCountry Pop; pop-oriented country without the believable sadness. Mostly fifth and sixth generation Country for the sake of making money. - Carrie Underwood, Faith Hill, Lonestar, Pam Tillis, Juice Newton, Dixie Chicks, Martina McBrideHonky Tonk; up-tempo like Bluegrass, but more party-oriented and public. Drunken out-of-tune pianos and bar fights abound. Mostly second generation Country. - Rex Griffin, Lefty Frizzell, Hank Williams, Ernest Tubb, Jim Edward Brown, Red FoleyMountain; vocal harmonies, fast-pickin', nostalgia, and "ya gotta have a fiddle in the band". Judging by their names, they're usually related to someone if not each other. - Alabama, Oak Ridge Boys, Roy Acuff, The Forester Sisters, The Louvin Brothers, The Stanley Brothers, The Burch Sisters, The Cook Family SingersNeotraditional; the sort of "we wish we'd been alive before country was cool" artists. True to their form, but still "new". Mostly fifth generation Country. - Alan Jackson, Brad Paisley, Garth Brooks, Vince Gill, Mark ChesnuttOutlaw; the real deal. These guys invented the country themes; heartache, loss, being broke, depressed, lonely and/or in jail. Third and Fourth generation Country with no fancy band or artist names; just straight-forward actual names with lots of "N"s and "L"s. - Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Waylon Jennings, Hank Williams Jr., Charlie Daniels, David Allan Coe, Rodney Crowell, Leon RussellTraditional; the realer deal. Country for the sake of true mountain/southern expression. Hard workin' white trash sadness and hard times with an occasionally poppy feel later in the genre. Third and Fourth generation Country with lots of steel guitar twang, dobro, wailing fiddle and soft yet straight-forward 4/4 back beats that keep audiences clappin' on 1 and 3. - Loretta Lynn, Emmylou Harris, Porter Wagoner, Kenny Rogers, George Jones, Tanya Tucker, Ronnie Milsap, Dolly PartonWestern; Out on the range/prairie. Cowboy music of the American Frontier Mostly campfire sing-alongs with little to no percussion. Bouncy rhythms reminiscent of horse galloping. Mostly second generation Country and frequently named a group belonging to an individual. - Jean Shepard, Kitty Wells, Gene Autry, Tex Ritter, Skeets McDonald, Bob Wills & His Texas Playboys, Curly Williams and His Georgia Peach Pickers, Hank Penny and His Rodeo Cowboys, Leon McAuliffe and His Western Swing Band, Noel Boggs and His Day Sleepers, Tex Williams and His Western Caravan, Jack Guthrie and His Oklahomans, Milton Brown and His Brownies, Johnnie Lee Willis and His BoysElectronica:Acid Breaks; utilizes breakbeats and sampling of small rhythmic grooves to create longer song patterns. It is not a complete sentence explaining how acid reacts when dropped on the floor. - Zak Baney, DJ Icey, K-Swing, NAPT, Vigi, The Sables, Rozalla, C2CAggrotech; darker lyrics than most electronica, using high-mixed synth/saw leads and aggressive bass frequency oscillation. - Lights of Euphoria, Alien Vampires, Amduscia, Cenobita, Unter NullAmbient; emphasizes atmosphere and overall tone over song structure. Mood music.... if you're in the mood to feel ambient. - Etro Anime, Sneaker Pimps, Ceasefire, Aphex Twin, Kinobe, HalcyonColdwave; sort of industrial, electronic, punk. Angst ridden and aggressive, yet nebulous and icy in it’s emotional exposition. Often politically or socially oriented; and usually in an irreverent manner. - Artefact, Jacno, Museum of Devotion, Pavilion 7BDrone; minimalistic, repetitive, clustered patterns sustained throughout a piece with few, if any, alterations to chord/harmonic structure. Imagine a 100′ diameter, futuristic, spherical, steel eyeball floating around a city. The sound that would make? That’s drone. - Faust, Neu!, Phil Niblock, Yoshi WadaDubstep; characterized by sub-bass frequency oscillation and warbling along with broken beats, syncopation and "the drop". If you don't like it you're obviously too old. - Skrillex, Plastician, Magnetic Man, Nero, Deadmau5, SkreamElectronicore; electronic metalcore. There. make sense? A lot of sequencing, auto-tuning and screaming. Angry and “in-your-face” lyrics and breakbeats that figuratively knock your teeth out. But sometimes literally. - Abandon All Ships, Palisades, Himwaterdragon, Fall Emotions, Eskimo CallboyElectropop; Electronic music more accepted by the masses and general public. Deep, grinding electronic tones, frequencies and breakbeats coupled with more pop-friendly vocals and lyrics. Usually fronted by a female. - Elly Jackson, Ke$ha, Lady Gaga, Demi Lovato, PerfumeGrime; sort of a dirty, wet-floor, smoke-in-the-air, acrid B.O. type of Jungle or grimey-House music. Not music that might be played in a grimey house; but House music that is also grimey. - Boy Better Know, Ghetts, Kano, Newham Generals, Ruff Squad, SkeptaHouse; a style of electronic dance music that grew from disco production and reggae beats. Don't know why it's called "House". Maybe it just sounded cool. - Chemical Brothers, Daft Punk, MARRS, Sonique, Dirty VegasTechno; a form of EDM synthesizing funk, jazz, African rhythms and a general party-type atmosphere. This music is often directly from the future or outerspace. - Arab Strap, Rednex, Technotronic, LeClick, Culture Beat, RozallaTrance; repetition repetition repetition. Beats between 125 and 140 with lots of repetition. Melodic themes slowly layer and build to climaxes and then, you guessed it, repeat. - Life on Mars, Enigma, Blue States, B12, Craig Armstrong, AirTrip Hop; a more experimental style of electronic music that utilizes soul, funk, jazz, and blues forms. Sometimes danceable. Sometimes commercial. But always 100% hip-hop/ambient/soul/jazz/acid/dub/electronica. Or something... - Moby, Bossa Nostra, Fatboy Slim, Vanja Lazarova, Seph, Electric ChairsFolk:American Roots; 1800s' pre-Country acoustic. Not as upbeat as bluegrass. More akin to Mountain ballads stemming from Irish/Scottish roots in the Appalachian Mountains of the USA. - The Civil Wars, Mac Wiseman, Pete Seeger, The Wallin Family, Bass Mountain Boys, The Chuck Wagon GangFolk Pop; softer than folk rock. Folk music that people actually like while sober. - John Denver, Simon & Garfunkel, Don McLean, Leonard Cohen, Sonny and Cher, Partridge FamilyFolk Rock; slightly heavier than Folk Pop. Somewhat more instrument-based yet audience-friendly. - Dave Matthews Band, Indigo Girls, Joan Osborne, Mumford & Sons, KT Tunstall, Suzanne VegaJam; 20 minute dual guitar solos while singer stands, looking at the stage floor, head-bobbing slightly using the microphone stand to keep from falling over. Best enjoyed while under the influence of some sort of psychotropic substance. If sober, turn around and watch the crowd. Usually pretty fun shows but pretty boring albums. - The Grateful Dead, Bela Fleck & The Flecktones, Phish, Sister Hazel, The Pat McGee BandJazz:Acid Jazz; Jazz....on acid. Or with acid poured over it. I can't quite figure out which but there's definitely some form of actual acid involved and it's likely more potent than lactic or citric. Plus "acid" is a really cool word. Even cooler than "house". - Exodus Quartet; Medeski, Martin & Wood; DJ Logic, Count Basie, Quiet Boys, RadBebop; up-tempo, exemplifying instrumental mastery while not actually showing off. Lots of improvisation and elements that leant themselves eventually to the progressive rock styles; unison melodies, shrink/grow rhythm backings, solo breaks, etc. - Charlie Parker, Chet Baker, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, Bud Powell TrioBig Band; larger than a small band. Incorporating strong brass, woodwinds and dominant percussion throughout. Typically more happy and bouncy. And big. - Squirrel Nut Zippers, Glenn Miller Orchestra, Duke Ellington, Chickenhawks, Benny GoodmanJazz Funk; more of a solid back-beat groove than other jazz styles. Makes use of synthesizers and analog tone generation. More groove than pure jazz but more jazz than pure funk. - Wynton Marsalis, Grover Washington, The Whitefield Brothers, The Woo Woos, Entourage, Joe AugustineJazz Fusion; sort of Progressive Jazz. Fuses jazz with other styles like funk, R&B, rock, etc. "Fuse" is a cool jazzy sounding word. Almost as cool as "acid". - Plunge, Soulive, Tom Scott, Weather Report, Manhattan Transfer, NiacinLatin Jazz; exactly that. Utilizes latin beats and rhythms along with multiple and various percussion-centric structures. Incorporates anything from Bolero to Rhumba but doesn't quite "fuse" them.....I guess.... - Acoustic Alchemy, Gare Du Nord, Yutaka, Mas Mamones, Kim Pensyl, Al Di Meola, BrasiliaRagtime; socially and chronologically bridged the gap between classical and jazz. Strong syncopated rhythms and metric patterns pulled from African-American music from the early 20th Century. Primarily piano based. - Scott Joplin, Gene Austin, Ernest Hogan, Dorsey Brothers, Nora Bayes, Ted LewisSmooth Jazz; the music you listen to when you're winding down after a hard day of yoga classes and meditation. Relaxation akin to whale sounds and trickling rivers. - Yellowjackets, Kenny G, Where There's Smoke, J. Spencer, Ricky Ford, Dave KozSoft Jazz; see Smooth Jazz, but softer. Imagine winding down after a day of winding down after a day of yoga classes and...... you get the picture. - Mark Baldwin, Victor Goines, Ziggy Elfman, Eric Darken, Pat Coil, Phil WoodsTraditional Jazz; music for music's sake. The guys who originally broke the rules and continue to do so. They even broke the rules of jazz itself with their category name; since "Traditional Jazz" is itself oxymoronic. - Dave Brubeck, Lord Buckley, Diana Krall, Al Jolson, Elmer Bernstein, Chick WebbVocal Jazz; not all scat and beedoppadoops. The voice as an instrument. Focus on virtuosity of the voice and expression through vocal timbre and fluidity. The best ones were female. Sorry, Louis. - Nina Simone, Etta James, Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday, Ethel Waters, Nat King ColeMetal:Avant-Garde Metal; the weird crap. The stuff that people either love or hate. Typically not as talented as the Progressive guys, but less heavy and hardcore than the pure metal guys. - System of a Down, Faith No More, Buckethead, King Crimson, Sikth, IntronautClassic Metal; where it all started. The first down-tuned, high-action riffs building from the oppressive industrial age in mid-century Great Britain. And the need to kick ass following all that rockabilly crap. - Scorpions, Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, Iron Maiden, Dio, Rainbow, Iron Butterfly, MotörheadDark Metal: including…Black Metal; similar to death metal, but slightly more atmospheric and extreme. These guys wear skull face-paint and dress like dead demons and other scary stuff. Lo-fi recordings with tremolo guitar and screeching, wailing vocals atop fast tempos/beats and low, thrumming bass. -Aurora Borealis, Behemoth, Setherial, Satanic Slaughter, Noctuary, Watain, Ethereal WoodsDeath Metal; metal about death. Or metal that sounds like it's dying or killing. Lots of blast beats and atonalities. Fast double-bass drums and down-tuned guitars. Screaming and growling. These guys don't play too many Bar Mitzvahs. - Napalm Death, Abysmal Dawn, Mortification, Dethklok, Fleshgore, Beneath the MassacreDoom Metal; like death metal but more ominous using slower tempos and more atmospheric tones. Lyrics are typically depressing and morose and will leave you wanting to kill others; including yourself. - Thergothon, Orodruin, The Hidden Hand, Mindrot, The Obsessed, Unholy, Witchfinder GeneralGoth Metal; somewhat of a horror theme pervades this category. Often times skull makeup or zombie/vampire/werewolf themes will be prevalent. Names often include prepositions. - In This Moment, Cradle of Filth, Within Temptation, Theatre of Tragedy, Cadaveria, AgathodaimonSludge Metal; usually has a somewhat dirtier, grimier feel to it. Slower deep-tuned crunchy riffs and distortion. Sometimes screaming and growling mixed with somewhat southern rock feeling styles. Themes include pessimism, hopelessness, anger. - Black Label Society, Rollins Band, Mastodon, Corrosion of Conformity, Haste, Soilent Green, EyehategodEmo Metal; usually pretty heavy and angst-ridden, but with some clear-voice singing and wailing throughout. Not all screams and growls like Metalcore; and sometimes no screaming or growling at all. Just sort of, “Life is tough and I’m gonna bitch about it” music - but good. -Anberlin, Good Charlotte, Motionless in White, My Chemical Romance, SkilletFusion Metal: including…Folk Metal: including…Celtic Metal; reminiscent of ancient Celtic/Irish battle music. Heavy and grinding, but with an air of ambient atmosphere and possibly pan flutes. Yes definitely pan flutes. One must paint one’s face blue and wear a loin cloth to fully appreciate this genre. - Agalloch, Cruachan, Finntroll, Eluveitie, Mael Mórdha, Geasa, SuidrakaGypsy Metal; crunchy, heavy guitars with fiddles and percussion instruments that might be found hanging in the fortune teller’s wagon of a traveling circus. Some themes get pretty heavy and mythological and really make little sense. But hey…it’s Metal. - Inspirit, Kultur Shock, Stella Arja, Tribe of Gypsies, The Crooked Fiddle BandMedieval Metal; similar to Doom Metal in that the mood is more somber and morose and oppressive. Imagine metal that’s been living in a dungeon for 650 years and has just now stepped out into the sun. Yeah. That. - Heimataerde, In Extremo, Letzte Instanz, Morgenstern, Saltatio Mortis, SkycladPagan Metal; Metal that stays true to the original pagan/wiccan image. Metal that rails against organized religion; especially monotheism. Metal that revels in worldly idolatry and basks in the indulgence of the physical. Lots of symbolism and iconography used on album covers. - Arkona, Asmergin, Finsterforst, Korpiklaani, Obtest, MoonsorrowPirate Metal; exactly what it sounds like. Swashbuckling, rum-guzzling, peg-legged, patch-eyed, hook-armed, parrot-perched ne’er-do-wells prowling the waters in wooden ships carrying gold, gems and ghosts of the sea. At least that’s what they sing about. I think in real life they’re just normal people who drive cars and pay taxes like the rest of us. - Alestorm, Blaxon Stone, Cat O’ Nine Tails, Iron Seawolf, Red Rum, Silverbones, SwashbuckleViking Metal; metal having to do with Vikings (mostly lyrically) and their respective culture. Many reminders that Vikings are likely the most "metal" culture in the history of the world. - Mortiis, Heidevolk, Hel, Turisas, Wolfchant, Grand Magus, BorknagarFunk Metal; relatively self-explanatory. Metal, with some funk. Or funk with a heavier vibe. Heavy crunchy; yet funky and danceable; grooves. slap-bass and wah-wah guitar often rear their heads. Tightly tuned snare drums and snappy bass drums with a lot of emphasis on the hi-hat; usually. -Infectious Grooves, Living Colour, Mordred, Primus, Fishbone, Mind FunkJazz Metal; metal with an air of pretense. Not as esoteric as Avant-Garde Metal and more artsy than Funk Metal. Elements of Jazz like improvisation and off-kilter chord structures prevail. -Conflux, Gru, Sithu Aye, Shining, Naked CityNeoclassical Metal; these guys would be composing for their respective local monarchs had they lived 200 years ago. This is metal with classical tendencies, but not necessarily classical instrumentation. Mostly guitar virtuosi hang out here. Their bands are typically comprised of musical over-achievers who don’t quite have what it takes to be fully progressive. -Yngwie Malmsteen, Vinnie Moore, Timmo Tolkki, Joshua Perahia, Marty FriedmanRap Metal; Pretty self-explanatory. Combines rap and metal. - Linkin Park, P.O.D., Kid Rock, Rage Against The Machine, Papa Roach, Crazy Town, Limp BizkitSymphonic Metal; - again, pretty self-explanatory. Metal guys don't like to waste time with esoteric nomenclature like "Trip Hop" or "Bluegrass". - After Forever, Dimmu Borgir, Blind Guardian, Nightwish, Seraphim, Interfector, AyreonGlam Metal; including…Hair Metal; all about glitz and glamour. Make-up, hair-spray, tight red leather pants and ripped-off blues riffs. I love it. So do you. Many names include animals or a reference to something white. Or both. - Whitesnake, White Lion, Great White, Ratt, Def Leppard, Zebra, Bon Jovi, Firehouse, PoisonSleaze Metal; akin to Hair Metal, but with more grime. More about sex and drugs in the deviant and slimy way. Not really about partying, but about the actual sex and drugs. More leather and fringe than hairspray and makeup. Though you will find some hairspray. And makeup. -Billy Idol, Guns ’n’ Roses, Skid Row, Mötley Crüe, L.A. Guns, ExtremeGroove Metal; Metal with slightly more funk than pure Metal, slightly more balls than Jazz Metal and slightly more balls than pure Funk Metal. Imagine Funk Metal more laid back and less aggressive. Like….if Motown made Metal. Channel Zero, Soulfly, Tad, Fight, DevilDriver, Byzantine, Bleed From WithinIndustrial Metal; more digital sound than raw analog metal. Sometimes just one or two guys doing it all. Can become over-commercialized due to its attainability by the masses. - Rob Zombie, Front Line Assembly, God Lives Underwater, Skinny Puppy, NIN, Filter, The Union UndergroundMetalcore; growling, screaming and yelling. Angry people reside here; somewhere between extreme metal and hardcore punk. Hey wait.....Metalpunk? no....Extrard? no.....Punkstreme? no. Metalcore! There. That works. - SOiL, Drowning Pool, Biohazard, The Agonist, Trivium, HelmetNu Metal; guys who use digital production techniques and a more refined sound. Good hardcore stuff, but not raw and dirty. Often have numbers or present tense verbs/gerunds in their names. - 10 Years, 3 Days Grace, 30 Seconds To Mars, Breaking Benjamin, Dropping Daylight, Shinedown, Sevendust, Finger Eleven, KoЯnPower Metal; metal that combines the powerful elements of classic metal, speed metal and a bit of symphonic metal for added drama. These guys are in your face but not in a Death/Doom/Black Metal way. There’s more life and less death here. Not always happy, but driven and motivational. -Alestorm, Powerwolf, Metal Church, Iced Earth, Kamelot, HelloweenProgressive Metal; including…Classical Prog; Heavy, yet classical virtuosity runs rampant. Complex orchestrations and thematic derivatives abound. Their album covers are usually pretty Dungeons & Dragons-esque. - Adagio, Blind Guardian, Symphony X, Triumph, The Devin Townsend ProjectDjent; pretty much onomatopoeiaic. Those crunchy guitar sounds that are mimicked by Metalheads using their voices to project “DJENT DJENT DJENT DJENT….” as they mouth along with the kickass guitar riffs. - Animals As Leaders, Meshuggah, Mnemic, Periphery, Sikth, TesseracTMathcore; the guys who are more into technique than groove. Music that exhibits what a theoretical physicist’s chalkboard might sound like if transferred to aural perception. - Benea signNow, Botch, Daughters, Ion Dissonance, Psyopus, Spiral ArchitectMelodic Prog; the guys who are more about melody and tonality than about technical virtuosity. Don’t get me wrong, they’re still damn good, but they produce more memorable and catchy tunes than some other Progressive groups. - Crimson Glory, A Perfect Circle, Tool, Queensrÿche, Rhapsody of Fire, Shadow GalleryOmni Prog; the guys who can do it all. Classical, Rock, Jazz, Funk, Groove, Technique, Passion, Virtuosity, Acoustic, Electric, Slow, Fast, Flamenco, Baroque, etc. Pretty much the embodiment of “Musicians’ Bands”. - Dream Theater, Fates Warning, King’s X, Pain of Salvation, Liquid Tension Experiment, PlatypusPower Prog; virtuosity tempered with sheer power. Hard-driving beats and riffs with high-volume, in-your-face ass-kicking. - Adrenaline Mob, Frameshift, Nevermore, Orden Ogan, Ne Obliviscaris, Seventh WonderTechnical Death Metal; similar to the Mathcore guys but heavier. That’s about it. There are lots of prime numbered time signatures in this genre. - Cynic, Green Carnation, Obscura, Odious Mortem, PsycropticPunk: including…Garage Punk; early sixties punk that was raw, lo-fi, scratchy, distorted and fuzzy. Simple chords (I mean…it IS Punk…) and even simpler lyrics. - Black Lips, The Hives, The Humpers, The Mummies, TeengenerateGlam Punk; Punk railing against the status quo with high shock value. Makeup and crazy hair and facial prosthetics abound. - Cherry Vanilla, Flash Bastard, The Hot Dogs, New York Dolls, Shady Lady, Sick Six CrushHardcore; faster, more aggressive Punk. Same simple chords and song themes, but played faster and with more aggression. Usually very fast and/or aggressive. Basically…fast and aggressive Punk. With lyrical themes occasionally treated a bit more seriously for the sake of actual social commentary. - Bad Religion, Black flag, Fugazi, Sworn Enemy, Raised Fist, Social DistortionOi!; the UK scene that tried to bring Punk back to its roots and steal it back from all the spoiled, rich-kid wannabes that had started to become “punkers”. Music is raw, unproduced, natural; yet maintains an honesty that’s rare in a lot of musical styles. - Last Resort, Peter and the Test Tube Babies, Public Enemy, Street Dogs, SuperYob, Toy DollsPop Punk; music by and for the spoiled, rich-kid wannabes that had started to become “punkers”. Punk in the mainstream. The use of Punk stylings and techniques for the sake of selling albums and making money and becoming famous and rich. - American Hi-Fi, The Ataris, Green Day, OffspringPost-Punk; the evolution of Punk into a more personally stylistic and individually nuanced style. More experiementation and removal from the classic Punk traditions created a sort of Avant-Garde Punk movement which culminated in Post-Punk. - 23 Skidoo, Au Pairs, Bauhaus, Big Black, The Chills, The Cult, The StranglersProto-Punk; the ones who started it all. The original punks. The artists who originally went against the grain of the conventional Rock or Pop of their day to create what would become the Punk movement. - Iggy & The Stooges, MC5, NEU!, The Patti Smith Group, The Sonics, TelevisionPunk Rock; those groups that don’t really fit into any subgenre of Punk and just encapsulate what the common culture knows as “Punk”. - The Clash, The Jam, The Ramones, Sex Pistols, Sprung MonkeySpeed Metal; exactly that. Speed. Even the band names are so fast they only use one word. - Helloween, Overkill, Impellitteri, Cranium, Atomkraft, Annihilator, Sodom, Kreator, GravediggerThrash Metal; the guys you likely know best. The original Bay-Area metalheads themselves. - Metallica, Megadeth, Anthrax, Sepultura, Pantera, Slayer, Metal Church, Exodus, TestamentOrchestral:Broadway; the music that's played during those plays on Broadway in NYC. - Les Miserables, Phantom of the Opera, Miss Saigon, Jesus Christ SuperstarClassical; the dominant Western music from 1750 to 1830. - (composers) Antonin Dvořák, Claude Debussy, Franz Schubert, Hector Berlioz, Ludwig Van Beethoven, Wolfgang Mozart, Frédéric Chopin - (performers) Yo-Yo Ma, Mike Wollenberg, Lang Lang, Andre Rieu, The London Philharmonic, Woody PhillipsMovie Scores; the music that's played during those movies you watch sometimes. Either in NYC or elsewhere. - Alan Silvestri (Back to the Future, Forrest Gump); Danny Elfman (Batman, Beetlejuice, Pee-Wee's Big Adventure); James Horner (Titanic, Braveheart); John Williams (Star Wars, Indiana Jones, E.T., Jaws, Jurassic Park, Superman); Hans Zimmer (Gladiator, The Rock); Harold Faltermeyer (Beverly Hills Cop, Fletch, Top Gun)New Age; the music you listen to during your hard day of yoga classes and meditation. - Andreas Wollenweider, Jordan Rudess, Turin Brakes, Yanni, Gordon HemptonVocal; the vocal instrument applied to the rigors of Classical instrumentation - Andrea Bocelli, Josh Groban, Sarah Brightman, Luciano Pavarotti, Il Divo, Brooklyn Tabernacle ChoirPop:Adult Contemporary; a fancy name for the lame music your parents probably listened to. Mostly maudlin tunes about the lives and thoughts of privileged, white, middle-aged hipsters. - Anne Murray, Barry Manilow, Wilson Phillips, Neil Diamond, Carly SimonBeat Pop; the British invasion of back-beat driven pop icons of the late 50s and early 60s. Most bands are "The" something. - The Beatles, The Lovin' Spoonful, The Kingsmen, The Turtles, The Byrds, The Cuff Links, The Hollies, The Newbeats, The Left Banke, The Zombies, Gunhill RoadDance Pop; the popular music to dance to. Not as counter-culture as EDM, but slightly heavier than Bubble Gum Pop; which I didn't list as a category. - Bananarama, Billy Ocean, Katy Perry, Lady Gaga, Debbie Gibson, EMF, Will to Power, TiffanyDisco; formed from funk, psychedelic and soul; this style rebelled against the rock music of the day in a more visceral, primal way. All about body movement, dancing and the human spectacle, it stole colorful clothing and drugs from the Hippies, up-beat driven rhythms from the Beatniks and combined them in a sexy, seductive libido-based production praising dance and expressive human life. It is currently "dead". - ABBA, The Bee Gees, The Village People, KC & The Sunshine Band, Gloria Gaynor, Lipps Inc.Doo Wop; yet another mainstream derivative of African-American music, doo wop uses more nonsensical phrases and sounds to emphasize harmony and melody over lyrical substance. These names also are often "The" something. - The Dominoes, The Platters, The Tune-Weavers, The Casinos, The Dreamlovers, The Passions, The Penguins, The Rivieras, The Esquires, Bob & Earl.Indie Pop; somewhat contradictory, the emphasis on self-reliance and the whole DIY perspective is exploited to assure popularity and mainstream success. But somehow it works. - The Ting Tings, Fine Young Cannibals, Nil Lara, Karry Walker, Sundays, Hang UpsLatin Pop; exactly that. Pop with better beats and more complex rhythms that actually force you to dance even if you are unwilling. - Ricky Martin, Enrique Iglesias, Pit Bull, Shakira, Miami Sound Machine, Lou BegaPop Rock; slightly edgier pop. Or slightly more commercialized rock. Take your pick. - Fiona Apple, Jewel, Avril Lavigne, Natalie Imbruglia, Eric Carmen, Maroon 5Power Pop; high production music for the sake of performance. - Journey, Rick Springfield, Survivor, Duran Duran, Huey Lewis & The News, Go-Gos, Cutting Crew, The B52sSurf Pop; the music you listen to while watching people surf. Somehow this style became separate from other closely related similar styles and is audibly evident in every group it houses. - The Ventures, The Beach Boys, The Surfaris, Jan and Dean, The Rip-Chords, Dick DaleSynthpop; like power pop, but with the emphasis on synthesizers. - Tears For Fears, OMD, Herbie Hancock, When In Rome, Falco, Dead or Alive, Thomas DolbyTraditional Pop; the crooners. The original pop vocalists whose reputations continue to dazzle and impress. The Rat Pack. The Vegas Lounge Lizards. No, those aren't band names. - Perry Como, Wayne Newton, Tom Jones, Bobby Vinton, Frank Sinatra, Mel TormeR&B:Alternative Hip Hop; Hip Hop that doesn't quite fit the mold of standard R&B. Somewhat left of center and progressive by R&B standards. - Outkast, Black Eyed Peas, Jurassic 5, Wu-Tang Clan, Jadakiss, N.E.R.D., Insane Clown PosseFunk; emphasis on rhythm and groove rather than melody and harmony. Chords aren't as important as the bass line underneath them or the drum beat behind them. - The Brothers Johnson, Commodores, Kool & The Gang, George Clinton & the P-Funk All Stars, Curtis MayfieldNeo Soul; Soul, but newer. Neo is just a cool word for "new". Though not as cool as "acid". OOH!!! Acid Soul! Is that a genre?! If it isn't then it should be. - Jamiroquai, Amy Winehouse, Beyonce, Bruno Mars, Christina Aguilera, Terence Trent d'ArbyNew Jack Swing; "Neo Jack Swing" would sound pretentious and the R&B genre is anything but pretentious. And "Acid Jack Swing" would sound like drug or sex slang. These guys combined Urban Contemporary beats and Dance Pop composition to create a very catchy sound that showcased a lot of soulful melodies and harmonies. This was "The bomb" in the late '80s and early '90s. - Boyz II Men, Bel Biv DeVoe, En Vogue, DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, New Edition, Kid 'n' Play, MC Hammer, Paula AbdulRap; talking. mostly. Though talking very well and rhyming with complex rhythms and rhyme schemes on top of looped beats and melody lines. - Eminem, Cypress Hill, Timbaland, Snoop Dogg, Grandmaster Flash, Digital Underground, Ludacris, Beastie BoysSoul; the s%*t that makes you wanna f%*k. - Teddy Pendergrass, The Righteous Brothers, Lionel Richie, Aaron Neville, Hall & Oates, Luther Vandross, John LegendUrban Contemporary; a combination of EDM, Reggae, Dance Pop, Soul and Rap that creates a very broad range of styles and expressions. - Usher, Nikki Minaj, Justin Timberlake, Missy Elliott, Trey Songz, Rihanna, Ne-Yo, Flo-Rida, DrakeReggae:Dancehall; Jamaican pop that strips down Reggae to the most crucial dance vibes necessary, though it added more digital instrumentation and faster rhythms. - Leonard Dillon, Toots Hibbert, Wailing Souls, Ebony Steelband, Aswad, Big MountainDub; mostly instrumental remixes of existing Reggae recordings. - Third World, Black Uhuru, Yellowman, Sly & Robbie, Freddie McGregorRagga; primarily electronic Reggae. Slower and more laid back than Dancehall, but more produced and digitized than Roots. - Steel Pulse, Trinidad Steel Drum Band, Inner Circle, Desmond Williams, Lasana Bandelé, Joe HiggsRoots; spiritual Rastafarian expression of life and experiences. Primal, raw and unmistakably catchy. - Bob Marley & The Wailers, Greyhound, Dhaima, Crucial Vibes, Kojak & Liza, Shorty the PresidentRock:Alternative; not quite squeezed into the "Rock" definition, but not quite squeezed out of it either. - Soul Asylum, U2, The Wallflowers, Jesus Jones, Beck, Toad the Wet SprocketAmericana; the music about the working class. The hopes and dreams of the free American people. Driving rock that you can hear in bars and stadiums alike. - Bruce Springsteen, Bryan Adams, The Traveling Wilburys, John Mellencamp, Tom Petty, John FogertyClassic Rock; the original rockers. If you haven't heard of these guys you haven't heard of Rock. - Led Zeppelin, The Who, Steve Miller Band, Queen, Eagles, Fleetwood Mac, The Rolling Stones, The TroggsCollege Rock; rock for the sake of getting laid in college. These guys pandered to the more sensitive female audience, thereby creating the necessity for the male audience to like them as well. Typically pretty stupid and nonsensical sounding names. - Vertical Horizon, Iffy, Counting Crows, Hoobastank, Goo Goo Dolls, Fastball, Dishwalla, Hootie & The Blowfish, Matchbox 20, Emmet SwimmingDark Wave; slightly more despondent and depressed. More morose and well......dark. - The Church, The Cure, Blue October, Depeche Mode, The Stone Roses, Joy DivisionFunk Rock; pretty self-explanatory. - Primus, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Spin Doctors, 311, Mother's Finest, Tina & The B-side MovementGrunge; these guys killed Glam Metal. But it was already beginning to show signs of weakness.
This music stripped away all image and pretense and left us with guys who were just good enough at their instrument to still allow every high-school boy in America to be able to play along...... to all their pretty songs......and shoot his gun. - Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, Alice In Chains, Garbage, L7, Mudhoney, Stone Temple Pilots, Local H, Love Battery, The MelvinsHard Rock; not Classic. But not Soft. Or Grungy. Just hard. Though not as hard as Metal. So maybe really hard wood or stone. Yeah that's it. Hard Rock. - Velvet Revolver, Audioslave, Midnight Oil, Pat Benatar, Billy Squier, Drivin' 'N' Cryin', LoverboyIndie Rock; rock that does it's own thing despite what the industry tells it to do. - R.E.M., Florence + The Machine, Monks Of Doom, The Connells, Cake, Juliette & The Licks, They Might Be GiantsNew Wave; more frenetic and impulsive than former rock, disco and punk. More guitar licks and rhythms that didn't just sit you down and leave you there. Somewhat electronic and experimental. Some might say, "new". - INXS, The Police, Crowded House, Spandau Ballet, Oingo Boingo, Shiny Toy Guns, Corey HartPost-Grunge; came after grunge, and was slightly more produced than grunge, but still held on to some of that Grunge angst that made it so successful. - Stone Sour, Ugly Kid Joe, Hinder, Collective Soul, Nickelback, Flyleaf, Candlebox, GodsmackProgressive Rock: including…1970s; Progressive Rock artists of the 1970s. Pretty self-explanatory. These guys were near the birth of what is known as Progressive Rock. Some of the earliest pioneers and trailblazers of the genre.- Deep Purple, Emerson Lake & Palmer, Rush, Kansas, Jethro Tull, Frank Zappa, GenesisArt Rock; Slightly skewed but still rock. More experimental and “out there”. Costumes are common. As is make-up and characterization. -David Bowie, Peter Gabriel, David Byrne, Velvet Underground, Radiohead, Incubus, Talking HeadsCanterbury Scene; named after a bunch of improvisational dudes from Canterbury got someone’s attention. These guys shifted into and out of each other’s bands all the time. Constantly changing and altering their lineups. - Caravan, Short Wave, Supersister, In Cahoots, Gong, Egg, GilgameshPost-Progressive; the spawn of and next generation following 1970s Progressive Rock. These guys adapted to the current zeitgeist and pushed the boundaries even more than their predecessors. I mean….that IS the definition of Progressive. - Attention Deficit, Bozzio Levin Stevens, Somnambulist, Transatlantic, Dali’s Dilemma, Chroma Key, BravePsychedelic Rock (Acid Rock); quirky, drugged-out hysterical nonsense rock with a lot of outward expression against normalcy. Fun shows that led to a lot of deaths; by drug and alcohol consumption; and pregnancies......by drug and alcohol consumption. - Big Brother & The Holding Company, The Doors, Quicksilver Messenger Service, Moody Blues, Sopwith Camel, Vanilla Fudge, DonovanRIO (Rock In Opposition); akin to the Canterbury guys I mentioned earlier, these Progressive musicians got pissed that no one was recognizing their talent and banded together against the music industry itself. Surprise: they still didn’t get very popular. - Aksak Maboul, Etron Fou Lelouban, Henry Cow, Art Bears, Stormy Six, Art ZoydPunk; the rebels who hated society and weren't afraid to let it be known. They'd bleed on stage, rip off their clothes and surf the crowd naked, dump buckets of sweat and other bodily fluids on the crowd while screaming and railing against authority and tradition. Oh and they sometimes held instruments too. - Sex Pistols, Bad Religion, Ramones, Iggy & The Stooges, The Clash, American Hi-FiRockabilly; what some call the original Rock & Roll. A combination of hillbilly and rock containing a western swing and a bouncing party vibe. With elements of piano-based Jump Blues and electric boogie woogie, it made it's mark on the music scene indelibly. Almost everyone's named contained a "Y". - Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Buddy Holly, Tommy Sands, Johnny Rivers, Jerry Lee Lewis, Freddy Cannon, Chubby Checker, Little RichardSka; rock with horns. This provided all those high school kids who chose to play brass in the school band a way to be cool... For about 18 months in the late '90s. - No Doubt, Fighting Gravity, Dispatch, Blue Meanies, Toots & The Maytals, Jack FridaySoft Rock; the rock you listen to on the radio when driving to your yoga or meditation class. - Traffic, Glenn Frey, Linda Ronstadt, Don Henley, Kim Carnes, Gerry RaffertySouthern Rock; rock from the south. Lots of twang and rough gravelly vocals mixed with two-step rhythms that keep audiences head-bobbin' and wavin' confederate flags. When "Free Bird" is yelled at one of these shows, it will be played. - Lynyrd Skynyrd, 38 Special, Blackfoot, Pride & Glory, Molly Hatchet, The Georgia SatellitesWorld: (please forgive my American/Euro-Centric categorizations. And please don't be offended if I've misplaced something that you feel should go elsewhere; in all the previous categories or in the following geographic generalizations. These are mostly all regional folk or traditional music of general locations named accordingly, and just those that I am familiar with and like. I know full well that many and various styles and cultures exist within the overall regions I’ve specified here.)African - Zap Mama, Zwabesho Sibisi, Eleja Choir, Turtle Island String Quartet, Habib Koité and Bamada, Coco LeeMiddle Eastern - Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan; Kaila Flexer; Ilhan Ersahin; Ighigou Haile; S-Tone, Inc.Asian - Liu Huan, Yungchen Lhamo, Itsuki No Komoriuta, Bhoora Singh and Party, Hoang Vuy, Imperial Household OrchestraEastern European - Goralska Orkestra, Stephanya G. Penchevya, Nikollë Nikprelaj, Raderman Beckerman Orchestra, Efta Botoca, Petrică PaşcaIrish/Celtic/Gaelic - Loreena McKennitt, Michael O'Suilleabhain, The Pogues, Enya, The Chieftains, The Tannahill Weavers, WolfstoneIsland - Sean Na'auao, Les Tamaru, Israel Kamakawiwo'ole, Andi Thakambau, Lord Composer, Kealoha KonoLatin/Hispanic - Ruben Blades, Tu Abandono, Adam Del Monte, Brian Keane, Elvis Crespo, Los UmbrellosMediterranean - Triki Triki, Stellákis Perpiniádhis, La Nina Del Los Peines, Márkos Vamvakáris, Effisio Melis, Marika KanaropoulouScandinavian - Värttinä, Hållbus Totte Mattson, Arto Järvelä, Gjallarhorn, Angelit, Annbjørg Lien, Sari Kaasinen...and that's all I can think of off the top of my head. -
What are some must have Android apps?
Edit: I wrote this answer for “must have Android apps” but these are same apps which have changed the way I used to live my life. Each and every App has helped me in one or the other way. I hope you will also find them helpful and a bit life changing. So here is the list: 10. Psiphon For those who use WiFi with proxy settings. So Psiphon bypasses and tunnel the websites or app through a different IP Address. 9. Mirror It's a simple app to record your mobile screen. Based on the concept of CamStudio in PC where you can record your screen, Mirror offers recording of your Mobile screen. 8. NTES- National Train Enquiry System If you are from India and you want to know the running status, cancelled train (partial or fully), Live Station and other features, this App is a must have. 7. VOLT Simple but effective for those who want to learn new vocabulary. That's too obvious, then why not others? Coz here you get the “memory key” which helps you relate the words and easier to remember them. 6. Parchi It a note making app. But here’s a catch. You can view, review, edit and add right from your lockscreen without need to open the app. Isn't that amazing! I personally find this app very useful. 5. edX If you are student or a learner who wants learn something new everyday, and cannot afford to go in the prestigious institutions like MIT, Harvard University, Cambridge, IITM, etc ten it is a must have app. Enroll yourself in any course and Bazinga!! You are ready to learn from the most amazing professors. Similar to edX, we have Coursera. 4. Walnut Manage your expenses on your finger tips. Its easier then that. It shows you your monthly expenditure, ATM locations, bill remainders and many more features. Its a must have app. 3. CamScanner Everyone doesn’t own a scanner but most of us have camera. So click the pic, upload to CamScanner and voila you are done. You have the scanned copy of your documents, notes, Marksheet and upload them on your DigiLocker. 2. inshorts Till now you all must be knowing this app. The tagline is also simple “News in 60 words” and trust me it is worth having. In this “I don't have time” world, you need news to be fast and accurate so here it is. 1. DigiLocker If you have this app then you don’t need to carry your personal documents like driving license, Adhar card, voter ID card, or even your Marksheets. Keep them safe in actual locker and leave the rest to your DigiLocker. And the best part is that it is acceptable as the original ones at every governmental or non governmental institution because it is developed under Digital India initiative. That's it for the day. Thank you and Enjoy !!! Update 1: Today I came across two new apps which I found useful. Hope it would help you all. 1.Forest : Stay focused Features • A self-motivated and interesting way to help you beat phone addiction • Stay focused and get more things done • Share your forest and compete with friends • Track your history in a simple and pleasant way • Earn reward and unlock more tree species • Customize your whitelist : Leaving Forest and using apps in whitelist won’t kill your tree. 2. Swachh Bharat Toilet Locator Swachh Bharat Toilet Locator is specifically useful for Indians who're committed for Swachh Bharat. Update 2: So I am back with yet another interesting app for you all. And trust me it is worth hanving. You are bored just go through it and kaboooom !!! You are into a black hole. Enjoy the ride. 3. Curiosity It is the latest app I installed but got addicted to it. It’s exactly works like its name, generates a curiosity which inturn increases your knowledge. It covers a large field of scope from Humanity to science to faith and many more. This app deserves more snapshots but why to increase the length of my answer. Comment below if you think the list should be updated? Thank you.
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Have you ever had your blog content stolen?
Sadly, the internet is rampant with clicky-fingered bloggers and writers ready to cut and paste content from your website on to their own without permission. Luckily, if you find your content has been posted online without your permission, there are ways to deal with the theft (and it is not my bruiser cousin Michael Corleone). Here’s an abbreviated version of an article posted on my blog Sidebar Saturdays outlining what can be done. The Case Of The Stolen ContentFirst, determine if the unauthorized use is considered “Fair Use” under the copyright laws. The copyright laws permit use of your copyrighted work without permission for things like criticism, commentary, news reporting, educational, and research purposes. If you want to learn more about fair use, see this article on PhotoAttorney.If you believe the use of your work is not considered “fair use,” then begin the process of having the infringing content removed.1. Send a cease-and-desist emailBefore you go all formal-copyright-ballistic on the person who has copied your content, send them a please-remove-my-content email first. Simply state in the email you are the copyright holder of the content in question and have not given them permission to use it. Provide a link to your content that has been stolen, the date it was published, and why you are the copyright owner (author, work-for-hire, etc). Then give a time frame by which the stolen content should be removed from their site or you will file a formal complaint (24-48 hours is usually enough time). The tone should be polite, direct, and business-like (without blustery). This process usually works (often without a reply).2. Send a takedown complaintIf a polite email gets you zippo traction, the next option is to take advantage of The Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The DMCA is a law that, among other things, extends the copyright laws and penalties to digital media and the internet. These provisions provide a process for the removal of infringing content, what most call “takedown notice” procedures.First, file a complaint (the “takedown notice”) with the service hosting the website with the infringing content. The complaint is a nicely worded request to the hosting service to remove the unlawfully copied content from the website in question. In addition, you can also send the notice to search engines like Google and Yahoo. Website hosting services and internet search engines have policies that outline the removal of copied content. It is a requirement per the DMCA if they want to avail themselves of the “Safe Harbor” protection (see below). Here are two examples of policies for legal removal requests: one for Google, and the other WordPress.If the website host has no takedown notice form to fill out, use one of these sample takedown notices: IPWatchdog, The Electronic Publishing Industry Coalition, or Innovation-To-Profits.These forms or letters are simple to fill out or write, and contain the following information:1. Description of your copyrighted work being infringed and where it is located (website URL);2. Identification of the infringing content and where it is located (website URL);3. Your contact information — name, address, telephone, email address;4. A statement that the copyright owner (you, or the agent authorized on your behalf) did not authorize the infringing use;5. A statement the information in the takedown notice is accurate; and6. A signature of the copyright owner or person authorized to act on the owner’s behalf.Once the hosting service has been properly notified via a complaint, they have two choices.1. Technically, the service provider is infringing the copyright laws by hosting a website with pilfered content. But the DMCA provisions provide them with immunity from copyright infringement lawsuits, something called “Safe Harbor” under the copyright laws, provided they take certain steps. They must take reasonable action to remedy the infringement by removing the infringing content. Failure to do this means loss of immunity. Invariably, when presented with the potential of a complex copyright lawsuit or avoiding liability, the web hosting service will almost always comply with a takedown notice demand.2. If the web-hosting service or search engine does not remove the infringing material, and instead believes the complaint was filed in error, they can respond to the complaint, refuse to remove the content, leaving you to pursue a copyright infringement action.If the material is taken down, the website host will notify the person who posted the infringing material that they have received a takedown notice. The person accused of the infringing act, can then file a counter-notice to dispute the allegations. The website host will then consider the circumstances and if the copyright owner has not initiated formal legal proceedings in ten days (which hopefully will not be needed), the website host will restore the content as required by the DMCA.One thing worth noting, if you feel you’ve received a takedown notice by someone seeking to silence critiques or other unwanted content (which does happen by overzealous free speech squelchers), dispute the notice and request the website host to repost your content.What not to do?The Shame ApproachIf you want to look petty, resort to shaming the infringer by blogging on your website or posting comments to your Facebook groups about how horrible the person is for copying your material. Shaking your internet blogging finger at the person will only inflame the situation, and may, depending on how deep you go into angry-Wolverine mode, set you up for a defamation lawsuit. (If you want to know more about defamation, see my earlier post on Sidebar Saturdays).Other things to consider?Duplication Detection SoftwareIf theft of your content happened once, it will happen again. Be proactive. Set up a search for stolen content using duplication detection software. Here are a few tools worth checking out.1. Google Alerts scans the internet for your stolen content, then notifies you. The great thing about this tool, it is free.2. There are also other sites with duplicate content detection software that are free, like SEO Review Tools, Article Checker, Duplichecker, and Plagiarisma.3. Copyscape also searches for duplicate content, but unlike Google Alerts and the others above, it requires a fee.4. Another premium services is Content Rescue.Trackback and Pingback NotificationsThese alerts do not really inform you if your content has been stolen, but they do notify you if someone is commenting on your content (trackback), or they are linking to your content (pingback) from their blog or website. Here is a brief article about the difference between the two notifications. Be aware that trackback and pingback notifications tend to be mostly spam, so moderating these notifications to look for someone who might be copying your content without your permission can be laborious and not worth your trouble.We writers work hard at creating content. No one should be allowed to take credit for our efforts and words. Unfortunately, our cut-and-paste internet world encourages content theft. Thankfully, the copyright laws provide relatively easy (but somewhat time-consuming) measures for protecting your creative content.
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Which music is the best?
EDIT: The question used to be, "What is some good music?" Hence the length of my answer. Somehow "some good" got changed to "the best" and now my answer isn't quite right for the question. Oh well. I'll leave it. Just bear that in mind. :)My favorites are progressive and symphonic metal. Dream Theater, Symphony X, After Forever, A Perfect Circle, Adagio, Evergrey, Pain of Salvation, Nightwish, Therion...But since this isn't Twitter and I'm not confined to 140 characters or fewer...Blues:Blues Rock; Similar to Electric Blues, but sometimes acoustic. Blues Rock can be played without having the power turned on. And it rocks. - Stoneground, Tommy Castro Band, Tom Waits, Jeff Healey, Chris Whitley, Paul Butterfield Blues BandChicago Blues; Sort of an urban blues using more piano and saxophone. These guys are quite often named Willie or "Big" something if not some kind of dog. Popular in Louisiana, strangely enough. - Willie Clarke, Willie Dixon, Willie Kent, Willie Murphy, Willie Nix, Big Bill Broonzy, Big Joe Turner, Big John Wrencher, Big Moose, Golden "Big" Wheeler, Eddie Shaw & The Wolf Gang, Hound Dog Taylor, Howlin' WolfDelta Blues; One of the earliest blues styles. The roots of the African-American styles honed in the Delta plains of the US in the midst of harsh mistreatment and soulful survival. Mostly acoustic guitar and harmonica. Best if played on the porch of an old, broken down shack. - Muddy Waters, Robert Johnson, Keb 'Mo', Memphis Jug Band, Johnny Shines, Tommy Johnson, Frank StokesElectric Blues; Blues that's plugged in and louder. Primarily guitar-based. When the power goes out it typically becomes Blues Rock. - B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Magic Slim, Taj Mahal, John Lee Hooker, John Mayall, Charlie MusselwhiteJump Blues; Up-tempo with more swing. upright bass, piano, horns. One might jump if the mood strikes. - Magic Sam, Ruth Brown, Sugar Blue, Hal Singer, Amos Milburn, Ray Charles, Roy BrownNew Orleans Blues; More jazz and island influence. various drums and keyboard instruments. Popular in Texas, strangely enough. - Art Neville, Lloyd Price, Guitar Slim, Screamin' Jay Hawkins, T-Bone Burnett, Rockin' Sidney, Louisiana RedSt. Louis Blues; more piano based. similar to ragtime. Popular in Illinois, strangely enough. - Big Maybelle, Big Walter Horton, Roy Milton, Willie Mabon, Roosevelt Sykes, Yank Rachell, "Ma" Rainey, Percy MayfieldSwamp Blues; incorporates some Zydeco and more aggressive styles. Best when heard from the banks of a swamp and followed to an old, broken down shack. - Sonny Terry, Smiley Lewis, Luther Allison, Irma Thomas, Clifton Chenier, Doctor Ross, Bobby MarchanTexas Blues; more swing than Electric Blues, but more guitar than Jump Blues. Popular in Missouri, strangely enough. - Albert King, Lightnin' Hopkins, Tutu Jones, T-Bone Walker, Smokin' Joe Kubek, Grady Gains, Lafayette LeakeZydeco; more Creole influence. Accordion and alternative percussion instruments. You can't understand a word these guys are saying. - Al Rapone, Zydeco Boneshakers, Wayne Toups, Dr. John, The Mavericks, Buckwheat ZydecoGospel: somewhere between Blues and Country. Dominantly Christian in lyrical form. - The Staple Singers, Shirley Caesar, Mahalia Jackson, Ira Tucker & The Dixie Hummingbirds, The Golden Gate Quartet, Fisk Jubilee Singers, The Blind Boys of AlabamaCountry:Bluegrass; up-tempo roots country using fiddle, banjo, jug, washtub bass. Should wear one-strap overalls and/or chew on a wheat stalk whilst playing. - Bill Monroe, Doc Watson, Laurie Lewis, The Del McCoury Band, The Cox Family, Don Reno, Carl Story, New Grass RevivalCountry Pop; pop-oriented country without the believable sadness. Mostly fifth and sixth generation Country for the sake of making money. - Carrie Underwood, Faith Hill, Lonestar, Pam Tillis, Juice Newton, Dixie Chicks, Martina McBrideHonky Tonk; up-tempo like Bluegrass, but more party-oriented and public. Drunken out-of-tune pianos and bar fights abound. Mostly second generation Country. - Rex Griffin, Lefty Frizzell, Hank Williams, Ernest Tubb, Jim Edward Brown, Red FoleyMountain; vocal harmonies, fast-pickin', nostalgia, and "ya gotta have a fiddle in the band". Judging by their names, they're usually related to someone if not each other. - Alabama, Oak Ridge Boys, Roy Acuff, The Forester Sisters, The Louvin Brothers, The Stanley Brothers, The Burch Sisters, The Cook Family SingersNeotraditional; the sort of "we wish we'd been alive before country was cool" artists. True to their form, but still "new". Mostly fifth generation Country. - Alan Jackson, Brad Paisley, Garth Brooks, Vince Gill, Mark ChesnuttOutlaw; the real deal. These guys invented the country themes; heartache, loss, being broke, depressed, lonely and/or in jail. Third and Fourth generation Country with no fancy band or artist names; just straight-forward actual names with lots of "N"s and "L"s. - Johnny Cash, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Waylon Jennings, Hank Williams Jr., Charlie Daniels, David Allan Coe, Rodney Crowell, Leon RussellTraditional; the realer deal. Country for the sake of true mountain/southern expression. Hard workin' white trash sadness and hard times with an occasionally poppy feel later in the genre. Third and Fourth generation Country with lots of steel guitar twang, dobro, wailing fiddle and soft yet straight-forward 4/4 back beats that keep audiences clappin' on 1 and 3. - Loretta Lynn, Emmylou Harris, Porter Wagoner, Kenny Rogers, George Jones, Tanya Tucker, Ronnie Milsap, Dolly PartonWestern; Out on the range/prairie. Cowboy music of the American Frontier Mostly campfire sing-alongs with little to no percussion. Bouncy rhythms reminiscent of horse galloping. Mostly second generation Country and frequently named a group belonging to an individual. - Jean Shepard, Kitty Wells, Gene Autry, Tex Ritter, Skeets McDonald, Bob Wills & His Texas Playboys, Curly Williams and His Georgia Peach Pickers, Hank Penny and His Rodeo Cowboys, Leon McAuliffe and His Western Swing Band, Noel Boggs and His Day Sleepers, Tex Williams and His Western Caravan, Jack Guthrie and His Oklahomans, Milton Brown and His Brownies, Johnnie Lee Willis and His BoysElectronica:Acid Breaks; utilizes breakbeats and sampling of small rhythmic grooves to create longer song patterns. It is not a complete sentence explaining how acid reacts when dropped on the floor. - Zak Baney, DJ Icey, K-Swing, NAPT, Vigi, The Sables, Rozalla, C2CAggrotech; darker lyrics than most electronica, using high-mixed synth/saw leads and aggressive bass frequency oscillation. - Lights of Euphoria, Alien Vampires, Amduscia, Cenobita, Unter NullAmbient; emphasizes atmosphere and overall tone over song structure. Mood music.... if you're in the mood to feel ambient. - Etro Anime, Sneaker Pimps, Ceasefire, Aphex Twin, Kinobe, HalcyonColdwave; sort of industrial, electronic, punk. Angst ridden and aggressive, yet nebulous and icy in it’s emotional exposition. Often politically or socially oriented; and usually in an irreverent manner. - Artefact, Jacno, Museum of Devotion, Pavilion 7BDrone; minimalistic, repetitive, clustered patterns sustained throughout a piece with few, if any, alterations to chord/harmonic structure. Imagine a 100′ diameter, futuristic, spherical, steel eyeball floating around a city. The sound that would make? That’s drone. - Faust, Neu!, Phil Niblock, Yoshi WadaDubstep; characterized by sub-bass frequency oscillation and warbling along with broken beats, syncopation and "the drop". If you don't like it you're obviously too old. - Skrillex, Plastician, Magnetic Man, Nero, Deadmau5, SkreamElectronicore; electronic metalcore. There. make sense? A lot of sequencing, auto-tuning and screaming. Angry and “in-your-face” lyrics and breakbeats that figuratively knock your teeth out. But sometimes literally. - Abandon All Ships, Palisades, Himwaterdragon, Fall Emotions, Eskimo CallboyElectropop; Electronic music more accepted by the masses and general public. Deep, grinding electronic tones, frequencies and breakbeats coupled with more pop-friendly vocals and lyrics. Usually fronted by a female. - Elly Jackson, Ke$ha, Lady Gaga, Demi Lovato, PerfumeGrime; sort of a dirty, wet-floor, smoke-in-the-air, acrid B.O. type of Jungle or grimey-House music. Not music that might be played in a grimey house; but House music that is also grimey. - Boy Better Know, Ghetts, Kano, Newham Generals, Ruff Squad, SkeptaHouse; a style of electronic dance music that grew from disco production and reggae beats. Don't know why it's called "House". Maybe it just sounded cool. - Chemical Brothers, Daft Punk, MARRS, Sonique, Dirty VegasTechno; a form of EDM synthesizing funk, jazz, African rhythms and a general party-type atmosphere. This music is often directly from the future or outerspace. - Arab Strap, Rednex, Technotronic, LeClick, Culture Beat, RozallaTrance; repetition repetition repetition. Beats between 125 and 140 with lots of repetition. Melodic themes slowly layer and build to climaxes and then, you guessed it, repeat. - Life on Mars, Enigma, Blue States, B12, Craig Armstrong, AirTrip Hop; a more experimental style of electronic music that utilizes soul, funk, jazz, and blues forms. Sometimes danceable. Sometimes commercial. But always 100% hip-hop/ambient/soul/jazz/acid/dub/electronica. Or something... - Moby, Bossa Nostra, Fatboy Slim, Vanja Lazarova, Seph, Electric ChairsFolk:American Roots; 1800s' pre-Country acoustic. Not as upbeat as bluegrass. More akin to Mountain ballads stemming from Irish/Scottish roots in the Appalachian Mountains of the USA. - The Civil Wars, Mac Wiseman, Pete Seeger, The Wallin Family, Bass Mountain Boys, The Chuck Wagon GangFolk Pop; softer than folk rock. Folk music that people actually like while sober. - John Denver, Simon & Garfunkel, Don McLean, Leonard Cohen, Sonny and Cher, Partridge FamilyFolk Rock; slightly heavier than Folk Pop. Somewhat more instrument-based yet audience-friendly. - Dave Matthews Band, Indigo Girls, Joan Osborne, Mumford & Sons, KT Tunstall, Suzanne VegaJam; 20 minute dual guitar solos while singer stands, looking at the stage floor, head-bobbing slightly using the microphone stand to keep from falling over. Best enjoyed while under the influence of some sort of psychotropic substance. If sober, turn around and watch the crowd. Usually pretty fun shows but pretty boring albums. - The Grateful Dead, Bela Fleck & The Flecktones, Phish, Sister Hazel, The Pat McGee BandJazz:Acid Jazz; Jazz....on acid. Or with acid poured over it. I can't quite figure out which but there's definitely some form of actual acid involved and it's likely more potent than lactic or citric. Plus "acid" is a really cool word. Even cooler than "house". - Exodus Quartet; Medeski, Martin & Wood; DJ Logic, Count Basie, Quiet Boys, RadBebop; up-tempo, exemplifying instrumental mastery while not actually showing off. Lots of improvisation and elements that leant themselves eventually to the progressive rock styles; unison melodies, shrink/grow rhythm backings, solo breaks, etc. - Charlie Parker, Chet Baker, Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, Bud Powell TrioBig Band; larger than a small band. Incorporating strong brass, woodwinds and dominant percussion throughout. Typically more happy and bouncy. And big. - Squirrel Nut Zippers, Glenn Miller Orchestra, Duke Ellington, Chickenhawks, Benny GoodmanJazz Funk; more of a solid back-beat groove than other jazz styles. Makes use of synthesizers and analog tone generation. More groove than pure jazz but more jazz than pure funk. - Wynton Marsalis, Grover Washington, The Whitefield Brothers, The Woo Woos, Entourage, Joe AugustineJazz Fusion; sort of Progressive Jazz. Fuses jazz with other styles like funk, R&B, rock, etc. "Fuse" is a cool jazzy sounding word. Almost as cool as "acid". - Plunge, Soulive, Tom Scott, Weather Report, Manhattan Transfer, NiacinLatin Jazz; exactly that. Utilizes latin beats and rhythms along with multiple and various percussion-centric structures. Incorporates anything from Bolero to Rhumba but doesn't quite "fuse" them.....I guess.... - Acoustic Alchemy, Gare Du Nord, Yutaka, Mas Mamones, Kim Pensyl, Al Di Meola, BrasiliaRagtime; socially and chronologically bridged the gap between classical and jazz. Strong syncopated rhythms and metric patterns pulled from African-American music from the early 20th Century. Primarily piano based. - Scott Joplin, Gene Austin, Ernest Hogan, Dorsey Brothers, Nora Bayes, Ted LewisSmooth Jazz; the music you listen to when you're winding down after a hard day of yoga classes and meditation. Relaxation akin to whale sounds and trickling rivers. - Yellowjackets, Kenny G, Where There's Smoke, J. Spencer, Ricky Ford, Dave KozSoft Jazz; see Smooth Jazz, but softer. Imagine winding down after a day of winding down after a day of yoga classes and...... you get the picture. - Mark Baldwin, Victor Goines, Ziggy Elfman, Eric Darken, Pat Coil, Phil WoodsTraditional Jazz; music for music's sake. The guys who originally broke the rules and continue to do so. They even broke the rules of jazz itself with their category name; since "Traditional Jazz" is itself oxymoronic. - Dave Brubeck, Lord Buckley, Diana Krall, Al Jolson, Elmer Bernstein, Chick WebbVocal Jazz; not all scat and beedoppadoops. The voice as an instrument. Focus on virtuosity of the voice and expression through vocal timbre and fluidity. The best ones were female. Sorry, Louis. - Nina Simone, Etta James, Louis Armstrong, Billie Holiday, Ethel Waters, Nat King ColeMetal:Avant-Garde Metal; the weird crap. The stuff that people either love or hate. Typically not as talented as the Progressive guys, but less heavy and hardcore than the pure metal guys. - System of a Down, Faith No More, Buckethead, King Crimson, Sikth, IntronautClassic Metal; where it all started. The first down-tuned, high-action riffs building from the oppressive industrial age in mid-century Great Britain. And the need to kick ass following all that rockabilly crap. - Scorpions, Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, Iron Maiden, Dio, Rainbow, Iron Butterfly, MotörheadDark Metal: including…Black Metal; similar to death metal, but slightly more atmospheric and extreme. These guys wear skull face-paint and dress like dead demons and other scary stuff. Lo-fi recordings with tremolo guitar and screeching, wailing vocals atop fast tempos/beats and low, thrumming bass. -Aurora Borealis, Behemoth, Setherial, Satanic Slaughter, Noctuary, Watain, Ethereal WoodsDeath Metal; metal about death. Or metal that sounds like it's dying or killing. Lots of blast beats and atonalities. Fast double-bass drums and down-tuned guitars. Screaming and growling. These guys don't play too many Bar Mitzvahs. - Napalm Death, Abysmal Dawn, Mortification, Dethklok, Fleshgore, Beneath the MassacreDoom Metal; like death metal but more ominous using slower tempos and more atmospheric tones. Lyrics are typically depressing and morose and will leave you wanting to kill others; including yourself. - Thergothon, Orodruin, The Hidden Hand, Mindrot, The Obsessed, Unholy, Witchfinder GeneralGoth Metal; somewhat of a horror theme pervades this category. Often times skull makeup or zombie/vampire/werewolf themes will be prevalent. Names often include prepositions. - In This Moment, Cradle of Filth, Within Temptation, Theatre of Tragedy, Cadaveria, AgathodaimonSludge Metal; usually has a somewhat dirtier, grimier feel to it. Slower deep-tuned crunchy riffs and distortion. Sometimes screaming and growling mixed with somewhat southern rock feeling styles. Themes include pessimism, hopelessness, anger. - Black Label Society, Rollins Band, Mastodon, Corrosion of Conformity, Haste, Soilent Green, EyehategodEmo Metal; usually pretty heavy and angst-ridden, but with some clear-voice singing and wailing throughout. Not all screams and growls like Metalcore; and sometimes no screaming or growling at all. Just sort of, “Life is tough and I’m gonna bitch about it” music - but good. -Anberlin, Good Charlotte, Motionless in White, My Chemical Romance, SkilletFusion Metal: including…Folk Metal: including…Celtic Metal; reminiscent of ancient Celtic/Irish battle music. Heavy and grinding, but with an air of ambient atmosphere and possibly pan flutes. Yes definitely pan flutes. One must paint one’s face blue and wear a loin cloth to fully appreciate this genre. - Agalloch, Cruachan, Finntroll, Eluveitie, Mael Mórdha, Geasa, SuidrakaGypsy Metal; crunchy, heavy guitars with fiddles and percussion instruments that might be found hanging in the fortune teller’s wagon of a traveling circus. Some themes get pretty heavy and mythological and really make little sense. But hey…it’s Metal. - Inspirit, Kultur Shock, Stella Arja, Tribe of Gypsies, The Crooked Fiddle BandMedieval Metal; similar to Doom Metal in that the mood is more somber and morose and oppressive. Imagine metal that’s been living in a dungeon for 650 years and has just now stepped out into the sun. Yeah. That. - Heimataerde, In Extremo, Letzte Instanz, Morgenstern, Saltatio Mortis, SkycladPagan Metal; Metal that stays true to the original pagan/wiccan image. Metal that rails against organized religion; especially monotheism. Metal that revels in worldly idolatry and basks in the indulgence of the physical. Lots of symbolism and iconography used on album covers. - Arkona, Asmergin, Finsterforst, Korpiklaani, Obtest, MoonsorrowPirate Metal; exactly what it sounds like. Swashbuckling, rum-guzzling, peg-legged, patch-eyed, hook-armed, parrot-perched ne’er-do-wells prowling the waters in wooden ships carrying gold, gems and ghosts of the sea. At least that’s what they sing about. I think in real life they’re just normal people who drive cars and pay taxes like the rest of us. - Alestorm, Blaxon Stone, Cat O’ Nine Tails, Iron Seawolf, Red Rum, Silverbones, SwashbuckleViking Metal; metal having to do with Vikings (mostly lyrically) and their respective culture. Many reminders that Vikings are likely the most "metal" culture in the history of the world. - Mortiis, Heidevolk, Hel, Turisas, Wolfchant, Grand Magus, BorknagarFunk Metal; relatively self-explanatory. Metal, with some funk. Or funk with a heavier vibe. Heavy crunchy; yet funky and danceable; grooves. Slap bass and wah-wah guitar often rear their heads. Tightly tuned snare drums and snappy bass drums with a lot of emphasis on the hi-hat; usually. -Infectious Grooves, Living Colour, Mordred, Primus, Fishbone, Mind FunkJazz Metal; metal with an air of pretense. Not as esoteric as Avant-Garde Metal and more artsy than Funk Metal. Elements of Jazz like improvisation and off-kilter chord structures prevail. -Conflux, Gru, Sithu Aye, Shining, Naked CityNeoclassical Metal; these guys would be composing for their respective local monarchs had they lived 200 years ago. This is metal with classical tendencies, but not necessarily classical instrumentation. Mostly guitar virtuosi hang out here. Their bands are typically comprised of musical over-achievers who don’t quite have what it takes to be fully progressive. -Yngwie Malmsteen, Vinnie Moore, Timmo Tolkki, Joshua Perahia, Marty FriedmanRap Metal; Pretty self-explanatory. Combines rap and metal. - Linkin Park, P.O.D., Kid Rock, Rage Against The Machine, Papa Roach, Crazy Town, Limp BizkitSymphonic Metal; - again, pretty self-explanatory. Metal guys don't like to waste time with esoteric nomenclature like "Trip Hop" or "Bluegrass". - After Forever, Dimmu Borgir, Blind Guardian, Nightwish, Seraphim, Interfector, AyreonGlam Metal; including…Hair Metal; all about glitz and glamour. Make-up, hair-spray, tight red leather pants and ripped-off blues riffs. I love it. So do you. Many names include animals or a reference to something white. Or both. - Whitesnake, White Lion, Great White, Ratt, Def Leppard, Zebra, Bon Jovi, Firehouse, PoisonSleaze Metal; akin to Hair Metal, but with more grime. More about sex and drugs in the deviant and slimy way. Not really about partying, but about the actual sex and drugs. More leather and fringe than hairspray and makeup. Though you will find some hairspray. And makeup. -Billy Idol, Guns ’n’ Roses, Skid Row, Mötley Crüe, L.A. Guns, ExtremeGroove Metal; Metal with slightly more funk than pure Metal, slightly more balls than Jazz Metal and slightly more balls than pure Funk Metal. Imagine Funk Metal more laid back and less aggressive. Like….if Motown made Metal. Channel Zero, Soulfly, Tad, Fight, DevilDriver, Byzantine, Bleed From WithinIndustrial Metal; more digital sound than raw analog metal. Sometimes just one or two guys doing it all. Can become over-commercialized due to its attainability by the masses. - Rob Zombie, Front Line Assembly, God Lives Underwater, Skinny Puppy, NIN, Filter, The Union UndergroundMetalcore; growling, screaming and yelling. Angry people reside here; somewhere between extreme metal and hardcore punk. Hey wait.....Metalpunk? no....Extrard? no.....Punkstreme? no. Metalcore! There. That works. - SOiL, Drowning Pool, Biohazard, The Agonist, Trivium, HelmetNu Metal; guys who use digital production techniques and a more refined sound. Good hardcore stuff, but not raw and dirty. Often have numbers or present tense verbs/gerunds in their names. - 10 Years, 3 Days Grace, 30 Seconds To Mars, Breaking Benjamin, Dropping Daylight, Shinedown, Sevendust, Finger Eleven, KoЯnPower Metal; metal that combines the powerful elements of classic metal, speed metal and a bit of symphonic metal for added drama. These guys are in your face but not in a Death/Doom/Black Metal way. There’s more life and less death here. Not always happy, but driven and motivational. -Alestorm, Powerwolf, Metal Church, Iced Earth, Kamelot, HelloweenProgressive Metal; including…Classical Prog; Heavy, yet classical virtuosity runs rampant. Complex orchestrations and thematic derivatives abound. Their album covers are usually pretty Dungeons & Dragons-esque. - Adagio, Blind Guardian, Symphony X, Triumph, The Devin Townsend ProjectDjent; pretty much onomatopoeiaic. Those crunchy guitar sounds that are mimicked by Metalheads using their voices to project “DJENT DJENT DJENT DJENT….” as they mouth along with the kickass guitar riffs. - Animals As Leaders, Meshuggah, Mnemic, Periphery, Sikth, TesseracTMathcore; the guys who are more into technique than groove. Music that exhibits what a theoretical physicist’s chalkboard might sound like if transferred to aural perception. - Benea signNow, Botch, Daughters, Ion Dissonance, Psyopus, Spiral ArchitectMelodic Prog; the guys who are more about melody and tonality than about technical virtuosity. Don’t get me wrong, they’re still damn good, but they produce more memorable and catchy tunes than some other Progressive groups. - Crimson Glory, A Perfect Circle, Tool, Queensrÿche, Rhapsody of Fire, Shadow GalleryOmni Prog; the guys who can do it all. Classical, Rock, Jazz, Funk, Groove, Technique, Passion, Virtuosity, Acoustic, Electric, Slow, Fast, Flamenco, Baroque, etc. Pretty much the embodiment of “Musicians’ Bands”. - Dream Theater, Fates Warning, King’s X, Pain of Salvation, Liquid Tension Experiment, PlatypusPower Prog; virtuosity tempered with sheer power. Hard-driving beats and riffs with high-volume, in-your-face ass-kicking. - Adrenaline Mob, Frameshift, Nevermore, Orden Ogan, Ne Obliviscaris, Seventh WonderTechnical Death Metal; similar to the Mathcore guys but heavier. That’s about it. There are lots of prime numbered time signatures in this genre. - Cynic, Green Carnation, Obscura, Odious Mortem, PsycropticPunk: including…Garage Punk; early sixties punk that was raw, lo-fi, scratchy, distorted and fuzzy. Simple chords (I mean…it IS Punk…) and even simpler lyrics. - Black Lips, The Hives, The Humpers, The Mummies, TeengenerateGlam Punk; Punk railing against the status quo with high shock value. Makeup and crazy hair and facial prosthetics abound. - Cherry Vanilla, Flash Bastard, The Hot Dogs, New York Dolls, Shady Lady, Sick Six CrushHardcore; faster, more aggressive Punk. Same simple chords and song themes, but played faster and with more aggression. Usually very fast and/or aggressive. Basically…fast and aggressive Punk. With lyrical themes occasionally treated a bit more seriously for the sake of actual social commentary. - Bad Religion, Black flag, Fugazi, Sworn Enemy, Raised Fist, Social DistortionOi!; the UK scene that tried to bring Punk back to its roots and steal it back from all the spoiled, rich-kid wannabes that had started to become “punkers”. Music is raw, unproduced, natural; yet maintains an honesty that’s rare in a lot of musical styles. - Last Resort, Peter and the Test Tube Babies, Public Enemy, Street Dogs, SuperYob, Toy DollsPop Punk; music by and for the spoiled, rich-kid wannabes that had started to become “punkers”. Punk in the mainstream. The use of Punk stylings and techniques for the sake of selling albums and making money and becoming famous and rich. - American Hi-Fi, The Ataris, Green Day, OffspringPost-Punk; the evolution of Punk into a more personally stylistic and individually nuanced style. More experiementation and removal from the classic Punk traditions created a sort of Avant-Garde Punk movement which culminated in Post-Punk. - 23 Skidoo, Au Pairs, Bauhaus, Big Black, The Chills, The Cult, The StranglersProto-Punk; the ones who started it all. The original punks. The artists who originally went against the grain of the conventional Rock or Pop of their day to create what would become the Punk movement. - Iggy & The Stooges, MC5, NEU!, The Patti Smith Group, The Sonics, TelevisionPunk Rock; those groups that don’t really fit into any subgenre of Punk and just encapsulate what the common culture knows as “Punk”. - The Clash, The Jam, The Ramones, Sex Pistols, Sprung MonkeySpeed Metal; exactly that. Speed. Even the band names are so fast they only use one word. - Helloween, Overkill, Impellitteri, Cranium, Atomkraft, Annihilator, Sodom, Kreator, GravediggerThrash Metal; the guys you likely know best. The original Bay-Area metalheads themselves. - Metallica, Megadeth, Anthrax, Sepultura, Pantera, Slayer, Metal Church, Exodus, TestamentOrchestral:Broadway; the music that's played during those plays on Broadway in NYC. - Les Miserables, Phantom of the Opera, Miss Saigon, Jesus Christ SuperstarClassical; usually considered the dominant Western music from 1750 to 1830; but spans a bit farther in both directions. Typically divided up into eras instead of genres; at least when separating Composers from Performers. ___________________________________________________________________ (composers)500–1600 - Medieval: Dom Dinis, Leorenzo da Firenze, Jaufre Rudel, Sordello, Bernard of Cluny1401–1600 - Renaissance: Biquardus, Jefimija, Isaiah the Serb, Garnier, Annibale Padovano1601–1750 - Baroque: Gaspar Sariz, Antonio Lucio Vivaldi, Johann Sebastian Bach, Domenico Scarlatti, Tomaso Albinoni1751–1830 - High Classical: Franz Schubert, Wolfgang Mozart, Gioacchino Antonio Rossini, Arunachala Kavi, Franz Joseph Haydn1831–1900 - Romantic: Antonin Dvořák, Claude Debussy, Hector Berlioz, Ludwig Van Beethoven, Frédéric Chopin1901–2000 - 20th Century: Aaron Copland, Paul Dukas, Joaquin Rodrigo, George Gershwin, Aram Il’yich, Khachaturian2001-Present - Contemporary: Max Richter, Krzysztof Penderecki, Steve Reich, Michael Van der Aa ________________________________________________________________ (performers)Yo-Yo Ma, Mike Wollenberg, Lang Lang, Andre Rieu, The London Philharmonic, Woody PhillipsMovie Scores; the music that's played during those movies you watch sometimes. Either in NYC or elsewhere. - Alan Silvestri (Back to the Future, Forrest Gump); Danny Elfman (Batman, Beetlejuice, Pee-Wee's Big Adventure); James Horner (Titanic, Braveheart); John Williams (Star Wars, Indiana Jones, E.T., Jaws, Jurassic Park, Superman); Hans Zimmer (Gladiator, The Rock); Harold Faltermeyer (Beverly Hills Cop, Fletch, Top Gun)New Age; the music you listen to during your hard day of yoga classes and meditation. - Andreas Wollenweider, Jordan Rudess, Turin Brakes, Yanni, Gordon HemptonVocal; the vocal instrument applied to the rigors of Classical instrumentation - Andrea Bocelli, Josh Groban, Sarah Brightman, Luciano Pavarotti, Il Divo, Brooklyn Tabernacle ChoirPop:Adult Contemporary; a fancy name for the lame music your parents probably listened to. Mostly maudlin tunes about the lives and thoughts of privileged, white, middle-aged hipsters. - Anne Murray, Barry Manilow, Wilson Phillips, Neil Diamond, Carly SimonBeat Pop; the British invasion of back-beat driven pop icons of the late 50s and early 60s. Most bands are "The" something. - The Beatles, The Lovin' Spoonful, The Kingsmen, The Turtles, The Byrds, The Cuff Links, The Hollies, The Newbeats, The Left Banke, The Zombies, Gunhill RoadDance Pop; the popular music to dance to. Not as counter-culture as EDM, but slightly heavier than Bubble Gum Pop; which I didn't list as a category. - Bananarama, Billy Ocean, Katy Perry, Lady Gaga, Debbie Gibson, EMF, Will to Power, TiffanyDisco; formed from funk, psychedelic and soul; this style rebelled against the rock music of the day in a more visceral, primal way. All about body movement, dancing and the human spectacle, it stole colorful clothing and drugs from the Hippies, up-beat driven rhythms from the Beatniks and combined them in a sexy, seductive libido-based production praising dance and expressive human life. It is currently "dead". - ABBA, The Bee Gees, The Village People, KC & The Sunshine Band, Gloria Gaynor, Lipps Inc.Doo Wop; yet another mainstream derivative of African-American music, doo wop uses more nonsensical phrases and sounds to emphasize harmony and melody over lyrical substance. These names also are often "The" something. - The Dominoes, The Platters, The Tune-Weavers, The Casinos, The Dreamlovers, The Passions, The Penguins, The Rivieras, The Esquires, Bob & Earl.Indie Pop; somewhat contradictory, the emphasis on self-reliance and the whole DIY perspective is exploited to assure popularity and mainstream success. But somehow it works. - The Ting Tings, Fine Young Cannibals, Nil Lara, Karry Walker, Sundays, Hang UpsLatin Pop; exactly that. Pop with better beats and more complex rhythms that actually force you to dance even if you are unwilling. - Ricky Martin, Enrique Iglesias, Pit Bull, Shakira, Miami Sound Machine, Lou BegaPop Rock; slightly edgier pop. Or slightly more commercialized rock. Take your pick. - Fiona Apple, Jewel, Avril Lavigne, Natalie Imbruglia, Eric Carmen, Maroon 5Power Pop; high production music for the sake of performance. - Journey, Rick Springfield, Survivor, Duran Duran, Huey Lewis & The News, Go-Gos, Cutting Crew, The B52sSurf Pop; the music you listen to while watching people surf. Somehow this style became separate from other closely related similar styles and is audibly evident in every group it houses. - The Ventures, The Beach Boys, The Surfaris, Jan and Dean, The Rip-Chords, Dick DaleSynthpop; like power pop, but with the emphasis on synthesizers. - Tears For Fears, OMD, Herbie Hancock, When In Rome, Falco, Dead or Alive, Thomas DolbyTraditional Pop; the crooners. The original pop vocalists whose reputations continue to dazzle and impress. The Rat Pack. The Vegas Lounge Lizards. No, those aren't band names. - Perry Como, Wayne Newton, Tom Jones, Bobby Vinton, Frank Sinatra, Mel TormeR&B:Alternative Hip Hop; Hip Hop that doesn't quite fit the mold of standard R&B. Somewhat left of center and progressive by R&B standards. - Outkast, Black Eyed Peas, Jurassic 5, Wu-Tang Clan, Jadakiss, N.E.R.D., Insane Clown PosseFunk; emphasis on rhythm and groove rather than melody and harmony. Chords aren't as important as the bass line underneath them or the drum beat behind them. - The Brothers Johnson, Commodores, Kool & The Gang, George Clinton & the P-Funk All Stars, Curtis MayfieldNeo Soul; Soul, but newer. Neo is just a cool word for "new". Though not as cool as "acid". OOH!!! Acid Soul! Is that a genre?! If it isn't then it should be. - Jamiroquai, Amy Winehouse, Beyonce, Bruno Mars, Christina Aguilera, Terence Trent d'ArbyNew Jack Swing; "Neo Jack Swing" would sound pretentious and the R&B genre is anything but pretentious. And "Acid Jack Swing" would sound like drug or sex slang. These guys combined Urban Contemporary beats and Dance Pop composition to create a very catchy sound that showcased a lot of soulful melodies and harmonies. This was "The bomb" in the late '80s and early '90s. - Boyz II Men, Bel Biv DeVoe, En Vogue, DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, New Edition, Kid 'n' Play, MC Hammer, Paula AbdulRap; talking. mostly. Though talking very well and rhyming with complex rhythms and rhyme schemes on top of looped beats and melody lines. - Eminem, Cypress Hill, Timbaland, Snoop Dogg, Grandmaster Flash, Digital Underground, Ludacris, Beastie BoysSoul; the s%*t that makes you wanna f%*k. - Teddy Pendergrass, The Righteous Brothers, Lionel Richie, Aaron Neville, Hall & Oates, Luther Vandross, John LegendUrban Contemporary; a combination of EDM, Reggae, Dance Pop, Soul and Rap that creates a very broad range of styles and expressions. - Usher, Nikki Minaj, Justin Timberlake, Missy Elliott, Trey Songz, Rihanna, Ne-Yo, Flo-Rida, DrakeReggae:Dancehall; Jamaican pop that strips down Reggae to the most crucial dance vibes necessary, though it added more digital instrumentation and faster rhythms. - Leonard Dillon, Toots Hibbert, Wailing Souls, Ebony Steelband, Aswad, Big MountainDub; mostly instrumental remixes of existing Reggae recordings. - Third World, Black Uhuru, Yellowman, Sly & Robbie, Freddie McGregorRagga; primarily electronic Reggae. Slower and more laid back than Dancehall, but more produced and digitized than Roots. - Steel Pulse, Trinidad Steel Drum Band, Inner Circle, Desmond Williams, Lasana Bandelé, Joe HiggsRoots; spiritual Rastafarian expression of life and experiences. Primal, raw and unmistakably catchy. - Bob Marley & The Wailers, Greyhound, Dhaima, Crucial Vibes, Kojak & Liza, Shorty the PresidentRock:Alternative; not quite squeezed into the "Rock" definition, but not quite squeezed out of it either. - Soul Asylum, U2, The Wallflowers, Jesus Jones, Beck, Toad the Wet SprocketAmericana; the music about the working class. The hopes and dreams of the free American people. Driving rock that you can hear in bars and stadiums alike. - Bruce Springsteen, Bryan Adams, The Traveling Wilburys, John Mellencamp, Tom Petty, John FogertyClassic Rock; the original rockers. If you haven't heard of these guys you haven't heard of Rock. - Led Zeppelin, The Who, Steve Miller Band, Queen, Eagles, Fleetwood Mac, The Rolling Stones, The TroggsCollege Rock; rock for the sake of getting laid in college. These guys pandered to the more sensitive female audience, thereby creating the necessity for the male audience to like them as well. Typically pretty stupid and nonsensical sounding names. - Vertical Horizon, Iffy, Counting Crows, Hoobastank, Goo Goo Dolls, Fastball, Dishwalla, Hootie & The Blowfish, Matchbox 20, Emmet SwimmingDark Wave; slightly more despondent and depressed. More morose and well......dark. - The Church, The Cure, Blue October, Depeche Mode, The Stone Roses, Joy DivisionFunk Rock; pretty self-explanatory. - Primus, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Spin Doctors, 311, Mother's Finest, Tina & The B-side MovementGrunge; these guys killed Glam Metal. But it was already beginning to show signs of weakness.
This music stripped away all image and pretense and left us with guys who were just good enough at their instrument to still allow every high-school boy in America to be able to play along...... to all their pretty songs......and shoot his gun. - Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, Alice In Chains, Garbage, L7, Mudhoney, Stone Temple Pilots, Local H, Love Battery, The MelvinsHard Rock; not Classic. But not Soft. Or Grungy. Just hard. Though not as hard as Metal. So maybe really hard wood or stone. Yeah that's it. Hard Rock. - Velvet Revolver, Audioslave, Midnight Oil, Pat Benatar, Billy Squier, Drivin' 'N' Cryin', LoverboyIndie Rock; rock that does it's own thing despite what the industry tells it to do. - R.E.M., Florence + The Machine, Monks Of Doom, The Connells, Cake, Juliette & The Licks, They Might Be GiantsNew Wave; more frenetic and impulsive than former rock, disco and punk. More guitar licks and rhythms that didn't just sit you down and leave you there. Somewhat electronic and experimental. Some might say, "new". - INXS, The Police, Crowded House, Spandau Ballet, Oingo Boingo, Shiny Toy Guns, Corey HartPost-Grunge; came after grunge, and was slightly more produced than grunge, but still held on to some of that Grunge angst that made it so successful. - Stone Sour, Ugly Kid Joe, Hinder, Collective Soul, Nickelback, Flyleaf, Candlebox, GodsmackProgressive Rock: including…1970s; Progressive Rock artists of the 1970s. Pretty self-explanatory. These guys were near the birth of what is known as Progressive Rock. Some of the earliest pioneers and trailblazers of the genre.- Deep Purple, Emerson Lake & Palmer, Rush, Kansas, Jethro Tull, Frank Zappa, GenesisArt Rock; Slightly skewed but still rock. More experimental and “out there”. Costumes are common. As is make-up and characterization. -David Bowie, Peter Gabriel, David Byrne, Velvet Underground, Radiohead, Incubus, Talking HeadsCanterbury Scene; named after a bunch of improvisational dudes from Canterbury got someone’s attention. These guys shifted into and out of each other’s bands all the time. Constantly changing and altering their lineups. - Caravan, Short Wave, Supersister, In Cahoots, Gong, Egg, GilgameshPost-Progressive; the spawn of and next generation following 1970s Progressive Rock. These guys adapted to the current zeitgeist and pushed the boundaries even more than their predecessors. I mean….that IS the definition of Progressive. - Attention Deficit, Bozzio Levin Stevens, Somnambulist, Transatlantic, Dali’s Dilemma, Chroma Key, BravePsychedelic Rock (Acid Rock); quirky, drugged-out hysterical nonsense rock with a lot of outward expression against normalcy. Fun shows that led to a lot of deaths; by drug and alcohol consumption; and pregnancies......by drug and alcohol consumption. - Big Brother & The Holding Company, The Doors, Quicksilver Messenger Service, Moody Blues, Sopwith Camel, Vanilla Fudge, DonovanRIO (Rock In Opposition); akin to the Canterbury guys I mentioned earlier, these Progressive musicians got pissed that no one was recognizing their talent and banded together against the music industry itself. Surprise: they still didn’t get very popular. - Aksak Maboul, Etron Fou Lelouban, Henry Cow, Art Bears, Stormy Six, Art ZoydPunk; the rebels who hated society and weren't afraid to let it be known. They'd bleed on stage, rip off their clothes and surf the crowd naked, dump buckets of sweat and other bodily fluids on the crowd while screaming and railing against authority and tradition. Oh and they sometimes held instruments too. - Sex Pistols, Bad Religion, Ramones, Iggy & The Stooges, The Clash, American Hi-FiRockabilly; what some call the original Rock & Roll. A combination of hillbilly and rock containing a western swing and a bouncing party vibe. With elements of piano-based Jump Blues and electric boogie woogie, it made it's mark on the music scene indelibly. Almost everyone's named contained a "Y". - Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Buddy Holly, Tommy Sands, Johnny Rivers, Jerry Lee Lewis, Freddy Cannon, Chubby Checker, Little RichardSka; rock with horns. This provided all those high school kids who chose to play brass in the school band a way to be cool... For about 18 months in the late '90s. - No Doubt, Fighting Gravity, Dispatch, Blue Meanies, Toots & The Maytals, Jack FridaySoft Rock; the rock you listen to on the radio when driving to your yoga or meditation class. - Traffic, Glenn Frey, Linda Ronstadt, Don Henley, Kim Carnes, Gerry RaffertySouthern Rock; rock from the south. Lots of twang and rough gravelly vocals mixed with two-step rhythms that keep audiences head-bobbin' and wavin' confederate flags. When "Free Bird" is yelled at one of these shows, it will be played. - Lynyrd Skynyrd, 38 Special, Blackfoot, Pride & Glory, Molly Hatchet, The Georgia SatellitesWorld: (please forgive my American/Euro-Centric categorizations. And please don't be offended if I've misplaced something that you feel should go elsewhere; in all the previous categories or in the following geographic generalizations. These are mostly all regional folk or traditional music of general locations named accordingly, and just those that I am familiar with and like. I know full well that many and various styles and cultures exist within the overall regions I’ve specified here.)African - Zap Mama, Zwabesho Sibisi, Eleja Choir, Turtle Island String Quartet, Habib Koité and Bamada, Coco LeeMiddle Eastern - Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan; Kaila Flexer; Ilhan Ersahin; Ighigou Haile; S-Tone, Inc.Asian - Liu Huan, Yungchen Lhamo, Itsuki No Komoriuta, Bhoora Singh and Party, Hoang Vuy, Imperial Household OrchestraEastern European - Goralska Orkestra, Stephanya G. Penchevya, Nikollë Nikprelaj, Raderman Beckerman Orchestra, Efta Botoca, Petrică PaşcaIrish/Celtic/Gaelic - Loreena McKennitt, Michael O'Suilleabhain, The Pogues, Enya, The Chieftains, The Tannahill Weavers, WolfstoneIsland - Sean Na'auao, Les Tamaru, Israel Kamakawiwo'ole, Andi Thakambau, Lord Composer, Kealoha KonoLatin/Hispanic - Ruben Blades, Tu Abandono, Adam Del Monte, Brian Keane, Elvis Crespo, Los UmbrellosMediterranean - Triki Triki, Stellákis Perpiniádhis, La Nina Del Los Peines, Márkos Vamvakáris, Effisio Melis, Marika KanaropoulouScandinavian - Värttinä, Hållbus Totte Mattson, Arto Järvelä, Gjallarhorn, Angelit, Annbjørg Lien, Sari Kaasinen...and that's all I can think of off the top of my head. So there's some good music. -
What is the syllabus for first semester in IIT Dhanbad?
Detail Syllabus of First and Second SemesterAMC 11101Mathematics I 3–1–0Calculus-Iuccessive differentiation of one variable and Leibnitz theorem, Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s expansion of functions of single variable, Functions of several variables, partial derivatives, Euler’s theorem, derivatives of composite and implicit functions, total derivatives, Jacobian’s, Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s expansion of functions of several variables, Maxima and minima of functions of several variables, Lagrange’s method of undetermined multipliers, Curvature and asymptotes, concavity, convexity and point of inflection, Curve tracing.Calculus-II: Improper integrals, convergence of improper integrals, test of convergence, Beta and Gamma functions and its properties, Differentiation under integral sign, differentiation of integrals with constant and variable limits, Leibinitz rule. Evaluation of double integrals, Change of order of integrations, change of coordinates, evaluation of area using double integrals, Evaluation of triple integrals, change of coordinates, evaluation of volumes of solids and curved surfaces using double and triple integrals. Mass, center of gravity, moment of inertia and product of inertia of two and three-dimensional bodies and principal axes.Trigonometry of Complex Number, 3D Geometry and Algebra: Function of complex arguments, Hyperbolic functions and summation of trigonometrical series.3D Geometry: Cones, cylinders and conicoids, Central conicoids, normals and conjugate diameters.Algebra: Convergency and divergency of Infinite series. Comparison test, D’ Alembert’s Ratio test, Raabe’s test, logarithmic test, Cauchy’s root test, Alternating series, Leibinitz test, absolute and conditional convergence, power series, uniform convergence.AMC 12101Mathematics I I 3–1–0Vector Calculus: Scalar and vector fields, Level surfaces, differentiation of vectors, Directionalderivatives, gradient, divergence and curl and their physical meaning, vector operators and expansion formulae, Line, surface and volume integrations, Theorems of Green, Stokes and Gauss, Application of vector calculus in engineering problems, orthogonal curvilinear coordinates, expressions of gradient, divergence and curl in curvilinear coordinates.Fourier Series: Periodic functions, Euler’s formulae, Dirichlet’s conditions, expansion of even and odd functions, half range Fourier series, Perseval’s formula, complex form of Fourier series.Matrix Theory: Orthogonal, Hermitian, skew- Hermitian and unitary matrices, Elementary row and column transformations, rank and consistency conditions and solution of simultaneous equations, linear dependence and consistency conditions and solution of simultaneous equations, linear dependence and independence of vectors, Linear and orthogonal transformations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors, properties of Eigen values, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, reduction to normal forms, quadratic forms, reduction of quadratic forms to canonical forms, index, signature,Matrix calculus & its applications in solving differential equations.Differential Equations: Differential Equations of first order and higher degree, Linear independence and dependence of functions. Higher order differential equations with constant coefficient, Rules of finding C.F. and P.I., Method of variation of parameter Cauchy and Legendre’s linear equations, Simultaneous linear equations with constant coefficients, Linear differential equations of second order with variable coefficients; Removal of first derivative (Normal form), Change of independent varaiable, Applications of higher order differential equations in solution of engineering problems.Partial Differential equations: Formation of P.D.E, Equations solvable by direct integration,Linear and non-linear equations of first order, Lagrange’s equations, and Charpit’s method,Homogeneous and non-homogeneous linear P.D.E. with constant coefficients, Rules for finding C.F. & P.I.AP Physics 3–1–0Thermal physics: Concepts of distribution of molecular velocities, Distribution laws and statistics MB, FD and BE, mean free path; Transport phenomena-viscosity, diffusion; thermal conductivity, measurement of thermal conductivity; periodic and a periodic flow of heat; Wiedemann-Franz law. Heat radiation, black body and black body radiation, Planck’s distribution law and its application to classical distribution (Rayleigh-Jeans and Wiens) and total radiation (Stefan-Boltzmann) laws.Modern Physics: Brief idea of molecular spectra, Rigid rotator, spectra of simple molecules, rotation and rotationvibration spectra, Brief idea of wave pocket and wave function, Shrodinger equation, Particle in a Box, Free electron theory; qualitative idea of band theory of solids and Hall effect, Laser and laser systems (He-Ne and Ruby Lasers).Electromagnetics : Maxwell’s field equation, Equation of electromagnetic field, Propagation of electromagnetic waves in different isotropic media, energy of electromagnetic waves, Poynting’s theorem & Poynting’s vector, Rocks and minerals as dielectrics, electrical conductivity and electrical phenomena in rocks, Piezo-, ferro-, tribo-, and pyro-electricity.AC Chemistry 3–1–0Phase Rule and phase equilibrium diagram: Phase rule; degree of freedom, one and two component systems, temperature and composition diagrams, liquid-liquid and liquid-solid phase diagramsElectrochemistry: Electric potentials at interfaces, electrodes, batteries, electrochemical cells and their applications.Organic Chemistry: Basis Organic Chemistry , Isomerism and Stereomers , Name ReactionsInorganic Chemistry: Coordination Compounds and Isomerism , SpectroscopyME Engineering Graphics 1–3–0Drawing instruments and their uses, Indian standards for drawing, Lettering, Types of lines used in engineering graphics: full lines hidden lines, dimension lines, centerlines, section lines construction lines etc.Scales: representative fractions, reducing and enlarging scales, plain scales, diagonal scales and vernier scales. Curves used in engineering practice: conic sections, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, cycloid, epicycloids, hypocycloid, involutes and spiral.Orthographic projections: First angle and third angle projections, conventions used, orthographic projections of simple solids; Conversion of three-dimensional views to orthographic views.Isometric projections: of simple solids, isometric views, conversion of orthographic views to isometric views; free hand sketching.MME Manufacturing Process 1–3–0Forging: Introduction to Forging, types of tools and their uses, colour representations of different temperature levels, recrystallisation, workability of metals at elevated temperature, safety rules.Casting: Introduction to foundry, Pattern making, types of casting processes, purpose of runner & riser, applications of casting, defects in casting.Fitting: Introduction to fitting jobs, fitting tools and their uses, safety rules.Welding: Welding types, accessories, weldments, safety rules.Machine Tools: Types of tools, Types of Machine Tools and their specifications, safety rules.Measurement: Use of vernier etc for product measurement.EE Electrical Technology 3–1–0Network Theorems (KCL, KVL, Thevenin, Norton, Maximum power transfer) applied to steadystate DC circuit, Single-phase AC circuits and phasor diagrams,series and parallel resonance, Three-phase AC circuits with balanced and unbalanced loads, phasor presentation, measurement of three-phase power by two-wattmeter method.Single-phase transformer: Construction, types, EMF equation, equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, regulation, efficiency, OC and SC tests.DC Machines: Construction, types, principle of operation, EMF and torque equation.DC generator: OCC and external characteristic curves and efficiency.DC motors: speed-torque characteristics, starting, 3- point starter, speed control and efficiency.Three-phase induction motor: Construction, types, principle of operation, torque-slip characteristics,starting methods. Introduction to three-phase synchoronous motor.EAI Electronics Engineering 3–1–0Semiconductorodes and Applications – Introduction Characteristics, dc and ac resistances of a Diode. Half wave and Full wave Rectification. Zener Diodes and then use as regulators, Clippers and Clampers.Bipolar junction Transistor - Introduction, Transistor Operator CB, CE and CC configuration, dc biasing, Operating point, Fixed biased Circuit, Emitter –Stablized Bias Circuit, Voltage Divider Bias.BJT Transistor – Amplification in ac domain, Equivalent transistor model. Hybrid Equivalent model, RC coupled amplifier and its frequency response.Operational Amplifiers – introduction, Differential and Common Mode Operation, OPAMP Basics, Practical OPMAP Circuits. Introduction to field effect transistors and their applications.Digital Electronics – Review of Basic Gates and Boolean algebra, Introduction to Combinational Logic Design, Standard Representations of Logical functions and their Simplification, Combinational Logic Design, Half Adder and Full Adders.Sequential Circuits – Flip flops S-R, J-K and D Application in Ripple Counters.MEMME Engineering Mechanics 3–1–0Fundamentals of Mechanics: Equivalent force system, Equation of equilibrium, Introduction to Structural Mechanics: Force analysis of Frames, Trusses, Shear force, Bending moment analysis of Beams.Friction force analysis: Laws, Sliding and Rolling friction, Screw Jack, Wedge, Belt friction, Collar frictionProperties of surfaces: First moment of area and the centroid, Second moment and product of area, Transfer theorem, Polar moment of inertia.Kinematics of particles: Velocity and acceleration calculations, Relative motion.Particle dynamics: Rectilinear translation, Rectangular and cylindrical coordinates.Linear momentum and moment of momentum: Impulse and momentum relations for a particle, Moment of momentum equation for a single particle and for a system of particles.Introduction to kinematics and kinetics of rigid bodies. Mechanical vibration of single degree of freedom system.HSS11101 English for Science and Technology 3–1–0Language Resource Development: Using appropriate grammatical lexical forms to express meaning-accuracy, range and appropriacy grammatical lexical exercises. Reading, Interpreting and Using Written, and Graphic Information : Using (reading and writing) academic texts, articles in technical journals, instruction manuals/laboratory instruction sheets, safety manuals and regulations, and reports; Using maps, graphs, plan diagrams, flow-charts, sketches, tabulated and statistical data.Writing Appropriately in a Range of Rhetorical Styles i.e. Formal and Informal: Writing instructions, describing objects and processes; defining, narrating, classifying exemplifying, comparing, contrasting, hypothesizing, predicting, concluding, generalizing restating, and reporting; Note making (from books/journals); Writing assignments; summarizing, expanding, paraphrasing; Answering examination questions; Correspondence skills; Interpreting, expressing and negotiating meaning; Creating coherent written tests according to the conventions. Receiving and Interpreting the Spoken Word : Listening to lectures and speeches, listening to discussions and explanations in tutorials; Note taking (from lectures); Interacting orally in academic, professional and social situation; Understanding interlocutor, creating coherent discourse, and taking appropriate turns in conversation; Negotiating meanings with others (in class room, workshop, laboratory, seminar, conference, discussion, interview etc.)AGL & CME Earth System Science 3–0–0AGL ( 2 0 0 )Space Science: Solar System, Age of the Earth, Origin Of Solar System. Meteors and Meteorites.Earth Dynamics : Interior of the Earth, Composition of the Earth, Seismic Waves, Seismograph,Plate Tectonics, Basics of Earthquake, Landslides, Volcanoes. Geological Oceanography : Sea waves, Tides, Ocean Current, Geological Work of seas and Oceans, Tsunami and its Causes, Warning system and mitigationHydrogeology : Water table, Aquifer, Groundwater fluctuation and groundwater composition.Practicals:AP Physics 0–0–3Measurement of thermal conductivity of bad conductors, Optical experiments on Diffractionusing diffracting grating. Experiments on Semi-conductors – measurement of band gap and Halleffect Experiments using He-Ne Laser – Diffraction Experiments to measure Brewster’s angle &find refractive index.AC Chemistry 0–0–3List of Experiments1. Standards of HCl by Standard Sodium Carbonate solution.2. Determination of Temporary Hardness of Tap Water.3. Estimation of Total Hardness of water.4. Determination of Iron in Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate solution (Redox titration).5. Determination of Copper in crystallized Copper Sulphate.6. Estimation of available Chlorine in Bleaching Powder.7. Determination of Molecular Weight of Organic Acid by Titration method.8. Estimation of Sodium Carbonate and bicarbonate in a mixture.9. To determine the saponification number of an oil.1210. To determine the rate of hydrolysis of methyl/ ethyl acetate.11. To prepare Chrome Alum.EE Electrical Technology 0–0–3Experiments on Thevenin’s theorem, R-L-C Series circuit, Single phase power measurement,Characteristics of fluorescent lamp and incandescent lamp, OC and SC tests of single phasetransformer, Open-circuit characteristics of DC separately excited generator, externalcharacteristics of separately excited DC generator, 3 point starter of DC shunt motor, Speedcontrol of DC motor.EAI Electronics Engineering 0–0–31. Study of Electronic Equipment & Components.2. Study of diode characteristics.3. Study of regulated power supply.4. Study of BJT characteristics.5. Study of op-amp characteristics.6. Implementation of Boolean algebra using Logic gates.7. Adder Circuits
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Any pointers for a Reception desk software? Need kind of visitor management system,
How to Select and Download a Visitor Management SystemYou’ve spent a lot of time thinking about how you greet and process visitors to your workplace, and you’ve decided that an electronic visitor management system would be a good investment. Now it's time to put the plan in action. How do you go about selecting and downloading a visitor management system?Determine What You NeedThe first order of business when selecting a visitor management system is to determine your needs and wants are.Needs are the deal-breakers; if a visitor check-in app does not have a feature you have determined is a need, then you can confidently cross it off your list.Wants are the nice-to-have features that would make your process run more smoothly, or help make a great first impression, but aren’t requirements.Your organization may have many needs. You may need a system that scans ID and prints visitor badges. You may need something that runs on a particular platform, or that interfaces with your Contact Relationship Management (CRM) software.On the other hand, your organization may have only a list of wants. In this case, it is important to give the different features and benefits of a system more or less weight based on how important they are to you. To make it especially easy, you might use a decision tree or assign them a point value, as in this decision matrix.What to Look ForThere are many possible factors to consider when choosing a visitor management system.Commonly available, low-cost hardware: What kind of hardware does the visitor management system platform require? If you have to buy specialized equipment that costs a pretty penny, then it is probably not a good buy. Too much specialization translates into both high upfront costs, and difficulty in replacing parts and getting service down the road. It is also likely any components you wish to swap or upgrade will be expensive, too. Instead, you want hardware you can purchase easily and that won’t break the bank.Low Administrative Effort: You’ve probably been a part of a new software implementation, or a large programmatic change in your organization. You know that the effort needed to implement the new software can take days, weeks or even months or years. During this time, employees are tied up trying to input data, integrate software or otherwise are busy trying to make something function instead of doing their normal work. A modern visitor registration app should be both robust and simple enough that it takes minimal setup. You want it up and running quickly and smoothly.Customizable: What features do you need? If you don’t need ID badges, can you turn off or eliminate that feature? Can you add custom fields to the visitor sign-in app? Can you add graphics, text and images to match and show off your organization’s brand? Do you need visitors to eSign a non-disclosure agreement, and if so, can it be part of the registration process? A great visitor management system allows for this type of customization and more.White-labeled: You may not be familiar with the term “white label.” A white label product is is sold by a company without its brand in order for it to be re-branded by the company that ultimately sells or displays the product to the consumer or end-user. There are many benefits to using white label products. With a visitor management system, it may be important to you that your guests don’t see the brand of the visitor management system itself, only your graphics and text. Some electronic systems will show the software company’s logo, or a notification of some kind along the lines of “Powered by...” and the company name. If you want the visitor management system to be seamlessly integrated into your organization, check whether a product is white label, or can be made to be white label. You may also want to ask whether there is a fee for removing the creating company’s information.Various Notification Methods: One of the benefits to using an electronic visitor management system is that it can handle the sometimes tedious task of contacting the visitor’s host. When it is a receptionist’s job, the first step might be a phone call. When there is no answer, next comes a text or instant message, then an email and finally roaming the office. It can be nearly impossible to know in a large organization who prefers which notification type, and which notification is best in that particular situation. A great electronic visitor management system will allow your employees to enter their notification preferences (e.g. best phone number for texts (SMS), best number for voice calls, Slack, or Google Hangouts preferences, etc.) and prioritize them based on which is most likely to work. When a visitor checks in to meet that host, the visitor management system does all the contacting for them, leaving the receptionist to show them the best place to sit and where to get coffee.Research and Review Your OptionsOnce you know what your criteria are, it is time to start researching what visitor management system options are out there. Usually the steps to do so are as follows:Internet research: Start online. Nearly all your options will have a website you can explore to find a list of features of the system on offer. Use your Needs and Wants lists that you have already outlined to determine your top two or three choices.Get a Demo: Sometimes you just have to see the product in action to know whether it is right for you. Most companies offering software systems understand this and will gladly schedule a demonstration, either in person or virtually, for you to see how everything works.Ask about Pricing: Of course, as you are looking at all your systems and talking with salespeople, you will need to keep your budget in mind.Ask what is included in all the various packages. Are there up-charges for any features on your needs list? Will the price be fixed or can it change (and surprise you!) as your usage varies or the number of employees you have shifts up or down? (Pro tip: Many employees prefer text message notifications so make sure those are included in the plan you choose.)What are the licensing terms, e.g. monthly, yearly, etc? Do you get a reasonably discount for purchasing a longer subscription?Are any contracts to sign or long-term commitments?Are there different plans for different size organizations or number of check-in kiosks?Is there a cost to have the visitor management vendor help you customize it? What about customer support?Make Your Purchase and Get StartedCongratulations! You’ve found the visitor check-in kiosk that will best fit the needs and wants of your organization. Now it’s time to get the ball rolling to make it really work for you.Start a free trial: Most visitor registration products offer a free trial so you can test the software before committing to buying. Be weary of vendors that require a credit card in order to initiate a trial. If you must, put a reminder in your calendar to ensure you do not accidentally purchase an digital receptionist that is not a great fit for your workspace.Set up an account: Many visitor management system providers use the Software as a Service (often referred to as SaaS) model. This provides the benefit of not needing to deal with on-site servers, or worry about updates. If a visitor registration product is not SaaS, it is likely a legacy product. In order to start using SaaS software, you will need to setup an account. While most modern visitor management systems are apps that can be downloaded to any compatible device, however account setup is often done via a web browser rather than in the app.Customize: During the account setup phase, you may have the opportunity to start the customization of your app. You will likely select the fields you want to appear on your check-in form, upload and place any necessary graphics to brand the display as your own, and enter other important settings. This may include setting up a connection to your CRM, adding personnel notification settings, and uploading documents that are part of the registration process.Procure hardware: If you don’t already have the proper equipment to run the visitor management system, you will want to get that purchased, either with the company providing the software or through a third party. Determine the number of kiosks you need and purchase accordingly.Download the app: Once you have the devices in-hand, it is time to download the app from the app store. Find the app for the software you have selected and download it. You will need to do this on each device you plan to useLog in: Using the account you set up via the web browser, you will need to log into the app on each device.The Testing PhaseOnce you’ve done the upfront work of downloading and logging into the program, it is time to do some testing. Whenever you have new software, it is important to try some test runs to make sure it is doing what you want and expect.Test for visitor type: Test how the app handles for different types of visitors. Check in as someone delivering food to an employee, then as a state building inspector, then as a job candidate meeting the Vice President of Marketing. Was the form easy to fill out, or problematic and annoying? Did it have too many fields, or was it missing a crucial question? Did the proper form pop up for an electronic signature that was needed?Look for visual appeal: Did all the graphics appear properly, or were some stretched or cut off? Are the words spelled correctly? Did the colors look right on the screen? (If not, this could be a screen calibration problem and may require returning the hardware if it can’t be easily corrected.) Any changes you want to make to the visuals on the screen should be corrected prior to going live.Check for notifications: If the app offers automatic notifications, make sure they are working properly. Set up your own notification preferences and test it out by checking in a guest that is coming to see you. Are text messages, Slack notifications, email and phone calls all going through? If not, check to make sure all the contact information is entered properly. If it still isn’t working right, it is time to troubleshoot with the company to see what is going on.Go LiveWhen you’ve determined that the app is functioning the way you want, it is time to go live. In order for real visitors to use the app, you need to have a plan in place for making sure visitors are aware of the process.Place the visitor management system in the reception area: The placement should be quite prominent so it is difficult to miss. Signs that direct all visitors to check in can help signNowly, as can having a very visible label identifying the kiosk itself. Don’t tuck your kiosk back in a corner and rely on guests to find it themselves.Inform your employees: All your employees should be informed of the new check-in system. They, in turn, should set up their own contact profiles in the system so they will be notified when their guests arrive. They should also inform their guests in advance of what to expect so they can be properly prepared.Train your receptionists: Any receptionists or security guards that are stationed near the new visitor management system equipment should be trained on any company protocols. Depending on the organization, they may have certain tasks to perform in conjunction with the visitor management system. For instance, in some organizations they may simply be trained in the best way to direct visitors to the kiosk. In others, they may be required to check identification and make sure it matches the information entered into the system. They might be taught how to troubleshoot the system, print visitor badges, or walk a visitor through the registration process in case they have trouble.Conclusion: Download a Visitor Management System and Reap the RewardsNow that you’ve got everything in place and set up, you can start benefiting from the increased efficiency that having an electronic visitor management system brings. Your employees can rest assured that guests will be greeted and get registered in a timely manner. Your organization will be more secure by knowing who is in the building at all times. You can even start working to build relationships and improve your program offerings by analyzing the data compiled in your electronic visitor database.Choosing, downloading and implementing an electronic visitor management system doesn’t have to be a daunting process. The hardest part is knowing what you want and need. After that, the process for setting it up and getting it installed on your hardware is as easy as downloading the latest app to your phone. You’ll be ready to go in no time.Originally posted by Greetly visitor management system at How to Download a Visitor Management System. Reposted with permission.
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