eSign Word for Procurement Mobile

To effectively learn how to use Word on mobile, start by exploring the built-in tutorials within the app. These resources guide you through essential features and functionalities. Additionally, consider watching online tutorials or reading user guides that focus specifically on using Word on mobile devices.

Yes, you can easily access your documents created on Word desktop when using Word on mobile. Simply ensure that your documents are saved in OneDrive or another cloud service, and you'll have seamless access on your mobile device. This functionality makes it convenient to work on your documents anytime, anywhere.

Word on mobile offers a free version with basic features, which is suitable for casual users. To unlock premium features, such as advanced editing tools and collaboration options, consider purchasing a Microsoft 365 subscription. This investment provides a comprehensive experience for those who need extensive functionality while learning how to use Word on mobile.

When learning how to use Word on mobile, focus on features like document creation, editing tools, and sharing options. Familiarize yourself with formatting tools, spell check, and collaborative features, which enhance document quality. These features will signNowly improve your productivity and overall experience.

To collaborate with others using Word on mobile, share your document through OneDrive or directly within the app. You can invite others to edit or comment on your document in real time, making teamwork efficient and straightforward. This collaborative approach helps users effectively manage projects and feedback using Word on mobile.

Yes, Word on mobile supports several integrations with other applications, enhancing its functionality. You can integrate with cloud storage services, task management tools, and email apps to streamline your workflow. These integrations make it easier to manage your documents and stay organized while using Word on mobile.

Using Word on mobile offers the advantage of portability and convenience. You can create and edit documents on the go, ensuring productivity regardless of location. Additionally, the mobile app simplifies real-time collaboration, making it a valuable tool for those who need to work flexibly while learning how to use Word on mobile.

Taking the question at face value.. here are some of my ideas for a multi-billion dollar business potential in the next few years.. Some ideas may seem whacky or just plain stupid (due to my limited knowledge), but please feel free to add your comments.1. A money lending institution that charges lesser % interest than guideline base rate.  2. An app that would revoke an email after it is read by the recipient - removes traces of the mail being sent at all3. Mobile battery juice packs under $10 for emergency usage.. maybe you could make it last for just one or few phone calls, I don't know... just solve this problem! should be something really small that fits in your pocket4. Start your own internet that kicks ass.. charge everybody $1 one-time fee to join in5.  a mobile phone with in-built cigarette lighter ;-)6. Real time tracking of all commercial planes, trains, automobiles7. Real time monitoring of all micro organisms in the world 8. A cheap way to make you forget a book or a movie so you can read or watch again with the  same thrill of doing it for the first time9. Find a way to store and tap energy more efficiently10. A device that uses the pressure your shoe soles to convert it to electricity and store it in a battery.. so you can recharge your mobile device from your shoesinteresting to come up with such ideas.... will come back and add more later.

Zoho is a web-based online office suite containing word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, databases, note-taking, wikis, web conferencing, customer relationship management (CRM), project management, invoicing, and other applications developed by ZOHO Corporation (formerly AdventNet Inc.), a California-based company. It was launched in 2005 with a web-based word processor. Additional products such as spreadsheets and presentations, were incorporated later into Zoho. Zoho applications are distributed as software as a service (SaaS).Zoho uses an open application programming interface for its Writer, Sheet, Show, Creator, Meeting, and Planner products. It also has plugins into Microsoft Word and Excel, an Apache OpenOffice plugin, and a plugin for Firefox.Zoho Sites is an online, drag and drop website builder. It provides web hosting, unlimited storage, bandwidth and web pages. Features also include an array of website templates and mobile websites. Create, Edit, Share and Collaborate and e-Sign documents online with Zoho Writer.Zoho Creator is a low-code platform to create custom web and mobile apps. It employs a drag-and-drop builder to create forms, reports, dashboards, and workflows—the basics of any app—and can be used to manage data, automate business process, and more.Zoho CRM is a customer relationship management application with features like procurement, inventory, and some accounting functions from the realm of ERP. The free version is limited to 10 users.In October 2009, Zoho integrated some of their applications with the Google Apps online suite. This enabled users to sign into both suites under one login. Zoho and Google still remain separate, competing companies.Source: Zoho Office Suite - Wikipedia

It’s another example of how competitive landscape for startups in China is highly fad driven where you have a large number of firms at peak with little product differentiation, few survivors and a very short company life span. Take group buying, P2P lending, live streaming or really any other industry and you will see the same thing.BCG’s Decoding the Chinese Internet ReportPrivate venture capital is slowly being crowded out by government guidance VC funds so there is really no external pressure on the ecosystem to keep the number of firms low. This is easy to observe in Shenzhen’s hardware scene as well. In 2015, 科技路 was full of AR/VR firms (shops?). In 2016 when the AR/VR bubble burst, they all got converted to convenience stores. Come 2017 and all the convenience stores are facial recognition startups. In 2018 they will probably move on to the next important area to be developed to support 中国制造 2025.On the other hand, this means that “overnight success is more likely in China”. It takes an average of 4 years for a Chinese startup to become a unicorn while 46 percent of current unicorns made it within 2 years. For the United States it is 7 years and only 2 percent unicorns made it within 2.Another thing is it is common for Alibaba and Tencent to strengthen their hold on the ChiComNet by adding any promising new firms (usually market leaders) into their ecosystem. This basically signals that there is no space for new entrants and the industry consolidates around firms supported by Alibaba and Tencent (sometimes Baidu). Once Alibaba invested in Ofo and added it to Alipay and Tencent did the same with Mobike, everyone knew the rest of the bike-sharing firms are on life-support[1].Footnotes[1] Decoding the Chinese Internet

Any industry involving a large amount of paperwork make use electronic signatures. In other words, all industries make use of electronic signatures because all of them have piles of paperwork to handle. Some examples of such industries include financial, life science, healthcare and pharmaceutical industries.Industries such as the pharmaceutical industry, have a number of licenses and other paperwork that they have to handle and keep track of. It can be a tedious task to perform such cumbersome paper processes. Therefore, e-signatures can facilitate an organisation in keeping a track of all this paperwork, by signing electronically.Healthcare industries usually involve time-sensitive documents, which need to be urgently completed. But, it can take days in case of the traditional wet ink paper signatures for the documents to signNow the signer and back, if the parties are geographically scattered. But with electronic signatures, that is not the case. Geographical barriers do not play a role. Documents which earlier needed days to be completed, can now be signed and sent back within minutes, in the click of a button. Furthermore, it takes a long time to bring assets under management. The time taken by the signing process, if wet ink paper signatures are used, may even further delay the process. But by using electronic signatures, the whole process can speed up.Apart from these, there are many paper prone industries which require huge amount of paperwork and with the use of electronic signatures they can make their everyday processes smoother and more efficient.

This is my personal list, in 2016, this portfolio gained 40%+.Ticker CompanyBNFT Benefitfocus, Inc.BOX Box, Inc.BSFT BroadSoft, Inc.CRM Salesforce.com, Inc.CSOD Cornerstone OnDemand, Inc.HUBS HubSpot, Inc.LOGM LogMeIn, Inc.MDSO Medidata Solutions, Inc.NEWR New Relic, Inc.NOW ServiceNow, Inc.QLYS Qualys, Inc.RNG RingCentral, Inc.RP RealPage, Inc.SHOP Shopify Inc.SPLK Splunk Inc.SPSC SPS Commerce, Inc.TEAM Atlassian Corporation PlcTWOU 2U, Inc.ULTI The Ultimate Software Group, Inc.VEEV Veeva Systems Inc.WDAY Workday, Inc.WIX Wix.com Ltd.ZEN Zendesk, Inc.Large software companies like MSFT & ORCL are omitted from this list as this list represents companies who derive 65%+ of their revenue from recurring revenues / monthly fees.

Keyur,For food industry the must have is “ Fssai” certification. There are various companies and consultants who can get you this. Search on Justdial or google, you will get service providersRead More - HomeFSSAI License in IndiaIf you’re planning to start a food retail business in India, the most important license is the one from the Food Safety and Standard Authority of India (FSSAI), Ministry of Family Health & Welfare, Government of India. The FSSAI provides licenses for the safety and standardization of food products manufactured and sold in India. Without one, no legitimate wholesaler or retailer would stock your products.What is an FSSAI license?The FSSAI works toward setting scientific standards for articles of food, to regulate their manufacturing, storage, distribution, sales, and import. It is mandatory for any startup or company with a plan to enter the food retail business to get an FSSAI license. This is, of course, in addition to the other licenses you would need.This is an initiative by the Government of India to ensure the food produced, distributed or imported adheres to the standards set by the food authority and thereby avoid problems such as adulteration and inferior qualities of food.The FSSAI license is divided into three categories:a. FSSAI license for single-state businesses with annual turnover of under Rs. 12 lakhb. FSSAI license for single-state hotels, restaurants, and medium-sized food manufacturers with annual turnover of Rs. 12 lakh to Rs. 20 crorec. FSSAI central license for enterprises with a turnover of over Rs. 20 croreIf you plan to open outlets in more than one state, you will need a Central FSSAI license for the registered office and state licenses for individual units. If you have warehouses in different states, you will be required to get a separate license for each facility.Who will require an FSSAI registration?Any enterprises involved in the manufacture, procurement (import), processing, packaging, storage and distribution of food items will need to acquire this license. Once you register online, the business is provided with a 14-digit registration number. Any food packages distributed or manufactured should carry the registration number.Steps to procure a FSSAI license in India:Fill in ApplicationFill the application form (Form B) mentioned in The Food Safety and Standards (Licensing and Registration of Food Businesses), Regulations 2011.Before filling up your application, check the type of FSSAI license you may require, from the concerned person. You can check this link below for details on State and Central licenses.Send form to authorityAttach the following with the application form and send it to the Licensing Authority (State or Central):1. A self-attested declaration as provided in the format in Annexure 12. Copies of documents provided in Annexure 2 of the Regulations.3. Fees prescribed in Schedule 3, depending upon the category your food business falls in.The list of documents that you might need include:a) In case of proprietorship, photo ID and address proof of the proprietor, directors or partners. Proofs should have been issued by the Government of Indiab) List of food categories that you wish to manufacture, procure, package, etc.c) Blueprint or layout of the manufacturing, storage or distribution facilityd) Business namee) Food analysis report (as demanded by the FSSAI)f) Raw material source and NoC from the local municipality.Additional informationIf the licensing authority requires any additional information relating to the application or if the application is found to be incomplete, you will be informed in writing within 15 days of your application.You will be asked to provide the remaining information within 30 days from intimation. In case you fail to do the same; your application for a license will be rejected.Application numberOnce the complete application is received, including the additional information (if asked for) by the Authority, an Application ID number is issued. This ID number has to be used for reference and in all future correspondence. You can expect the license within 60 days of the issue of such an Application ID number.Inspection reportAfter the issue of Application ID number, the Licensing Authority may direct an officer to inspect the premises in which your business is to be opened.This is done in the manner prescribed by the regulations of the Food Safety and Standard Authority of India.The Inspecting Officer may issue a notice to you, guiding you on necessary steps to be taken or changes to be made on your premises to ensure general sanitary and hygienic conditions.You will need to carry out the required steps, changes or alterations and intimate the licensing authority about it within 30 days or within the time period allowed by it.License ApprovalWithin 30 days from receipt of the inspection report, excluding the time taken by you to comply with the feedback in the inspection report, the concerned licensing authority shall consider the application and may either grant a license or reject the application. However, before refusing your license application, you shall be given an opportunity of being heard, and if the authority still decides to reject your application, the reasons for refusal shall be recorded in writing.Displaying the licenseThe licensing authority will issue you the license in Format C under Schedule 2 of the regulations, a true copy of which will be needed to be displayed in a prominent place at all times within your business premises. this linkFollow link here - FSSAI License in India - VakilsearchOnline procedure for licensing/registration for food businessesFood Business Operators can apply online for the Registration and Licensing through an online application system. This step by step guide will make it easy for you to apply online.The first step is to go to FSSAI site http://foodlicensing.fssai.gov.inWhen the page opens click on ‘Sign-up (For Self-Care Portal)’ which is on the right of the screen.A sign-up form will appear. Fill your contact detailsOnce the window opens fill your contact detailsRemember that the email – ID and mobile number you fill up for sign –up should be active and valid, which means it must be in use.Make a unique user name which is not already registered with the site.After filling up the form click on Register to complete the sign-up process.Once sign-up is successful you will get a message ‘account successfully created.’ You will also get a sign-up success confirmation message on your mobile as an SMS and via e-mail too.You now have an online account with FSSAIThis user ID is valid for 30 days so make sure you apply online within 30 days or this user ID will be disabled after 30 days.You have taken the first step to apply for online License/RegistrationWhen you are ready to apply for License/ Registration click on this link http://foodlicensing.fssai.gov.inOpen your page with your user name and passwordFill the details in the Online Application Form. It will take some time so be prepared to sit at the computer for a while and have necessary documents loaded on your computer system beforehand like filled and signed Form B.RememberOnce the online form is filled up completely you have to take a printout of the filled out Online Application Form before you click on ‘submit’Once you have the print out then click ‘Submit’ tabMake a note of the reference number that is displayed on the screen once you have submitted the applicationYou need this reference number to track the progress of your application for Registration or Licensing.The web enabled form is available 24X7 so you can apply any time but keep time available as you must complete the whole application process preferably in one sitting so there are no mistakes and it does not go into Incomplete Application tabVERY IMPORTANTRemember you have to submit the printout of the filled up Online Application Form to the Regional Authority/State Authority with all supportive documents within 15 days from the date of making the online submission for your application to be considered.Step By Step Online Application Guide for Central/ State License and Registration CertificatePlease remember that the following part of the guide is common for Central/ State License and Registration Certificate applications. When the procedure is different, it is indicated separately as Central/ State or Registration Application procedureType http://foodlicensing.fssai.gov.in into the address bar on top of your browser window.When the window opens on your page Click on proceed to apply for License & RegistrationYour next step is to check for eligibilityProcedure for checking Eligibility for Registration Certificate, State or Central License (For all applicants)Click on check your eligibility to see your eligibility for Central license, State license or for Registration Certificate according to your turnover.An Eligibility check screen will openFill the serial number address, state, district and click on Close if you have only one premise.If you operate in more than one premise/unit and work in multiple districts or states then fill one unit and after that click on Save & Add. Now Click on the check eligibility column under action column.Your first unit address is saved so now fill the second unit with all details like the first, again click on Save & Add and againcheck eligibility column under ‘action’ column. So one by one check out the eligibility of all your food operation units/premises separately.Once you have filled up all the details for all your units separately, one by one now click on Proceed to Generate Summary of Eligibility Report (All premises/Units)On-line Application Procedure (For all applicants)After the generated eligibility report has been displayed and you have noted your eligibility, you have to log into your online account once again with user name and password.Your logged in home page will open with the heading ‘List of Application (s)’How to Apply for Online RegistrationMove the cursor on License/Registration in the home page window. From the drop -down menu and select Apply for License/ RegistrationYou will be redirected to another pageFill all the relevant details in the form on that page accuratelyState for which you want to applySelect YES if your premises are located in a seaport or airport at Kandla, Tuticorin, Vishakhapatnam, Kolkata, Marmagoa, Cochin, Mumbai, Chennai, JNPT, at Kolkata, Tiruchy, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Amritsar, Cochin.If your food business operation does not exist in any of the above then select NO from the choice.Select YES if you are operating your business from more than one State. And If you have only one location select NO.If you are applying for Head Office/ Registered Office then select YES.Select what kind of business you do in a single premise which you are applying for, eg, dairy units, slaughtering units etc.For each kind of business selected, check the capacity/ turnover for determining the eligibility for that particular category as already stated earlier.Note that you need to have a separate license for each location. If you are working in more than two States then you need to have one Central License for Head Office/Registered Office and a separate license for each of your operating locations as per capacity, turnover, State/Central license rulesIf you are a transporter then you need only one license for all vehicles being used for a single business.Now click on ‘proceed’.After proceed you will be directed to a new page where you apply according to the type of business you do for either Central/ State licenseThe License category you come under will be displayed automatically. You can apply to each by clicking on Click to Apply against the license categoryIf you are applying for Head/Registered Office plus two other businesses in two states then Click on Apply for a single Central License for all businesses.If you want to apply for Conversion to FSS license, then select YES for question: Are you already holding License given under other laws existing prior to Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006?Procedure for Central License ApplicationBased on the pre-check procedure, if you come in the category for Central License you will be directed to the Central Licensing page where you will fill out the application shown according to Food Safety and Standards Act 2006. Fill the complete application then click on Save & NextAfter every ‘Save& Next’ a new part of the application will be displayed on the screen. Make sure you fill out all the forms like Business details, food processing unit.Remember to fill in generic names like sunflower oil, flavoured milk and NOT brand names.The names of food products you list must be approved products as per FSS Act 2006If you wish to add product click on ‘Select Food Category’ in the screen titled Other Food Processing Unit and from the drop down menu select the food category and similarly subcategories if any from the drop down menu showing sub categories. You can fill all food items one by one but they must be separated by commas. Click on ‘Save &Add’ under action to add every new product.Fill up all information correctly as the same will appear on your License.Remember that there are at least six screen forms showing a different part of the Online Central Application before you come to the final form which says ‘Payment Confirmation’. Make sure that after filling up each form on the screen you are clicking on ‘Save & Next’Remember if you are applying for conversion to FSS License then you have to fill in the details of the Holding License on one of the forms.Where it is written download on the forms make sure you download and complete the action (eg, like declaration form).If you want to submit any documents electronically from saved documents on your computer then click on ‘Choose File’, select from your system and click on ‘Upload’.If you find that a document is not required for your category of Food business operation then select ‘Not Applicable’ on the screen.At the end of the screen form you will come to ‘How many years you want to apply’ choose from the drop down menu between 1 to 5 years.After this you will be directed to the ‘payment confirmation’ page but don’t be in a hurry to complete the payment.IMPORTANTClick on the Preview/Edit Application before Final Submission and go through the form carefully to see that you have not made any mistake or left out any information. Make sure your form is complete and all information accurate.If you find that you have made no mistake nor left out any part of the form then go to the ‘Payment Confirmation Page’ and click on make payment.You will now be directed to another page where you make your payment with credit card, debit card or through net banking. Fill the correct information.After payment has been successfully made you will be directed to another page where you will Upload the signed Form B (make sure you have a scanned and saved copy of Form B on your computer for uploading)Once your application has been successfully submitted you will see a generated ‘Acknowledgement Receipt’ on your screen. Make sure to print out a copy of the receipt before logging offIf you want to modify any details after final submission of the online form then you will have to contact the designated officer at the address that is printed on the ‘Acknowledgement Receipt’.Procedure for State License ApplicationOn the basis of your assessment and eligibility criteria of each of your businesses if it is determined that you are eligible for multi-licenses then you can opt for individual State licenses for each food business/category. Click on ‘Click to Apply’ against the license category.ORYou can opt for the single highest license evaluated according to your eligibility criteria of all your businesses and the highest fee application will be applicable then. For this application you have to click on the linkwhich is ABOVE ‘Cancel’ tab and you will get the right formBased on the pre-check procedure if you come in the category for State License you will be directed to the State Licensing page where you will fill out the application shown according to Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006. Fill the complete application then click on Save & NextThe procedure for application is similar to Central License Application. State License Application form is similarly filled out like the Central License Application. Before filling the form make sure that Application State License Form is on display on your screen. Your Acknowledgement Receipt should also show STATE license on itAfter every ‘Save & Next’ a new part of the application will be displayed on the screen. Make sure you fill out all the forms like Business details, food processing unit,Remember to fill in generic names like sunflower oil, flavoured milk and NOT brand names.The names of food products you list must be approved products as per FSS Act 2006If you wish to add product click on ‘Select Food Category’ in the screen titled Other Food Processing Unit and from the drop down menu select the food category and similarly subcategories if any from the drop down menu showing sub categories. You can fill all food items one by one but they must be separated by commas. Click on ‘Save & Add ‘in ‘Action’ column to add every new product.Fill up all information correctly as the same will appear on your License.There are at least six screen forms, showing a different parts of the Online STATE Application form before you come to Payment Confirmation. Make sure that after filling up each form on the screen you are clicking on ‘Save & Next’Remember if you are applying for conversion to FSS License then you have to fill in the details of the Holding License on one of the forms.Where it is written download on the forms make sure you download and complete the action (e.g., like declaration form).If you want to submit any documents electronically from saved documents on your computer then click on ‘Choose File’, select from your system and click on ‘Upload’.If you find that a document is not required for your category of Food business operation then select ‘Not Applicable’ on the screen.At the end of the screen form you will come to ‘How many years you want to apply’ choose from the drop down menu between 1 to 5 years.After this you will be directed to the ‘payment confirmation page but don’t be in a hurry to complete the payment.IMPORTANTClick on the Preview/ Edit Application before Final Submission and go through the form carefully to see that you have not made any mistake or left out any information. Make sure your form is complete and all information accurate.If you find that you have made no mistake nor left out any part of the form then go to the ‘Payment Confirmation Page’ and click on make payment.You will now be directed to another page where you make your payment with credit card, debit card or through net banking. Fill the correct information.After payment has been successfully made you will be directed to another page where you will Upload the signed Form B (make sure you have a scanned and saved copy of Form B on your computer for uploading)Once your application has been successfully submitted you will see a generated Acknowledgement Receipt on your screen. Make sure to print out a copy of the receipt before logging offIf you want to modify any details after final submission of the online form then you will have to contact the designated officer at the address that is printed on the Acknowledgement Receipt.IMPORTANTWhen you have to up load documents from your computer if a document is not available as a soft copy on your computer the then you have to select‘Submission type’ as ‘Physically’ and enter your remarks. Make sure you submit the same within 15 days to the designated/concerned office.Online Application for Registration CertificateIf you are eligible for Registration Certificate on the basis of eligibility criteria then the screen shot that appears on your computer screen will be the Application form for Registration Certificate. The application will be on the basis of Form A.For Registration Certificate you have to fill out only one form and then proceed for payment. Your Acknowledgement Receipt will also show REGISTRATION on it.EDITTING APPLICATION FORWARDED BY DESIGNATED OFFICERIf you receive the application back duly forwarded by the Designated Officer to modify or edit then you have to modify it according to DO’s remarks. DO will send the application for modification if you have filled up an invalid business or if thereis a mismatch of business details, improper submission of supporting documents any other discrepancies.Procedure for modificationLog-in with your user name and passwordOn the page that is displayed Click on ‘Registration and Licensing’On the drop –down menu click on Application for EditingYou will be redirected to a new page which says ‘Application for modification’. Go to the appropriate Central or State Category and click on ‘proceed’ in Action column.Now modify the application according to the remarks made by the DO in the remarks column of the Application for modification page.Completed Application StatusTo check the status of your completed online application click on ‘Complete Application and on License/Certificate’ typeThen press searchIf a license has been issued the License registration number will be displayed when you click on ‘License/ Certificate number’.If you would like to view the Acknowledgement Receipt then click ‘view’ on reference number.For application status you will see another window with heading Detailed Report for State or Central Licenses Completed Application(s) form. Here under Application Status you will be able to view whether the license has been issued to you or not. If license has been issued, you will be able to see issue date and validity period.Pending ApplicationTo check pending or incomplete applications click on ‘Incomplete Application and License/Certificate’ typeYou will see another window with heading written as Detailed Report for Central/ State Licenses Incomplete Application(s)Next click on ‘Proceed’ in Action column to complete the applicationIf Form B has to be uploaded then scan the filled out printed Form B on your computer and upload it from your systemIf you wish to delete the application then click on ‘Delete’ in ‘Action column’To log out click on log out.Cancel ApplicationIf the application is sent back to you for modification forinvalid business, you have no option for modifying the “kind of business” (like dairy units, oil processing units)Or if you have filled your premises in the wrong State.In both these cases you have to cancel the application and have to file a new application. The application can be cancelled by clicking on the ‘cancel application’ tab in the ‘Action column’ in the Application Modification Form.IMPORTANTIf the Designated Officer sends the application for modification and you cancel it then the payment you have made on your application can only be refunded offline by meeting the DO.Submitting Clarification (s) OnlineLog-in with your user name and passwordOn home page Click on ‘Registration and Licensing’On the drop –down menu click on ‘Clarification/incidents’Click on ‘proceed’ and give the necessary clarification as required by the Designated Officer.Modification of Issued LicensesOnce your application has been generated and issued and you wish to modify it then on home page you will get another tab when you log in which says ‘Modification’ if you wish to make changes likeadding new businessaddress changecommunication change like mobile numberYou have to pay one year fee for any modification if the license has been already generated.Place the mouse on ‘Modification’ and on the drop-down menu click on ‘Apply for Modification in License/Registration’. A page will be displayed which says ‘List of Central/ State License or Registration Certificate for ModificationIf you want to modify information already printed on your License then you have to click on Form C (Fees applicable)If you have to modify some information before the License is printed like address or communication detail then click on Non- Form C (Fees not applicable)Now click on ‘proceed’ against that particular licenseYou will get a warning message boxRead that warning carefully before clicking Okay.If you click OK and then do not complete the modification process you will be listed on Homepage as Incomplete ApplicationThe issued License will also not be listed on homepage when a request is made for modificationRemember once you have clicked OK on the message box then you must complete the modificationsRenewal of LicenseYou have to apply for renewal of your License if you want to avoid penalties.The issued License will be listed in the Renewal Bin 60 days before it expires.It is advisable to apply for renewal of License the moment it appears in the Renewal Bin.If you wait for the exact date of renewal and it is in the period of 30 days only (left for renewal) then you will have to pay penalty at the rate of Rs.100/-per dayAfter log in go to ‘Renewal’ tab and on the drop down menu select ‘Apply for Renewal for License/Registration’.After this process a page will be displayed with a List of Licenses for RenewalNow click on ‘Proceed’ link of that particular LicenseA warning message will appear which says “are you sure you want to apply for renewal of the LicenseIf you click OK and then do not complete the renewal process you will be listed on Homepage as Incomplete ApplicationSurrender Or Duplicate License/ RegistrationA separate bin is created on homepage for duplicate/surrender if you wish to apply for surrender of License or for Duplicate.Click on apply for duplicate/surrenderThe whole list of issued Central and Sate Licenses will appearA tab will appear against each license with ‘surrender’ on it. In the Action column click on ‘surrender’ for your particular license if you want to surrenderSimilar steps are followed for surrendering Registration certificate. Instead of License the word Certificate will appear.You can also apply in the same way for Duplicate License or Registration Certificate. By clicking on ‘Duplicate’ instead of ‘Surrender’ on the list of particular License and registration certificate you want to duplicate.You have to pay 10% of License or Registration fees if you want a Duplicate License or Registration CertificateAs you click on ‘apply for duplicate’ a new page will open with payment modeSelect the payment details and submitYou will have to also upload relevant documentsA screen will appear with ‘Acknowledgement Receipt’ for either Registration or License.Print the receipt for keepingTransfer of State and Central LicenseTransfer of Registration Certificate and License can be transferred only on the death of the Certificate holder or the License holderClick on Apply for Duplicate/Surrender/Transfer of License(s) on Action column of homepageIssued licenses will be displayedClick on ‘transfer’ to transfer the Central or State licenseA pre- filled Form B will appear which was filled at the time of license generationYou cannot change any other details of address, KOB or products. You can only fill in the new name of the company and submit the form along with relevant documents and place the reason in the remark columnAfter filling the relevant details press proceedThe form will be submitted to the corresponding Designated Officer.The same procedure is followed for transfer of Registration Certificate but instead of License the page will display transfer of Registration Certificate.Source - Online procedure for licensing/registration for food businesses

As other answers noted, a poolee is a person who has passed all the required pre-entry requirements (physically, mentally, morally qualified, or a waiver thereto has been approved for any defects like smoking weed, a broken leg in the past, etc.), and has:Signed a contract (almost always for 8 years, the standard Military Service Obligation (MSO), of which any part not served on active duty will be served in the reserve component) with the USMC.Sworn (or affirmed for those persons who refuse to “swear”) the standard US armed forces Oath of Enlistment, to uphold the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic.Therefore legally become a member of the Armed Forces of the United States of America.And is awaiting shipping off to one of the USMC boot camps: MCRD Parris Island or San Diego.The Marine Corps calls this “pool” of enlistees, those who have already entered the USMC contractually but have yet to ship off to boot camp for entry-level training, the “pool.” Thus, members of the “pool” are called “poolees,” until they arrive at one of the recruit depots, at which time they become, “maggots,” “amphibian green pieces of slime,” “coconuts,” “grapes,” and other, worse names!The day that poolees begin travel to one of the recruit depots, under Govt orders and usually under Govt-issued tickets on commercial transportation, or more rarely, on some form of Govt transportation, those poolees have entered active duty status from their previous reserve status.So when they arrive at their respective yellow footprints, at the Island or at Hollywood (east or west recruit depots…), they will already be on active duty. They will have just completed their first period of travel under orders. They will have become subject to the UCMJ at midnight on the day they begin travel, since all members of the armed forces who are on active duty status are subject to the UCMJ, and all periods of active duty status are for 24 hour periods (1 day) x the number of days/years on their orders to active duty.So if a poolee checks into the hotel the night before he ships to boot camp, a common scenario, and gets into trouble after midnight on the day he ships, or fails to arrive at boot camp at the designated time and place, or never arrives at all, they are subject to the UCMJ for any crimes they may have committed.By signing the MSO contract of enlistment, and swearing the oath of enlistment, members of the USMC Delayed Entry Program pool have entered a subcategory of the Reserve Component of the USMC Reserve, called the Individual Ready Reserve (IRR). The IRR is stratified, with many layers, mostly having to do with “readiness,” i.e., readiness to deploy, to serve abroad, to go to war, etc.Members of the DEP, of course, usually have no prior US military experience (called “prior service”). Most of them are high school kids, or recently graduated from HS, and are betwen 17–19 years old. A few are older, and a very few are much older, up to their late 30’s in some exceptional cases.While participation in youth programs such as Junior (High School) ROTC (of any branch of service), Young Marines, Sea Cadets, Coast Guard Auxiliary, Civil Air Patrol, a State Defense Force such as the California State Guard, even Boy and Girl Scouting and such, are good preparatory programs, each in their own way, none of them (not even Young Marines or Marine Corps JROTC) can fully prepare a person for USMC boot camp. And these programs are NOT designed to do so! They are youth programs, leadership programs, service programs. Many, if not a large majority of all the participants of all these programs combined…never serve in the Armed Forces. And that is fine, because these programs are predominantly designed to instill citizenship, honesty and other values, leadership, and provide some structure for young Americans to enjoy themselves doing something they like.Even college-level “Senior ROTC” includes many students who are not going to complete the program; many of those students are “sampling” the ROTC program to see if they will like it. Some really want to be fully accepted from a form of “internship” with the SROTC program into either a full scholarship participant, or at least a subsidized “Advanced Standing” SROTC participant. Until a SROTC student is accepted — and accepts “the King’s Shilling” (in the form of a contract and swear the Oath of Enlistment, and begin to receive a living stipend or scholarship) — they usually do not incur any service obligation and while they may wear the ROTC uniform, participate in (at least most) ROTC activities, these SROTC students actually are not sworn into the armed forces (yet), are not contractually obligated to the ROTC program, are not servicemembers under the law (having not signed a contract for a minimum 8-year MSO and sworn the Oath of Enlistment), and are not receiving financial assistance. They are also not guaranteed a commission as an officer, or anything else from the ROTC program or the armed forces.They are also not technically considered part of the pool, or the DEP (as they have no formal military status). I hesitate to use the word “Wanna-bees,” but that best describes them. They are sampling the ROTC program, but haven’t committed fully, and may never commit or be accepted even if they want to commit.I should state, for the record, that there are two types of additional SROTC participants, in addition to the full scholarship students, the “advanced standing” students, and the non-advanced standing students:In the Army, and apparently only the Army Reserve, the law allows prior service members who are enlisted in the Army Reserve to voluntarily participate with the Army SROTC program in what is called the “Simultaneous Membership Program.”This allows the prior service Soldier to continue to participate with their Army reserve unit, gaining experience, leadership, all the usual benefits of reserve service, promotions, skills, while they simultaneously participate with their Army SROTC program, up to and including a scholarship for financial assistance.The end state of this Simultaneous Membership Program (SMP), unique to the Army Reserve and Army SROTC, is that upon graduation with a baccalaureate 4-year degree, and the necessary authorizations completed, the enlisted Soldier’s current reserve enlistment is terminated, and they are commissioned as an Army officer (usually a Second Lieutenant [O-1], but there are programs leading to more advanced grades through law school and medical schools, and some SMP participants may have earned enough duty credits to be commissioned as O-1E, which simply means they have accumulated 4 years’ worth of active and reserve service credits and begin service as an officer with a higher paycheck that will continue through Captain (O-3E); promotion to major will even things out pay-wise…there are no O-4E.There are also other prior-service students, either currently in the reserve component (whether actively participating with a reserve unit or not), or veterans who left active duty and either are serving the remainder of their 8-year MSO in the Reserve Component (usually the IRR, as a trained individual who has no obligation to participate with a reserve unit and has not chosen to do so voluntarily), or veterans who have completed their entire 8-year MSO but have returned to college and are seeking financial aid through SROTC and the opportunity to return to active duty as officers in the armed forces.With the exception of the Army SMP, all other currently serving, whether active or reserve, regardless of parent service or other obligations, if approved for SROTC standing will have their current contracts terminated, a new 8-year MSO begins, and they will be enlisted into the Service that runs the SROTC program they are joining. Examples:Marine active duty enlisted is selected for Marine-Option NROTC 4-year Scholarship. Marine is ordered to a NROTC unit at a college, and the day before the term formally begins, they are discharged from their current enlisted Marine at the “Convenience of the Government” to accept a NROTC Scholarship. They are sworn in with a new contract into the Marine Corps Reserve as a “E-1/Midshipmen,” that status to continue until they are commissioned as an officer, or they are otherwise removed from the NROTC Scholarship program.Army National Guard enlisted is selected for Air Force ROTC 3-year scholarship (having already completed a year of college). Soldier is ordered to report to the AFROTC unit. The USARNG will discharge the Soldier from their current enlistment contract, and the USAFR will enlist them as an “E-1/Cadet” for the remainder of their college until they are commissioned.Marine reserve enlisted is a student at a college where there is also a NROTC program. The Marine decides to join the NROTC program as a non-advanced standing student…i.e., an intern, “auditing” the program because he isn’t receiving any financial support, and isn’t a full member of NROTC, and hasn’t committed to it…but he does participate and is therefore learning some things. Perhaps he is a drill guide, assisting with various military aspects of the training of midshipmen, or takes one of the NROTC classes for college credit. If he set it up properly, he could even be receiving reserve retirement point credit for some of these activities, without pay, to “put future money in the bank” so to speak for his planned reserve retirement.If Marine reservist above applies for, and is accepted for, either “advanced standing” or “scholarship” his Marine enlisted contract will be terminated, he will be sworn in on a new 8-year MSO into either the Marine or Navy Reserve (as the program he is accepted for dictates) as a “E-1/Midshipman,” and will remain in that status until he is commissioned. He will no longer be a member of the Selected Reserve, nor a member of his former reserve unit, and in fact cannot gain further retirement credit while a member of SROTC. (Although he will remain a member of the IRR, because all SROTC advanced standing and scholarship members are serving enlisted contracts in the Individual Ready Reserve.)It is important to note that none of the various flavors of participants in the SROTC program are considered to be in the “DEP,” even though it may seem similar. Officer procurement programs and officer candidates are tracked and handled separately, although, they too, are counted in the IRR as untrained manpower until they are commissioned and their status changes.Now, back to the DEP itself…Members of the DEP, while they are legally members of the Armed Forces, and the Service and Reserve Component in which they enlisted, are not entitled to any other benefits normally provided to reserve servicemembers, such as:No military ID cards.No military email accounts.No military pay.No military retirement credit.No active security clearances.No medical or dental insurance.Normally, members of the DEP/poolees are not provided military uniforms or equipment, other than perhaps physical training T-shirts, etc.BUT, members of the DEP/poolees, because they are legally members of the USMC Reserves, are serving their 8-year MSO contract. This means that if a poolee waits for a whole year to ship to boot camp, which isn’t uncommon, at their arrival at boot camp they will only have 7 more years of contractually obligated USMC service, whether active or reserve. Since most Marines are on 4-year active duty contracts, that means that, on average, the typical enlisted Marine finishes his 4-year hitch on active duty, transfers to the Reserve Component for the remainder of his 8-year MSO contract, and only has about 3.5 years to go…sometimes as short as 3 years if he was in the DEP for a whole year before he shipped to boot camp. (Most such Marines simply serve out their MSO in the IRR, as “trained manpower,” but some will join reserve units and thus become members of the Selected Reserve as opposed to the IRR.)Years ago, up until the late-1980s and before, time spent in the DEP was often creditable not just toward the 8-year MSO contract, but also counted toward establishing a base date for pay so that some enlisted servicemembers might arrive at boot camp and begin getting paid as if they had a year in the service already. This ended by 1989, as a cost cutting issue.Poolees typically spend their time in the “pool” working with their recruiters to prepare to go to boot camp. This is often a weekly, or sometimes monthly, even weekends, series of training classes or practical applications, physical training, etc., coordinated by the Marine recruiters. I recall attending weekly Wednesday evening 1–2 hour “classes” almost every week while I was in the DEP. Most of those were a half hour of PT, with some type of class about Marine Corps organization, history, ethics, famous Marines, famous battles, “what to expect,” etc. We also went to a rifle range once and practiced with M-16s drawn from a local unit. And we went for two weekends up into the national forest near where I lived, “camping,” though we spent more time hiking up and down forest trails for exercise than anything else. Playing “capture the flag,” etc.As a reminder: poolees are members of the DEP, which is lawfully a part of the IRR of the Reserve Component, albeit an “untrained part.”This means that poolees, in a true national emergency, could be “mobilized” as a national asset of untrained manpower, and sent through whatever training was necessary and required, even if the training was abbreviated. The USMC pulled poolees, even straight civilian volunteers, right through the most abbreviated training courses at the start of the Korean War, when the USMC was desperate for warm bodies to throw at Korea…some of them never did attend any form of boot camp…just crash courses within their units from the older Marines, most of whom had served in WWII.

Q1. What is Software Testing?Say you want to transfer 10K INR to your friend via Net banking. You make the transaction & inform your friend. But when you check your SMS, it says 11K INR has been debited from your account. How do you feel? Frustrated? Angry? Resolution to change your Bank? I.e. if you don’t like testing your product, most likely your customers won’t like to test it either.To make it right, you first need to identify what’s wrong. And when it’s about finding the wrong in software, we call it “Software Testing”! Testers don’t break software, software is already broken. As simple as that. To tell somebody that they are wrong is called criticism. To do so officially is called Testing :-) it’s the software analysis in order to find defects to be corrected. It provides customers, client, and stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test – whether it meets the requirements that guided its design and development.Officially:“Software testing is a process used to identify the correctness, completeness, and quality of developed computer software. It includes a set of activities conducted with the intent of finding errors in software so that it could be corrected before the product is released to the end users.”Q2. What’s the difference between Test Matrix & Metrics? Any examples?Metrics: a scale for measurement, we can’t control things which we can’t measure – i.e. no. of defects identified, count of test cases executed, execution productivity, and test completion % age – anything that can be expressed in numbers or % age, generally to track performance (& take corrective actions if required)!Matrix: remember the mathematics’ concept you studied at school? Applying it to Software Testing – ‘Matrix’ is nothing but a tabular structure representing the relationship between rows & columns. Now what would a Test team want to relate? A simple example would be ‘Requirement Traceability Matrix’ – Requirements >> Test Scenarios >> Test cases >> Execution status >> Defects. & why to use RTM? Simple, to measure Test coverage w.r.t. clients’ requirements – every requirement has been tested & every defect resolved successfully.Q3. What’s the difference between Mistake, Error, Bug, Defect, Fault and Failure?Say you are testing an e-commerce checkout functionality. You observe that even after selecting ‘Debit card’ as the payment method, you are being navigated to Bank’s Net Banking login page.Mistake: There was a slipup by the developer hence the issueError/Bug: Due to developer’s mistake, there is an error/bug residing in the codeDefect: Once the bug is identified during testing, it is logged as a ‘Defect’ in the tracking systemFault: Now this is tricky. Pay attention! As an end-user of the application, the User clicks on the ‘Debit card’ option at checkout. The erroneous code has been triggered. But when will the end-user come to know of the defect? Yeah! When he sees the Net Banking login page. The duration from clicking on the ‘Debit card’ option till the User lands on the Net Banking page – there was a ‘Fault’ in the system.Failure: Literally a disappointment or a letdown. And no one wants to do business with a failure!Q4. What do you mean by ‘Mobile App Testing’?Mobile App Testing: As the terminology states, it’s the Testing of Mobile Apps keeping in mind the holistic view, i.e. Devices, Operating Systems, Networks, Usability, Performance, Security, Blah Blah Blah…to ensure that your App is easy-to-use, free of bugs, User-friendly, works with every platform, is secure – which places you much ahead of the competition. With different permutations & combinations & focus on Quality – a holistic Testing Strategy is as important as the App Idea itself.OR“Mobile App Testing” is nothing but a holistic Test Strategy to maintain the “App Quality” in order to stay ahead of the competition so that End-Users approve (install) the App and in turn spread positive word-of-mouth, thus benefiting the overall Business.Q5. What are the different phases of Software Testing Lifecycle (STLC)?‘To make it Right, first identify what’s Wrong’ – but how? How do you identify what’s wrong? Intuition says – Just give me the application and I can find what’s wrong (defects), right? Nah! We are not workers, we are professionals. How do you build customer confidence with your ad-hoc tests? After all, Client is paying you to get the job done. And he/she wants ‘Quantitative’ reports & a ‘Quality’ product at the end. So how do you make sure that your Client is happy? Forget about ‘Software Testing’ – in any Technical background, how do you make sure that your Client is super-happy @ the end?Lifecycle as in how a product or process grows to maturation, from inception till the end. And at every phase you keep the client updated of the progress via a set of deliverables.Requirement Analysis (What): Understand client’s business & what does he/she wantsTest Planning (What, How, When, Where & Who): Plan it how you are going to deliver, the activities involvedTest Designing (How): Draft the detailed steps to-be-completedTest Environment Setup (Where): Identify the vendors & procure all the necessary itemsTest Execution (Just do it): Execute the detailed steps using items identified aboveTest Closure: Deliver the quality productPost-implementation support: Support your deliverable for certain duration (training, etc.)Retrospection: Take a Retrospective look as to what can be improved the next timeQ6. You have worked on which all Test Levels? OR What are the different Test Levels?Generally a solution comprises of multiple integrated systems. As a QA what will be the level of your tests?Unit Tests (Developer): Done by developers as soon as they develop a certain code, if it’s working or not.Component Testing (QA): Individual component testing by the QA team, without integration with other components. This is to verify that standalone components are working as expected.Integration Testing (QA): Testing of the interfaces between different systems, so as to confirm that different components can work together in harmony.System Testing (QA): Testing of the system as a whole.End-to-End Testing (QA): What if multiple systems are involved? E.g. Payment processing starts when you initiate a payment from the front-office (Net banking website) >> It goes to mid-office for routing >> signNowes the correct back-office where it is finally settled. E2E Testing involves verifying the E2E functional flow involving multiple systems.User Acceptance Tests (Business Users): How does client accept your test result without system walkthrough? Business Users walkthrough the system during the UAT phase in order to provide approval / sign-off.Beta Testing (End-users): Giving access to a set of end-users to gauge system usage feedback.Q7. What do you mean by Functional & Non-functional testing? OR What are the different types of Software Testing?Broadly, Testing Types can be distinguished as either Functional or Non-functional, i.e. you need to validate the functional aspects like functions, compatibility, user interface, etc. OR you need to validate the performance, security aspects.Functional Testing – The most-essential Test type, Functional testing focuses on testing the software against design document, use cases and requirements document – that it correctly performs all its required functions.Non-Functional Testing – Here, you are not testing the software for any functionality. Instead the focus is on non-functional aspects like performance, load, accessibility, localization, security, reliability, recovery, etc.Functional & Non-functional are the root testing types and every other type falls in either of the one category.Q8. What is the difference between Performance, Load, Stress and Volume Testing?Performance Testing – The objective is not functional but to uncover performance issues such as network delay, data rendering, database transaction processing, load balancing between servers, throughput, response time, etc. (speed and efficiency of the system). Performance covers Load, Stress & Volume testing.Load TestingLoad as in testing the ‘capacity’ of the application under test. Didn’t get it? The common scenario in most of the IT firms – the company portal cannot be accessed as soon as you get the news that appraisal letters have been released J the reason – Load testing wasn’t performed. The portal couldn’t handle the Users’ rush or concurrent access to the system.The objective is to check the behavior of the software under normal and over peak load conditions – at what point the system’s response time degrades or fails.Stress TestingWhen do you get stressed? Yeah! When we can’t handle the pressure. To a certain limit, we can handle the tension but beyond it – stressed.Similarly a software is built to handle a certain load, beyond that it breaks. The objective of ‘Stress Testing’ is to test the software under abnormal load conditions (beyond the acceptable limit) and then its performance is monitored to observe how the software would behave at breakpoint. There are many ways of creating abnormal conditions – the database can be turned off and on, complex database queries, continuous input to system, database load or network ports can be shut or restarted randomly.Volume testingVolume (meaning ‘Bulk’) testing is carried out to find the response of the software with different sizes of the data being sent/received or to be processed. E.g. If you were to be testing Microsoft word, volume testing would ensure if word can open, save and work on files of different sizes (10 to 100 MB).Q9. What do you mean by ‘Penetration Testing’?Also known as PenTest in short, it’s a type of security testing. The objective is to gauge how secure software and its environments (hardware, operating system and network) are when subject to attack by an external or internal intruder. Intruder can be a human/hacker or malicious programs. Pentest uses methods to forcibly intrude (by brute force attack) or by using a weakness (vulnerability) to gain access to a software or data or hardware with an intent to expose ways to steal, manipulate or corrupt data, software files or configuration. Penetration Testing is a way of ethical hacking, an experienced Penetration tester will use the same methods and tools that a hacker would use but the intention of Penetration tester is to identify vulnerability and get them fixed before a real hacker or malicious program exploits it.Q10. How do you ensure Test coverage? OR What’s RTM & why to use it?What’s the basis for the Test coverage? Yeah! Requirements – functional, technical & non-functional – every single requirement needs to be tested. What if by mistake the Test team over-looked one of the requirement & didn’t write test cases for it? How will a Test Manager or Client come to know about it? ‘Requirement Traceability Matrix’!A traceability matrix is a document that co-relates any two baseline documents (section to section) that require a many-to-many relationship to check the completeness of the relationship, i.e. to ensure that everything within both documents is related in any way!Applying the concept of Traceability matrix to requirements, i.e. one of the reference document will always be ‘Requirements Specification’. In simple terms, Requirements Traceability Matrix (commonly known as RTM) is a tool (mostly excel document) that traces requirement throughout the validation process, i.e. Requirement Analysis, Test Design, Test execution & Closure phase.How? Simple mapping – Requirement IDs >> Test Scenario IDs >> Test cases IDs >> Defect IDs (including final status)Ensure Test CoverageBuild Client ConfidenceTrack Change RequestsRisk ManagementSuggest improvements or missing functionalitiesTest Design MaintainabilitySticking to-the-scopeHighlight any ambiguous requirementsProduct Quality

Q1. What is Software Testing?Say you want to transfer 10K INR to your friend via Net banking. You make the transaction & inform your friend. But when you check your SMS, it says 11K INR has been debited from your account. How do you feel? Frustrated? Angry? Resolution to change your Bank? I.e. if you don’t like testing your product, most likely your customers won’t like to test it either.To make it right, you first need to identify what’s wrong. And when it’s about finding the wrong in software, we call it “Software Testing”! Testers don’t break software, software is already broken. As simple as that. To tell somebody that they are wrong is called criticism. To do so officially is called Testing :-) it’s the software analysis in order to find defects to be corrected. It provides customers, client, and stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test – whether it meets the requirements that guided its design and development.Officially:“Software testing is a process used to identify the correctness, completeness, and quality of developed computer software. It includes a set of activities conducted with the intent of finding errors in software so that it could be corrected before the product is released to the end users.”Q2. What’s the difference between Test Matrix & Metrics? Any examples?Metrics: a scale for measurement, we can’t control things which we can’t measure – i.e. no. of defects identified, count of test cases executed, execution productivity, and test completion % age – anything that can be expressed in numbers or % age, generally to track performance (& take corrective actions if required)!Matrix: remember the mathematics’ concept you studied at school? Applying it to Software Testing – ‘Matrix’ is nothing but a tabular structure representing the relationship between rows & columns. Now what would a Test team want to relate? A simple example would be ‘Requirement Traceability Matrix’ – Requirements >> Test Scenarios >> Test cases >> Execution status >> Defects. & why to use RTM? Simple, to measure Test coverage w.r.t. clients’ requirements – every requirement has been tested & every defect resolved successfully.Q3. What’s the difference between Mistake, Error, Bug, Defect, Fault and Failure?Say you are testing an e-commerce checkout functionality. You observe that even after selecting ‘Debit card’ as the payment method, you are being navigated to Bank’s Net Banking login page.Mistake: There was a slipup by the developer hence the issueError/Bug: Due to developer’s mistake, there is an error/bug residing in the codeDefect: Once the bug is identified during testing, it is logged as a ‘Defect’ in the tracking systemFault: Now this is tricky. Pay attention! As an end-user of the application, the User clicks on the ‘Debit card’ option at checkout. The erroneous code has been triggered. But when will the end-user come to know of the defect? Yeah! When he sees the Net Banking login page. The duration from clicking on the ‘Debit card’ option till the User lands on the Net Banking page – there was a ‘Fault’ in the system.Failure: Literally a disappointment or a letdown. And no one wants to do business with a failure!Q4. What do you mean by ‘Mobile App Testing’?Mobile App Testing: As the terminology states, it’s the Testing of Mobile Apps keeping in mind the holistic view, i.e. Devices, Operating Systems, Networks, Usability, Performance, Security, Blah Blah Blah…to ensure that your App is easy-to-use, free of bugs, User-friendly, works with every platform, is secure – which places you much ahead of the competition. With different permutations & combinations & focus on Quality – a holistic Testing Strategy is as important as the App Idea itself.OR“Mobile App Testing” is nothing but a holistic Test Strategy to maintain the “App Quality” in order to stay ahead of the competition so that End-Users approve (install) the App and in turn spread positive word-of-mouth, thus benefiting the overall Business.Q5. What are the different phases of Software Testing Lifecycle (STLC)?‘To make it Right, first identify what’s Wrong’ – but how? How do you identify what’s wrong? Intuition says – Just give me the application and I can find what’s wrong (defects), right? Nah! We are not workers, we are professionals. How do you build customer confidence with your ad-hoc tests? After all, Client is paying you to get the job done. And he/she wants ‘Quantitative’ reports & a ‘Quality’ product at the end. So how do you make sure that your Client is happy? Forget about ‘Software Testing’ – in any Technical background, how do you make sure that your Client is super-happy @ the end?Lifecycle as in how a product or process grows to maturation, from inception till the end. And at every phase you keep the client updated of the progress via a set of deliverables.Requirement Analysis (What): Understand client’s business & what does he/she wantsTest Planning (What, How, When, Where & Who): Plan it how you are going to deliver, the activities involvedTest Designing (How): Draft the detailed steps to-be-completedTest Environment Setup (Where): Identify the vendors & procure all the necessary itemsTest Execution (Just do it): Execute the detailed steps using items identified aboveTest Closure: Deliver the quality productPost-implementation support: Support your deliverable for certain duration (training, etc.)Retrospection: Take a Retrospective look as to what can be improved the next timeQ6. You have worked on which all Test Levels? OR What are the different Test Levels?Generally a solution comprises of multiple integrated systems. As a QA what will be the level of your tests?Unit Tests (Developer): Done by developers as soon as they develop a certain code, if it’s working or not.Component Testing (QA): Individual component testing by the QA team, without integration with other components. This is to verify that standalone components are working as expected.Integration Testing (QA): Testing of the interfaces between different systems, so as to confirm that different components can work together in harmony.System Testing (QA): Testing of the system as a whole.End-to-End Testing (QA): What if multiple systems are involved? E.g. Payment processing starts when you initiate a payment from the front-office (Net banking website) >> It goes to mid-office for routing >> signNowes the correct back-office where it is finally settled. E2E Testing involves verifying the E2E functional flow involving multiple systems.User Acceptance Tests (Business Users): How does client accept your test result without system walkthrough? Business Users walkthrough the system during the UAT phase in order to provide approval / sign-off.Beta Testing (End-users): Giving access to a set of end-users to gauge system usage feedback.Q7. What do you mean by Functional & Non-functional testing? OR What are the different types of Software Testing?Broadly, Testing Types can be distinguished as either Functional or Non-functional, i.e. you need to validate the functional aspects like functions, compatibility, user interface, etc. OR you need to validate the performance, security aspects.Functional Testing – The most-essential Test type, Functional testing focuses on testing the software against design document, use cases and requirements document – that it correctly performs all its required functions.Non-Functional Testing – Here, you are not testing the software for any functionality. Instead the focus is on non-functional aspects like performance, load, accessibility, localization, security, reliability, recovery, etc.Functional & Non-functional are the root testing types and every other type falls in either of the one category.Q8. What is the difference between Performance, Load, Stress and Volume Testing?Performance Testing – The objective is not functional but to uncover performance issues such as network delay, data rendering, database transaction processing, load balancing between servers, throughput, response time, etc. (speed and efficiency of the system). Performance covers Load, Stress & Volume testing.Load TestingLoad as in testing the ‘capacity’ of the application under test. Didn’t get it? The common scenario in most of the IT firms – the company portal cannot be accessed as soon as you get the news that appraisal letters have been released J the reason – Load testing wasn’t performed. The portal couldn’t handle the Users’ rush or concurrent access to the system.The objective is to check the behavior of the software under normal and over peak load conditions – at what point the system’s response time degrades or fails.Stress TestingWhen do you get stressed? Yeah! When we can’t handle the pressure. To a certain limit, we can handle the tension but beyond it – stressed.Similarly a software is built to handle a certain load, beyond that it breaks. The objective of ‘Stress Testing’ is to test the software under abnormal load conditions (beyond the acceptable limit) and then its performance is monitored to observe how the software would behave at breakpoint. There are many ways of creating abnormal conditions – the database can be turned off and on, complex database queries, continuous input to system, database load or network ports can be shut or restarted randomly.Volume testingVolume (meaning ‘Bulk’) testing is carried out to find the response of the software with different sizes of the data being sent/received or to be processed. E.g. If you were to be testing Microsoft word, volume testing would ensure if word can open, save and work on files of different sizes (10 to 100 MB).Q9. What do you mean by ‘Penetration Testing’?Also known as PenTest in short, it’s a type of security testing. The objective is to gauge how secure software and its environments (hardware, operating system and network) are when subject to attack by an external or internal intruder. Intruder can be a human/hacker or malicious programs. Pentest uses methods to forcibly intrude (by brute force attack) or by using a weakness (vulnerability) to gain access to a software or data or hardware with an intent to expose ways to steal, manipulate or corrupt data, software files or configuration. Penetration Testing is a way of ethical hacking, an experienced Penetration tester will use the same methods and tools that a hacker would use but the intention of Penetration tester is to identify vulnerability and get them fixed before a real hacker or malicious program exploits it.Q10. How do you ensure Test coverage? OR What’s RTM & why to use it?What’s the basis for the Test coverage? Yeah! Requirements – functional, technical & non-functional – every single requirement needs to be tested. What if by mistake the Test team over-looked one of the requirement & didn’t write test cases for it? How will a Test Manager or Client come to know about it? ‘Requirement Traceability Matrix’!A traceability matrix is a document that co-relates any two baseline documents (section to section) that require a many-to-many relationship to check the completeness of the relationship, i.e. to ensure that everything within both documents is related in any way!Applying the concept of Traceability matrix to requirements, i.e. one of the reference document will always be ‘Requirements Specification’. In simple terms, Requirements Traceability Matrix (commonly known as RTM) is a tool (mostly excel document) that traces requirement throughout the validation process, i.e. Requirement Analysis, Test Design, Test execution & Closure phase.How? Simple mapping – Requirement IDs >> Test Scenario IDs >> Test cases IDs >> Defect IDs (including final status)Ensure Test CoverageBuild Client ConfidenceTrack Change RequestsRisk ManagementSuggest improvements or missing functionalitiesTest Design MaintainabilitySticking to-the-scopeHighlight any ambiguous requirementsProduct Quality